不同土壤硬度对火箭炮发射初始扰动的影响研究

武器系统发射时的初始扰动对于射击精度的影响至关重要,为了研究火箭炮发射时土壤硬度对于发射初始扰动的影响规律,提高火箭炮射击精度,利用多刚体动力学、多柔体动力学理论及土壤本构模型,建立刚柔耦合火箭炮发射动力学模型。该模型充分考虑了土壤刚度、粘聚力及内摩擦角等关键参数对于火箭炮振动特性的响应影响,由刚柔耦合模型计算了燃气流冲击下火箭炮支腿的受力特性及炮口响应,并进行实验验证,最终研究了几种不同硬度土壤对火箭炮初始扰动的影响规律。该计算方法为土基发射武器的动力学计算提供了重要的参考。     

苔藓结皮光谱的变异性研究

通过测定干、湿苔藓结皮光谱和不同季节的苔藓结皮光谱,研究了其水分变异性和季节变异性.研究得出,湿苔藓结皮光谱曲线与维管植物的光谱曲线相似,即苔藓在生命活动期的光谱曲线具有高等植物光谱曲线特征,干苔藓结皮光谱曲线特征与裸地土壤的光谱曲线相似;苔藓结皮光谱在苔藓营养发育期(7月)与生殖发育期(10月)存在较大差异,即苔藓结皮光谱也如维管植物一样存在季节变异.研究分析认为,苔藓结皮光谱与其所处环境的土壤水分有关,且苔藓结皮光谱象其他高等植物一样具有季节性变异,所以仅通过分析某一状态下的生物结皮的光谱与其他地物光谱的异同,构建的遥感解译方法很难具有普适性.由于湿苔藓结皮光谱与维管植物相似,苔藓结皮可能造成其盖度分布较大区域的植物指数的不稳定性和该区域植被生产力的过高估计.     

火电机组蒸汽温度控制系统性能评估

蒸汽温度控制对提高电厂功率机组的效率、延长使用寿命有着重要作用。为了保持蒸汽温度回路控制性能,传统方法使用最小方差法,但其难以得到控制系统的延时。在实际应用中通常使用扩展时域法来代替最小方差评估方法。例如在湛江300~660 MW火电机组蒸汽温度控制回路中采用了扩展时域法,评估出改进控制策略前后系统的控制性能提升了7.8%。湛江电厂回路评估结果表明,扩展时域法可较好地评估火电机组蒸汽温度控制回路的性能。     

考虑成桩扰动的复合土体模量计算方法

应用受力平衡分析对CFG桩桩间土模量进行了详细推导，同时考虑成桩过程的扰动，提出利用圆孔扩张理论计算扰动区半径，改进和完善了复合土体和桩间土模量的计算方法。有助于提高沉降计算精度。计算表明，该方法在工程上应用较为安全。     

利用洛河水沙资源改善沙苑地区生态环境的探讨

在分析沙苑地区农田现状和洛河水沙资源特性基础上,提出利用引洪淤灌技术引取洛河高含沙水淤灌,从而改良沙苑的土质和提高土壤肥力,并从工程技术和改良效果等方面全面分析了改良沙苑地区土质和生态环境,从而达到充分利用水沙资源综合治理和改善生态环境的目的。     

Local models-based regression trees for very short-term wind speed prediction

This paper evaluates the performance of different types of Regression Trees (RTs) in a real problem of very short-term wind speed prediction from measuring data in wind farms. RT is a solidly established methodology that, contrary to other soft-computing approaches, has been under-explored in problems of wind speed prediction in wind farms. In this paper we comparatively evaluate eight different types of RTs algorithms, and we show that they are able obtain excellent results in real problems of very short-term wind speed prediction, improving existing classical and soft-computing approaches such as multi-linear regression approaches, different types of neural networks and support vector regression algorithms in this problem. We also show that RTs have a very small computation time, that allows the retraining of the algorithms whenever new wind speed data are collected from the measuring towers.     

影响埋管系统换热性能的三个重要参数

从简单的传热原理出发,推导了埋管系统换热程度与换热时间、雷诺数、埋管直径、空气状态参数等之间的函数关系,并分析了雷诺数、换热时间和地温三个重要参数对埋管系统换热潜力的影响。文章还从传热介质对埋管系统换热性能的限制出发,得出了系统的最佳雷诺数和管长、管径、气流速度、埋深等构造参数的合理范围,为系统设计提供了参考。分析表明,在埋管系统中宜采用导热系数大的粘土作为传热介质,并且管内气流的雷诺数在10000左右时,系统能取得较好的换热性能。还通过一系列已有工程实例对这一函数关系进行了验证。结果表明,这一函数关系所得出的结论和实验结果非常接近。     

稳定分析中的几个土压力问题

在稳定分析中,土压力计算是荷载计算经常遇到的一个方面。本文主要针对稳定分析中土压力方面的问题进行了探讨,总结和提出了处理土压力问题的一般思路和方法。     

Lowland rice response to potassium fertilization and its effect on N and P uptake

Not much is known about the response of lowland rice to K fertilization under Brazilian conditions. A field experiment was conducted during four consecutive years to determine the response of three lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars to K fertilization on a Low Humic Gley soil. In the first two years, K was broadcast at rates of 0, 42, 84, 126, and 168 kg K ha^–1. In the last two years K rates were reduced to 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 kg K ha^–1 and applied in a band. Potassium significantly (P < 0.01) increased grain yields but the response varied from cultivar to cultivar and year to year. Yield responses to K fertilization were superimposed on a general trend of increasing grain yields across the four growing seasons. Mean grain yields increased 14.3% with broadcast application of K in the first two years and 10.4% with banded application of K in the last two years when compared to the control treatments. Extractable soil K increased with K application rate and decreased with soil depth. Potassium was rapidly removed from the soil and yearly broadcast or banded application of K can be expected to result in a significant increase in grain yield of lowland rice in these soils.     

A mathematical model for predicting the soil nitrogen status under varying fertilizer practices in a continuous cropping sequence

A mathematical model has been proposed for predicting the changes in soil nitrogen status due to continuous fertilization in a continuous cropping sequence. The model also enabled the prediction of the steady state of soil nitrogen for a specified fertilizer practice.The model was applied to six years nitrogen availability data of four fertilizer practices in finger millet-maize-cowpea sequence followed in the Long Term Fertilizer Experiments conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India. The agreement between the predicted soil nitrogen status by the model and the actuals was proved by employing reliability index.