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71.
闪锌矿(110)表面离子吸附的动力学模拟 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
为了查清高碱电位环境对闪锌矿表面性质抑制作用的根本原因 ,采用C2 Soterware分子力场中的万能力场方法 ,对闪锌矿 (110 )表面CaOH 和OH-两种离子的吸附进行了动力学模拟 ,并对吸附能和吸附质量云图进行了分析。模拟结果表明 ,相对于OH-来说 ,CaOH 在闪锌矿 (110 )表面的吸附能更负 ,吸附量更大。由此可知 ,这些吸附在表面的离子又与OH-和硫化矿氧化产物产生的SO2 -4等离子作用形成不溶性亲水表面产物 ,从而导致矿物受到抑制 ,这也正是高碱电位调控成功的原因之一。 相似文献
72.
陈文礼 《单片机与嵌入式系统应用》2013,(10):54-56
介绍一种便携式多气体检测仪的设计方案,使用PIC18LF6620作为核心处理器,同时连续检测O2、CO、H2S、CH4四种气体的浓度。详细介绍了气体传感器工作原理及其信号处理电路。经过实际测试,该检测仪具有体积小、重量轻、灵敏度高、响应速度快、测量精确等优点。 相似文献
73.
Li He Hongzhen Su Zhengping Li Hong Liu Wenzhong Shen 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(17):2213963
Colloidal lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots (QDs), which possess quantum confinement effect and processing compatibility with perovskite, are regarded as an excellent material for optimizing perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the existing PSCs optimized by PbS QDs are still facing the challenges of poor performance of the charge transport layers, low utilization in the near-infrared (NIR) region, and unsuitable energy level alignment, which limit the improvement of power conversion efficiency (PCE). Herein, a synchronous optimization strategy is realized via simultaneously introducing PbS QDs into SnO2 electron transport layer and employing rare-earth-doped PbS QDs (Eu:PbS QDs) film with hydrophobic chain ligands as the NIR light-absorping layer and hole transport layer (HTL) of devices. PbS QDs effectively decrease the density of trap states by passivating defects. Eu:PbS QDs film with adjustable bandgap is employed as an absorption layer to broaden the NIR spectral absorption. The well-matched energy level between Eu:PbS QDs layer and perovskite layer implies efficient hole transfer at the interface. The successful synchronous optimization greatly elevates all photovoltaic parameters, reaching a maximum PCE of 23.27%. This PCE is the highest for PSCs utilizing PbS QDs material in recent years. The optimized PSCs retain long-term moisture and light stability. 相似文献
74.
Zhuoran Lv Baixin Peng Ximeng Lv Yusha Gao Keyan Hu Wujie Dong Gengfeng Zheng Fuqiang Huang 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(16):2214370
Alloying-type metal sulfides with high theoretical capacities are promising anodes for sodium-ion batteries, but suffer from sluggish sodiation kinetics and huge volume expansion. Introducing intercalative motifs into alloying-type metal sulfides is an efficient strategy to solve the above issues. Herein, robust intercalative In S motifs are grafted to high-capacity layered Bi2S3 to form a cation-disordered (BiIn)2S3, synergistically realizing high-rate and large-capacity sodium storage. The In S motif with strong bonding serves as a space-confinement unit to buffer the volume expansion, maintaining superior structural stability. Moreover, the grafted high-metallicity Indium increases the bonding covalency of Bi S, realizing controllable reconstruction of Bi S bond during cycling to effectively prevent the migration and aggregation of atomic Bi. The novel (BiIn)2S3 anode delivers a high capacity of 537 mAh g−1 at 0.4 C and a superior high-rate stability of 247 mAh g−1 at 40 C over 10000 cycles. Further in situ and ex situ characterizations reveal the in-depth reaction mechanism and the breakage and formation of reversible Bi S bonds. The proposed space confinement and bonding covalency enhancement strategy via grafting intercalative motifs can be conducive to developing novel high-rate and large-capacity anodes. 相似文献
75.
Trifunctional Electrocatalysts: Graphene Composites with Cobalt Sulfide: Efficient Trifunctional Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reversible Catalysis and Hydrogen Production in the Same Electrolyte (Small 33/2017)
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76.
Graphene Composites with Cobalt Sulfide: Efficient Trifunctional Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reversible Catalysis and Hydrogen Production in the Same Electrolyte
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Nan Wang Ligui Li Dengke Zhao Xiongwu Kang Zhenghua Tang Shaowei Chen 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2017,13(33)
Nitrogen and sulfur‐codoped graphene composites with Co9S8 (NS/rGO‐Co) are synthesized by facile thermal annealing of graphene oxides with cobalt nitrate and thiourea in an ammonium atmosphere. Significantly, in 0.1 m KOH aqueous solution the best sample exhibits an oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity that is superior to that of benchmark RuO2 catalysts, an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity that is comparable to that of commercial Pt/C, and an overpotential of only ?0.193 V to reach 10 mA cm?2 for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). With this single catalyst for oxygen reversible electrocatalysis, a potential difference of only 0.700 V is observed in 0.1 m KOH solution between the half‐wave potential in ORR and the potential to reach 10 mA cm?2 in OER; in addition, an overpotential of only 450 mV is needed to reach 10 mA cm?2 for full water splitting in the same electrolyte. The present trifunctional catalytic activities are markedly better than leading results reported in recent literature, where the remarkable trifunctional activity is attributed to the synergetic effects between N,S‐codoped rGO, and Co9S8 nanoparticles. These results highlight the significance of deliberate structural engineering in the preparation of multifunctional electrocatalysts for versatile electrochemical reactions. 相似文献
77.
78.
为了提高聚吡咯(PPy)的光电性能,通过界面聚合-原位法制备了PPy/Cd S复合薄膜材料,用红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、热重分析等方法对产物进行了表征。制备的PPy/Cd S薄膜结构平整,投料比对Cd S纳米棒尺度有明显影响。用紫外吸收、Z-扫描技术初步研究了PPy/Cd S的非线性光学(NLO)性质。PPy/Cd S具有明显的饱和吸收和非线性负折射。PPy/Cd S(摩尔比10∶1)薄膜的非线性折射率是PPy薄膜的2.4倍,三阶非线性极化率是PPy的2.1倍,说明PPy/Cd S薄膜具有良好的三阶NLO性能。该复合材料在光限幅等光电领域具有潜在的应用价值。 相似文献
79.
Mesoporous Hollow Sb/ZnS@C Core–Shell Heterostructures as Anodes for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries
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Shihua Dong Caixia Li Zhaoqiang Li Luyuan Zhang Longwei Yin 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2018,14(16)
Combining the advantage of metal, metal sulfide, and carbon, mesoporous hollow core–shell Sb/ZnS@C hybrid heterostructures composed of Sb/ZnS inner core and carbon outer shell are rationally designed based on a robust template of ZnS nanosphere, as anodes for high‐performance sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). A partial cation exchange reaction based on the solubility difference between Sb2S3 and ZnS can transform mesoporous ZnS to Sb2S3/ZnS heterostructure. To get a stable structure, a thin contiguous resorcinol‐formaldehyde (RF) layer is introduced on the surface of Sb2S3/ZnS heterostructure. The effectively protective carbon layer from RF can be designed as the reducing agent to convert Sb2S3 to metallic Sb to obtain core–shell Sb/ZnS@C hybrid heterostructures. Simultaneously, the carbon outer shell is beneficial to the charge transfer kinetics, and can maintain the structure stability during the repeated sodiation/desodiation process. Owing to its unique stable architecture and synergistic effects between the components, the core–shell porous Sb/ZnS@C hybrid heterostructure SIB anode shows a high reversible capacity, good rate capability, and excellent cycling stability by turning the optimized voltage range. This novel strategy to prepare carbon‐layer‐protected metal/metal sulfide core–shell heterostructure can be further extended to design other novel nanostructured systems for high‐performance energy storage devices. 相似文献
80.
Hierarchical CdS Nanorod@SnO2 Nanobowl Arrays for Efficient and Stable Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation
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An efficient photoanode based on CdS nanorod@SnO2 nanobowl (CdS NR@SnO2 NB) arrays is designed and fabricated by the preparation of SnO2 nanobowl arrays via nanosphere lithography followed by hydrothermal growth of CdS nanorods on the inner surface of the SnO2 nanobowls. A photoelectrochemical (PEC) device constructed by using this hierarchical CdS NR@SnO2 NB photoanode presents significantly enhanced performance with a photocurrent density of 3.8 mA cm?2 at 1.23 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) under AM1.5G solar light irradiation, which is about 2.5 times higher than that of CdS nanorod arrays. After coating with a thin layer of SiO2, the photostability of the CdS NR@SnO2 NB arrays is greatly enhanced, resulting in a stable photoanode with a photocurrent density of 3.0 mA cm?2 retained at 1.23 V versus the RHE. The much improved performance of the CdS NR@SnO2 NB arrays toward PEC hydrogen generation can be ascribed to enlarged surface area arising from the hierarchical nanostructures, improved light harvesting owing to the NR@NB architecture containing multiple scattering centers, and enhanced charge separation/collection efficiency due to the favorable CdS–SnO2 heterojunction. 相似文献