烧结法赤泥-沥青粉固化剂稳定粉土的路用性能研究

为解决黄河冲积平原地区粉土粘聚力低、水稳定性差等工程应用问题,采用烧结法赤泥和基质沥青为主材制备粉土固化剂(RAC)对粉土进行综合稳定。按5%水泥优选掺量并附加0,2,4,6,8% RAC成型稳定粉土试件,经过标准养护、浸水软化、循环加热、低温冻融、高温自愈等特定试验条件后,进行3d、7d和28d龄期的抗压强度与压缩模量试验,对比分析不同掺量RAC稳定粉土路用性能的变化规律。采用扫描电镜(SEM)分别观察粉土、水泥稳定粉土和RAC稳定粉土的微观结构形貌和孔隙特征,进而探讨固化稳定机理。结合实体工程的应用实践对RAC稳定粉土的路用性能进行测试分析与验证。结果表明：与单掺水泥相比,RAC稳定粉土具有良好的力学性能,2,4,6,8%RAC稳定粉土标准养护3d强度分别提高110%,146%,156%,161%,28d龄期浸水强度损失率均小于20%;当RAC掺量高于4%时,循环加热5次以上可使稳定粉土的强度增长超过140%,低温冻融强度损失率小于15%;试件加载至90%极限荷载,循环加热5次后,2,4,6,8%RAC稳定粉土强度变化率分别是-8.3%,-2.3%,+8.0%,+12.9%。SEM图像显示RAC稳定使粉土形成密实的胶结凝聚体和均匀分布的孔径小于1μm非连通微孔结构,有利于稳定粉土水稳定性和抗冻性的提高;高温条件下沥青组分发生湿润粘结包裹粉土颗粒及水化产物,同时加速扩散填充内部孔隙和微裂缝,实现土体的损伤修复和结构补强。实体工程中RAC稳定粉土结构层取芯测试抗压强度为1.7MPa,压缩模量为1360MPa,路面弯沉为18~23(0.01mm),未出现裂缝、坑槽、松散等损坏现象。     

小型预制桩基础承载特性数值模拟研究

本文建立硬化土本构模型,针对江苏省软土地区的土质条件选取数值计算参数,通过PLAXIS 2D软件对小型预制桩在的单桩水平受荷及竖向受荷进行数值模拟,得到桩身弯矩沿桩长的分布以及荷载-位移曲线,分析小型预制桩基础桩身弯矩的分布特点,并探求其在水平及竖向荷载作用下的承载特性,进而能够为小型预制桩基础工程设计以及计算方面提供一定的参考依据。     

加芯搅拌桩芯桩定位限垂技术的研发与应用

为控制水泥土加芯搅拌桩的芯桩贯入质量,研发了一种基于芯桩定位导向架的定位限垂挑臂装置,并通过采用不同材质、不同尺寸的方法,反复摸索、实施,分析得出了芯桩定位导向架的定位限垂挑臂装置的最优方案。同时,通过运用数据比对、图表说明的方法,有效验证了加芯搅拌桩芯桩定位限垂挑臂装置对于现场施工的重要作用。在新疆地区23450 根加芯搅拌桩工程中进行首次应用,实践表明研发的定位限垂技术可有效控制芯桩贯入的定位和垂直度,提高施工效率。该定位限垂技术经济效益良好,可为今后新疆地区特殊软基处理以及加芯搅拌桩施工提供参考价值。     

Processing of yttria partially stabilized zirconia thermal barrier coatings implementing a high-power laser diode

Several studies have been undertaken recently to adapt yttria partially stabilized zirconia (YPSZ) thermal barrier coating (TBC) characteristics during their manufacturing process. Thermal spraying implementing laser irradiation appears to be a possibility for modifying the coating morphology. This study aims to present the results of in situ (i.e., simultaneous treatment) and a posteriori (i.e., post-treatment) laser treatments implementing a high-power laser diode. In both cases, the coatings underwent atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). Laser irradiation was achieved using a 3 kW, average-power laser diode exhibiting an 848 nm wavelength. Experiments were performed to reach two goals. First, laser post-treatments aimed at building a map of the laser-processing parameter effects on the coating microstructure to estimate the laser-processing parameters, which seem to be suited to the change into in situ coating remelting. Second, in situ coating remelting aimed at quantifying the involved phenomena. In that case, the coating was treated layer by layer as it was manufactured. The input energy effect was studied by varying the scanning velocity (i.e., between 35 and 60 m/min), and consequently the irradiation time (i.e., between 1.8 and 3.1 ms, respectively). Experiments showed that coating thermal conductivity was lowered by more than 20% and that coating resistance to isothermal shocks was increased very significantly.     

区域土壤腐蚀试验数据分布特征研究——Ⅰ 概率分布特征表述

以塔里木和大港油田区域土壤腐蚀试验数据为例，论 证了区域腐蚀试验数据整体概率分布符合正态随机函数、其极大值数据符合Gumbel极值函数 .根据分布参数可以计算区内不同腐蚀性土壤比例、可能存在最大土壤腐蚀性和出现的概率 等工程信息.     

中原油田-曲阜-济南天然气管道工程沿线土壤腐蚀性评价

依据SY／T0007—1999《钢质管道及储罐腐蚀控制工程设计规范》对中原油田-曲阜-济南天然气管道工程沿线土壤进行了腐蚀评价，指出该管道沿线土壤以中强性腐蚀为主，文章对土壤腐蚀评价过程进行了较详细的介绍。     

Nanostructured component fabrication by electron beam-physical vapor deposition

Fabrication of cost-effective, nano-grained net-shaped components has brought considerable interest to Department of Defense, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and Department of Energy. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the versatility of electron beam-physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) technology in engineering new nanostructured materials with controlled microstructure and microchemistry in the form of coatings and net-shaped components for many applications including the space, turbine, optical, biomedical, and auto industries. Coatings are often applied on components to extent their performance and life under severe environmental conditions including thermal, corrosion, wear, and oxidation. Performance and properties of the coatings depend upon their composition, microstructure, and deposition condition. Simultaneous co-evaporation of multiple ingots of different compositions in the high energy EB-PVD chamber has brought considerable interest in the architecture of functional graded coatings, nano-laminated coatings, and design of new structural materials that could not be produced economically by conventional methods. In addition, high evaporation and condensate rates allowed fabricating precision net-shaped components with nanograined microstructure for various applications. Using EB-PVD, nano-grained rhenium (Re) coatings and net-shaped components with tailored microstructure and properties were fabricated in the form of tubes, plates, and Re-coated spherical graphite cores. This paper will also present the results of various metallic and ceramic coatings including chromium, titanium carbide (TiC), titanium diboride (TiB₂), hafnium nitride (HfN), titanium-boron-carbonitride (TiBCN), and partially yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) TBC coatings deposited by EB-PVD for various applications. This paper was presented at the International Symposium on Manufacturing, Properties, and Applications of Nanocrystalline Materials sponsored by the ASM International Nanotechnology Task Force and TMS Powder Materials Committee, October 18–20, 2004, Columbus, OH.     

土壤中阴离子对碳钢腐蚀的影响

应用弱极化曲线技术和交流阻抗谱研究了土壤中C1-、SO4^2-、CO3^2-、NO3-离子对碳钢腐蚀的影响。结果表明：阴离子对碳钢腐蚀的影响是显著的。当土壤中分别添加Cl-、CO3^2-、NO3-离子时，随着阴离子含量的增大，碳钢的腐蚀速率增大，在某一离子含量时，腐蚀速率达到最大，然后腐蚀速率随着离子含量的增加而减小。在含SO4^2-离子的土壤中随着SO4^2-离子含量的增大，土壤中碳钢的腐蚀速率增大。在有四种阴离子土壤中，阻抗谱均为单容抗弧，且大都在低频区出现扩散弧。     

稳定态二氧化氯杀菌剂的制备及应用

稳定态二氧化氯(C1O2)是一新型杀菌消毒剂，具有高效、广谱、安全的特性，适用范围广，不产生对人体有害物质。介绍了稳定态ClO2的性质、检测、制备条件及其在有关领域的应用。     

Simulation of nitrogen dynamics and biomass production in winter wheat using the Danish simulation model DAISY

A dynamic simulation model for the soil plant system is described. The model includes a number of main modules, viz., a hydrological model including a submodel for soil water dynamics, a soil temperature model, a soil nitrogen model including a submodel for soil organic matter dynamics, and a crop model including a submodel for nitrogen uptake. The soil part of the model has a one-dimensional vertical structure. The soil profile is divided into layers on the basis of physical and chemical soil characteristics. The simulation model was used to simulate soil nitrogen dynamics and biomass production in winter wheat grown at two locations at various levels of nitrogen fertilization. The simulated results were compared to experimental data including concentration of inorganic nitrogen in soil, crop yield, and nitrogen accumulated in the aboveground part of the crop. Based on this validation it is concluded that the overall performance of the model is satisfactory although some minor adjustments of the model may prove to be necessary.