新型微孔薄膜及其复合过滤介质基本性能研究

介绍了利用凝固涂层的技术研制出综合性能良好的微孔薄膜复合过滤介质,其中的薄膜具有良好的弹性,能完全匹配基布的各种力学形变。且与基布黏合良好。说明了微孔薄膜的孔径可以人为控制,随不同的制膜条件孔径一般在1．41～9．12μm范围内变化,薄膜的孔隙度最小不低于52％,以及具有良好的耐酸碱能力和可控疏水性;同时,复合过滤介质的抗拉强度主要由基布承担,基布复合微孔薄膜后的经向、纬向断裂强度仅提高1．75％和2．38％,经向、纬向断裂伸长率提高7．14％和6．26％;复合滤布表面平整光滑,其最大静摩擦系数小于常规的机织滤布,且具有较高的透水能力。     

集成电路用纳米晶Cu-Al合金的制备及其结构、性能分析

采用大塑性变形法(SPD)制备出了集成电路用纳米晶材料,同时利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)及电子万能试验机对不同SPD方法生产的Cu-Al合金进行微结构分析及拉伸性能试验。结果表明:层错能是影响纳米晶Cu-Al合金微观结构与拉伸性能的关键性因素,纳米晶Cu-Al合金的微观结构形成机制,平均晶粒尺寸以及强塑性匹配程度均随着层错能的降低而发生改变。     

Ni/Al原子比对Cu-Ni-Al合金性能的影响

采用近平衡凝固实验,以Cu为基体原料,制备了Cu含量为90wt%,Ni/Al原子比分别为1∶3、1∶2、1∶1、2∶1和3∶1的Cu-Ni-Al合金。用光学显微镜(OM)观察不同成分的合金显微组织;利用布氏硬度仪测量了合金的硬度,并用扫描电镜得到了合金的摩擦磨损表面形貌。实验结果表明Cu-Ni-Al合金的硬度随着Ni/Al原子比的增多而逐渐增大;摩擦形貌也由粘着磨损为主转变为颗粒磨损为主。     

氧化铈对Fe55自熔合金喷焊层组织与性能的影响

通过水雾化方法制备了Fe55自熔合金粉末,并通过在粉末中加入不同稀土量用氧乙炔火焰喷焊的方法在45钢板基材表面制备合金涂层,研究了稀土氧化铈对Fe55自熔合金喷焊层的组织和性能的影响.     

Effect of boron addition on the microstructure and stress-rupture properties of directionally solidified superalloys

This study is focused on the effect of boron addition, in the range of 0.0007wt% to 0.03wt%, on the microstructure and stress-rupture properties of a directionally solidified superalloy. With increasing boron content in the as-cast alloys, there is an increase in the fraction of the γ′/γ eutectic and block borides precipitate around the γ′/γ eutectic. At a high boron content of 0.03wt%, there is precipitation of lamellar borides. Upon heat treatment, fine block borides tend to precipitate at grain boundaries with increasing boron content. Overall, the rupture life of the directionally solidified superalloy is significantly improved with the addition of nominal content of boron. However, the rupture life decreases when the boron content exceeds 0.03wt%.     

Mechanical,electrical, and thermal expansion properties of carbon nanotube-based silver and silver-palladium alloy composites

The mechanical, electrical, and thermal expansion properties of carbon nanotube（CNT）-based silver and silver–palladium（10：1, w/w） alloy nanocomposites are reported. To tailor the properties of silver, CNTs were incorporated into a silver matrix by a modified molecular level-mixing process. CNTs interact weakly with silver because of their non-reactive nature and lack of mutual solubility. Therefore, palladium was utilized as an alloying element to improve interfacial adhesion. Comparative microstructural characterizations and property evaluations of the nanocomposites were performed. The structural characterizations revealed that decorated type-CNTs were dispersed, embedded, and anchored into the silver matrix. The experimental results indicated that the modification of the silver and silver–palladium nanocomposite with CNT resulted in increases in the hardness and Young＇s modulus along with concomitant decreases in the electrical conductivity and the coefficient of thermal expansion（CTE）. The hardness and Young＇s modulus of the nanocomposites were increased by 30%？40% whereas the CTE was decreased to 50%-60% of the CTE of silver. The significantly improved CTE and the mechanical properties of the CNT-reinforced silver and silver–palladium nanocomposites are correlated with the intriguing properties of CNTs and with good interfacial adhesion between the CNTs and silver as a result of the fabrication process and the contact action of palladium as an alloying element.     

Calculation of thermodynamic parameters of Mg-Al-Y alloy

By means of Miedema formation enthalpy model with Toop model, the excess free-energy, enthalpies of formation, excess entropies and activity values of all components of Mg-Al-Y ternary alloy were calculated with computer programming. The experimental results show that enthalpies of formation, excess freeenergy and excess entropies of the ternary alloy are negative in the whole content range, the minimum values at 1 123 K are all obtained at x Al=55%, x Y=45%, x Mg=0%, which are-37.969, –30.961 kJ/mol and-6.24 J/(mol·k) respectively. Activity curves show that the activity values of Al and Y in Mg-Al-Y ternary alloy rapidly decrease with the decrease of molar fraction, the values of which are very small when the molar fraction decreases to 0.4. It means that there is a strong interaction between Al and Y and stable compounds can be form in the Mg-Al-Y ternary alloy system.     

Refinement mechanism of in-situ Al4C3 particles on AZ91 magnesium alloys

The effects of SrCO3 on the microstructure of AZ91 magnesium alloy were investigated by OM, SEM, EDS, XRD and DTA analyses. The results show that AZ91 magnesium alloy with 1.0% SrCO3 addition has the best refining effect at 730 ℃ for 20 min, the average size of the α-Mg grain in AZ91 matrix alloy is reduced from about 91 μm to 58 μm, with reduction of about 36%. Based on the analysis results of EDS, binding energy, and Gibbs free energy, it is evident that the grain is refined because of the generation of A14 C3 particles which can be used as the crystal nucleus of the magnesium alloy when SrCO 3 is added. Owing to the generation of A14C3 in AZ91 magnesium alloy, the grain boundary is pined and the grain growth is inhibited. In the accession to the Al4C3, small subcooling temperature difference leads to the formation of fine grain microstructure in alloy melt. Fine grain microstructure in AZ91 alloy melt with the addition of SrCO3 can be obtained on the condition of lower undercooling temperature according to the DTA analysis results.     

First-principles Investigation of the Structural,Electronic and Elastic Properties of Al2Ca and Al4Sr Phases in Mg-Al-Ca（Sr） Alloy

First-principles calculations have been carried out to investigate the structural stabilities, electronic structures and elastic properties of Mg17Al12, Al2Ca and Al4Sr phases. The optimized structural parameters are in good agreement with the experimental and other theoretical values. The calculated formation enthalpies and cohesive energies show that Al2Ca has the strongest alloying ability, and Al4Sr has the highest structural stability. The densities of states （DOS）, Mulliken electronic populations, and electronic charge density difference are obtained to reveal the underlying mechanism of structural stability. The bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young＇s modulus, and Poisson＇s ratio are estimated from the calculated elastic constants. The mechanical properties of these phases are further analyzed and discussed. The Gibbs free energy and Debye temperature are also calculated and discussed.