1860MPa级1×19—28.6低松弛预应力钢绞线研制

介绍1860 MPa级1×19—28.6低松弛预应力钢绞线的研制过程。试验选用抗拉强度为1300 MPa、断面收缩率大于30%的φ14 mm82B专用盘条;将盘条在质量分数15%～20%盐酸溶液中去除氧化铁皮后,进入磷酸二氢锌为主液的槽中进行磷化处理,然后浸入90～100℃的皂液中皂化,最后在100℃左右的烘箱中烘干;拉拔钢丝时严格按盘条轧制方向顺向拉拔。给出捻制稳定化工艺参数:捻距400 mm,捻制速度25 m/min,张力330 kN,温度385～390℃。试验结果表明,采用上述工艺研制的钢绞线抗拉强度为1 868～1 904 MPa,延伸率为6.0%～8.5%,松弛率为1.6%,各项性能指标完全符合企业标准。     

Preparation and characterisation of water-soluble phytosterol nanodispersions

The purpose of this study was to prepare and characterise water-soluble phytosterol nanodispersions for food formulation. The effects of several factors were examined: four different types of organic phases (hexane, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol and acetone), the organic to aqueous phase ratio and conventional homogenisation vs. high-pressure homogenisation. We demonstrated the feasibility of phytosterol nanodispersions production using an emulsification–evaporation technique. The results showed that hexane was able to produce the smallest particle size at a mean diameter of approximately 50 nm at monomodal distribution. Phytosterol nanodispersions prepared with a higher homogenisation pressure and a higher organic to aqueous phase ratio resulted in significantly larger phytosterol nanoparticles (P < 0.05). Phytosterol loss after high-pressure homogenisation ranged from 3% to 28%, and losses increased with increasing homogenisation pressure. Elimination of the organic phase by evaporation resulted in a phytosterol loss of 0.5–9%.     

Evaluation of particle recovery from microalgae

Coccoliths are micro-structured biomineral particles found in cell protective covering layers of coccolithophore species. They are mainly composed of CaCO₃ and their individual crystal entities are arranged in such a way that they construct complex and unique structures. This complexity is found down to the individual particle level and appears to have promising properties to offer. This study focuses on the essential step prior to any kind of implementation, which is the recovery of the material. It summarizes cleaning protocols found in literature, compares them for the first time for the same freshly cultivated material and addresses challenges that still need to be overcome. Further, it highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the best cleaning protocols, suggests optimizations with promising results and uses size distribution measurements to analyse the recovery efficiency. To that end, further characterization techniques, new for coccoliths, are introduced and used to improve our current knowledge of the particles behaviour.     

水平井筒气水流动规律及影响因素

由于流动方向变化及壁面流体的不断径向入流，水平井筒的气水流动规律与常规直井存在较大差异。在总结前人研究结果的基础上，优选水平井筒气液两相预测模型，并在验证模型可靠的情况下，考虑管壁入流和气液流型变化，改变气量、水量、管径、倾角、轨迹波动、气水入流位置等多个影响因素，对水平段流型、压力分布规律及影响因素进行综合预测分析，为水平气井的生产管理及后期措施优化提供依据。研究结果表明，一般生产条件下水平井筒存在分层流、间歇流和环雾流3种流型，管径和倾角对水平井筒的气、水流型影响最为明显，管壁入流对入流就地井筒流态的影响较小。水平井筒压力损失与气量、水量、轨迹上倾角及轨迹波动起伏程度呈正相关性，而与管径和下倾角呈负相关性。预测范围内，气量、轨迹上倾和管径对水平井筒压力损失的影响最为明显，是水平井筒压降的关键影响因素。随着轨迹上倾角增加，水平井筒压降随气量的变化规律发生明显反转，低气量条件下水平井筒压降随气量的减小而增加，高气量下压降随气量增加而增加。     

排尘口直径对旋风分离器壁面磨损影响的数值模拟

基于计算流体动力学(Computational fluid dynamic,CFD)的数值模拟方法,在FLUENT软件平台上,应用雷诺应力模型、离散相模型和磨损值计算模型系统地研究排尘口直径对旋风分离器壁面磨损的影响。计算结果表明,旋风分离器壁面磨损的整体变化趋势不随排尘口直径的改变而变化,都呈现局部磨损的形态。排尘口直径减小,环形空间壁面磨损值保持不变,分离空间壁面磨损值有不同程度的增加,在锥体末端附近增加幅度最大,而这种变化主要是由于排尘口直径变化后分离器内部流动结构的变化引起的。分离空间锥体末端附近壁面的严重磨损主要受气固两相的旋转速度、颗粒浓度、旋进涡核和颗粒受力情况的影响。通过研究揭示合理地进行结构设计在减少磨损中的重要作用,为旋风分离器壁面的防磨提供数值试验方法和依据。     

液气缓冲器节流阀的参数优化

在建立液气缓冲器数字仿真模型基础上，进行了节流阀主要参数的性能分析，得到阀口直径、阀芯长度、弹簧预紧力对缓冲器特性的影响规律。将这些主要影响参数设计成参变量，以缓冲效率最大为目标函数，选用改进的遗传算法进行优化计算，得到缓冲器发挥最大效能的节流阀口部分参数组合。     

带传动设计方法新探

指出了传统设计方法在设计V型带传动时的不足之处，提出了一种新的设计方法，并且通过设计实例结果的对比，充分体现了新方法的优越性。     

管壳式换热器换热管与管板胀管率的确定

对胀管率的控制进行了详细的论述,并对胀管率的计算方法进行了比较,从而提出了不同材料的胀管率的控制范围;同时对影响胀接质量的因素作了总结。     

大直径多功能汇流环的结构设计特点

介绍某大直径多功能汇流环的研制情况。论述了该汇流环在总体结构、各类环的型式和设计计算、材料选用、加工工艺等方面的创新设计特点。