爆炸法消除焊接残余应力对焊接接头力学性能的影响

采用70mm厚16MnJ对接试板,研究了焊后和爆炸消除应力后两种状态焊接接头冷弯、拉伸、硬度、冲击和疲劳等力学性能的变化。结果表明:爆炸法消除焊接应力不会降低焊接接头的上述力学性能。     

Effects of coating thickness and residual stresses on the bond strength of ASTM C633-79 thermal spray coating test specimens

Wire-arc-sprayed nickel-aluminum is widely used in the aircraft industry for dimensional restoration of worn parts and as a bond coat for thermal barrier coatings and other top coats. Some repair applications require thick coatings, which often result in lower bond strength. A mechanism being investigated to ex-plain this decrease in bond strength is the free edge effect, which includes both coating residual stresses and coating thickness. The layer-removal method was used to determine experimentally the residual stresses in wire-arc-sprayed nickel-aluminum coatings of different thicknesses. Bond strength evalu-ations were performed using an improved ASTM C 633-79 test specimen. Finite-element analysis and fracture mechanics were used to investigate the effects of coating thickness and residual stress state on coating bond strength.     

核电工程材料的应力腐蚀破裂研究

采用慢应变速率试验(SSRT)和U型弯曲试验技术研究了水中杂质离子、溶解氧(DO)、外加电位以及温度等对核电工程材料304不锈钢(SS)、316SS以及A533B压力容器用钢在高温水中应力腐蚀破裂(SCC)的影响,并结合电化学测试和表面膜分析结果进行了讨论,还根据304SS的U型弯曲和SSRT结果的差异提出了SCC加速试验的选择原则建议。     

Development of low thermal expansion superalloy

Alloy 903 and Alloy 909 are well-known Fe-Co-Ni-Al-Ti-Nb alloys with controlled low thermal expan-sion, but they have some properties that can be improved. To improve stress-accelerated grain boundary oxidation embrittlement of Alloy 903 and instability of theγ phase of alloy 909, two new alloys with good stress-rupture ductility, high creep-rupture strength, high tensile strength at high temperature, and good controlled thermal expansion were developed. These property improvements were accomplished by the combination of optimizing the Fe-Co-Ni ratio of the matrix and stabilizing theγ phase with the addition of aluminum.     

固着磨料研磨对工件表面残余应力的影响

探讨了固着磨研磨中磨料尺寸，研磨压力和研磨速度等研磨参数对工件已加工表面残余应力的影响规律。发现了固着磨料研磨使工件表面产生的残余应力为压应力。当磨料尺寸增大，研磨速度提高时，残余应力增大。其增大速度随磨料尺寸增大而减小，随研磨速度的提高而增加。     

焊接残余应力形成机制与消除原理若干问题的讨论

针对目前存在的一些对焊接残余应力形成机制和消除原理传统理论的质疑和不同观点，采用两端拘束杆件和长板各焊接的一维简化模型，分析比较了经受加热与冷却热循环以及直接从高温冷却下来时的应变历史和残余应力产生的机制。结果表明，前者存在残余压缩塑性应变，后者存在残余热收缩应变。两者对产生残余应力的作用完全是等价的，为了统一概念，建议引入固有应变理论。固有应变包括焊接过程中产生的塑性应变，热应变和相变应变，残余应力是在固有应变源作用下构件自动平衡的结果，消除焊接残余应力必须去除固有应变源，此外对若干容易混淆的问题进行了讨论。     

磁流变体流变学特性研究

本文对所研制的矿物油价质和硅油介质磁流变体样品的零场粘度，磁流变性能，示功及速率特性进行了系统的测试和分析，并对其影响因素进行了详细的讨论.     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF CONTROLLING IN TITANIUM ALLOY SHEETS WELDING RESIDUAL STRESS BY TRAILING PEENING

It is a promising and new technology to apply welding with trailing peening to control welding stress and distortion of titanium alloy. Numerical simulation of conventional welding and welding with trailing peening of the titanium alloy sheet is carried out, using nonlinear finite element theory and the engineering analysis software MARC. The result shows that welding with trailing peening technology reduces longitudinal residual stress in welding joint effectively, and it is more effective to reduce residual stress to peen the weld than to peen the weld toe. It is a effective result that other technolooy and method used in welding can never achieved.     

Q235-304L电偶对在Na2S溶液中的电偶腐蚀行为研究

用电化学法和浸泡法研究了Q235-304L电偶对在3种不同浓度的Na2S溶液中的电偶腐蚀行为,用SEM观察试样的表面形貌.结果表明:在3种溶液中Q235钢的阳极过程均为混合控制,而304L的阴阳极过程均为电化学控制;偶接后Q235钢表面阳极金属的溶解过程与阴极过程同时进行,其阳极溶解电流大于电偶电流值;电偶腐蚀效应随阴阳极面积比的增大而增大;随着S2-浓度的升高,电偶对中Q235钢的腐蚀速率减小,电偶腐蚀效应也随之降低.     

应力对SnPb基复合钎料钎焊接头蠕变性能的影响

采用搭接面积为1mm^2的单搭接钎焊接头，研究了恒定温度下，应力对纳米颗粒增强的SnPb基复合钎料钎焊接头的蠕变寿命的影响。结果表明，纳米颗粒增强的SnPb基复合钎料的蠕变抗力优于传统SnPb钎料。同时钎焊接头的蠕变寿命随应力增加而降低，且应力对复合钎料钎焊接头蠕变寿命的影响较传统63Sn37Pb钎料明显。