煤矿机电及运输事故防治的紧迫性研究

分析了2005—2010年全国煤矿死亡事故中顶板、瓦斯、水灾、火灾、运输、机电、爆破等各类事故数占事故总数的比例及每起事故的平均死亡人数,指出运输和机电事故死亡人数分别居第3位和第5位,共占死亡总人数的13.72%;指出电气火源是引爆瓦斯的第一火源,且2010年由机电事故引发的矿井火灾占火灾事故总数的80%,得出加强煤矿机电事故防治工作是遏制瓦斯爆炸事故及矿井火灾的迫切需要的结论;最后指出,应加强机电及运输事故防治工作,以减少由煤矿机电、运输事故引发的瓦斯爆炸事故和火灾事故。     

表面贴装式永磁同步电机弱磁控制策略的研究

研究表面贴装式永磁同步电机的弱磁控制策略,提出了一种修正电流设定值的方法.该方法由两部分组成:弱磁区域的确定和设定电流修正值的计算.电机运行所在的弱磁区域由恒转矩曲线方向和电流调节器输出电压递减方向之间的夹角来确定,输出电压的递减方向信息通过梯度下降法计算得到.设定电流修正值的大小根据该弱磁区域内转矩、电压变化量的方向...     

综采工作面支架安全快速拆除新工艺

针对传统综采工作面支架拆除工艺在安全、施工速度、材料耗费等方面的不足,以张集煤矿1214(3)工作面支架拆除工程为例,介绍了一种改进的综采工作面支架安全快速拆除新工艺。该新工艺顶部采用锚梁网支护,帮部只采用锚杆支护,简化了通道支护工艺;采用多台支架作为掩护架,提高了支架拆除的安全性;通道顶板随着掩护支架的前移自行垮落,不需维护。实践证明,该综采工作面支架拆除新工艺安全、快速,取得了明显的经济和技术效益。     

基于云化ANP的巷道冒顶影响因素重要性研究

为了解巷道冒顶事故影响因素之间的关系及导致事故发生的重要性排序,根据专家评判语言的特点及各因素之间存在的语义网络联系性,提出了将云模型嵌入ANP来解决上述问题,即云化ANP模型。该模型既有云模型处理不确定信息的能力,也具有ANP处理网状因素系统的能力,尤其适合处理冒顶这类具有不确定性数据的分析问题。给出了云化ANP的构建过程和分析步骤。结合专家调查所得数据分析了影响冒顶因素的重要性排序,所举实例分析的因素重要性排序为:稳定岩层距巷道顶板表面的距离 >地下水渗水量 >巷道的跨度 >稳定岩层厚度 >顶板岩石的抗压强度 。最后将云化ANP算法应用于类似算法所处理的例子,通过这些例子的结果分析了云化ANP算法的正确性。     

The mechanical behaviour of coal with respect to CO2 sequestration in deep coal seams

Carbon dioxide displays a strong affinity for coal due to its propensity to adsorb to the coal surface. The process of CO₂ adsorption on coal causes lowering of surface energy and, it is hypothesised that an associated decrease in surface film confinement results in a decrease in material tensile resistance. Following the results of work carried out on the mechanical influence of CO₂ on brown coal under in situ conditions [Viete DR, Ranjith PG. The effect of CO₂ on the geomechanical and permeability behaviour of brown coal: implications for coal seam CO₂ sequestration. Int J Coal Geol 2006;66(3):204–16], a theoretical explanation is proposed for the perceived lack of a weakening effect with the adsorption of CO₂ to coal at significant confining pressures. We propose that at significant hydrostatic stresses, resistance to failure is otherwise provided (by external confinement) and the effects of adsorptive weakening are concealed. Our model predicts that adsorptive weakening, fracturing under in situ stresses, and associated permeability increases are not an issue for coal seam CO₂ sequestration for sufficiently deep target seams. Lowering of the elastic modulus of coal upon introduction of CO₂ may proceed by means other than surface energy lowering and could well occur irrespective of the depth of sequestration. The effect of elastic modulus lowering under in situ conditions would be beneficial for the long-term retention of sequestered gases.     

低压大型化工贮罐优化设计浅谈

大型贮罐的设计与一般压力容器有较大区别,力求归纳一下这方面的经验并结合工程实例,供广大设计和工程部门的同行借鉴。     

基于单调初等函数的缓冲算子构造

在灰色系统缓冲算子公理体系下,将缓冲算子的构建和函数联系起来,利用基本初等函数(指数函数和余切函数)构造了2大类新的缓冲算子,并研究了其特性,最后通过实例验证了所构造的缓冲算子的实用性.解决了冲击扰动系统数据序列建模预测过程中常常出现的定量预测结果与定性分析结论不符的问题.     

Deformation effect of lateral roof roadway in close coal seams after repeated mining

This paper analyzed the deformation mechanism in lateral roof roadway of the Ding Wu-3 roadway which was disturbed by repeated mining of close coal seams Wu-8 and Wu-10 in Pingdingshan No. 1 Mine. To determine the strata disturbance scope, the strata displacement angle was used to calculate the protection pillar width. A numerical model was built considering the field geological conditions. In simulation, the mining stress borderline was defined as the contour where the induced stress is 1.5 times of the original stress. Simulation results show the mining stress borderline of the lateral roadway extended 91.7 m outward after repeated mining. Then the original stress increased, deforming the roadway of interest. This deformation agreed with the in situ observations. Moreover, the strata displacement angle changed due to repeated mining. Therefore, reselection of the displacement angle was required to design the protective pillar width. Since a constant strata displacement angle was used in traditional design, the proposed method was beneficial in field cases.     

隧道洞口段不同围岩刚度下管棚的支护效果分析

以某高速公路隧道为例,采用FLAC3D有限差分程序建立考虑管棚预加固效应的三维数值仿真模型,对隧道洞口段不同围岩刚度下管棚支护体系对地层稳定的控制效果进行模拟分析.结果表明:管棚可以起到较好的荷载传递作用,有效控制开挖释放荷载引起的地层位移;土体刚度越大,地层沉降越小,管棚与土体之间的刚度比就越小,管棚的骨架作用随之逐渐减弱,相应地管棚对地层沉降的控制程度也逐渐降低.     

基于支持向量机集成算法的煤矿顶板状态检测

针对小样本、多类煤矿顶板的状态检测问题,提出了基于支持向量机集成的算法。采用深度优先搜索对支持向量机集成参数进行优化,并结合煤矿顶板敲击声信号的人耳听觉功率谱特征,对煤矿顶板中浮石、剥层等现象进行分类识别。实验表明,该算法能够对多类顶板状态进行有效分类,且识别率较高,能够作为安全开采的保障手段。