影响共混结构聚合物光电池性能的因素

共混结构聚合物光电池是一种极有前途的太阳能电池, 其性能主要由器件的开路电压Voc,短路电流Isc,填充因子FF,能量转换效率η等因素决定.笔者结合自己的实验经验,从溶剂、给体与受体材料的比例、器件后处理、电极等方面综述了这些因素对器件的性能影响,为提高聚合物光电池工艺提供了有意义的信息.     

Hematopoietic–Mesenchymal Signals Regulate the Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

It is well known that the properties of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSCs), such as their self-renewal ability and multipotency, are maintained through interactions with mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs). MSCs are rare cells that are present in the bone marrow and are useful for clinical applications due to their functional ability. To obtain the necessary number of cells, MSCs must be cultured to expand, but this causes a remarkable decrease in stem cell properties, such as multipotency and proliferation ability. In this study, we show that the c-Mpl signal, which is related to the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells, has an important effect on the proliferation and differentiation ability of MSCs. Utilizing a co-culture system comprising MSCs and HSCs, it is suggested that signaling from hematopoietic cells to MSCs supports cell proliferation. Interestingly, the enhanced proliferation ability of the HSCs was decreased in c-Mpl knock-out HSCs (c-Mpl-KO). In addition, the MSCs co-cultured with c-Mpl-KO HSCs had reduced MSC marker expression (PDGFRa and Sca-1) compared to the MSCs co-cultured with c-Mpl-wild-type HSCs. These results suggest that a hematopoietic–mesenchymal signal exists, and that the state of the HSCs is important for the stability of MSC properties.     

Modeling of Cell/Dendrite Transition During Directional Solidification of Ti-AI Alloy Using Cellular Automaton Method

Solute diffusion controlled solidification model was used to simulate the initial stage cellular to dendrite transition of Ti44Al alloys during directional solidification at different velocities. The simulation results show that during this process, a mixed structure composed of cells and dendrites was observed, where secondary dendrites are absent at facing surface with parallel closely spaced dendrites, which agrees with the previous experimental observation. The dendrite spacings are larger than cellular spacings at a given rate, and the columnar grain spacing sharply increases to a maximum as solidification advance to coexistence zone. In addition, simulation also revealed that decreasing the numbers of the seed causes the trend of unstable dendrite transition to increase. Finally, the main influence factors affecting cell/dendrite transition were analyzed, which could be the change of growth rates resulting in slight fluctuations of liquid composition occurred at growth front. The simulation results are in reasonable agreement with the results of previous theoretical models and experimental observation at low cooling rates.     

电解系列停限电后严重冷行程的不停槽处理

本文阐述了大型预焙槽系列超长时间停限电后,在电解槽电解质全部凝固于槽底、槽温降至700℃~800℃的超低温状态下,采用一系列特殊方法,对系列电解槽成功启动恢复生产,未发生一台槽停槽、漏槽,为国内电解铝厂处理类似事故总结了经验,探索出一条可行的道路。     

准噶尔盆地东部北三台地区白垩系地层沉积特征

本文通过对北三台地区白垩系层序单元的详细划分,理清了白垩系"底砾岩"的时代关系和分布特征,确定出各层序单元的沉积相类型及其展布,并探讨了本区白垩系的成藏条件和有利勘探目标.     

石化加热炉烟气脱硝技术应用探讨

介绍了我国目前的氮氧化物排放限制标准及现阶段石化行业加热炉烟气中氮氧化物的排放现状。在目前的燃烧技术条件下,燃气加热炉通过采取控制燃烧措施后烟气中的氮氧化物浓度可达到现有排放标准的要求,而燃油加热炉烟气中氮氧化物的浓度仍会超过了现有的排放标准限制。为达到排放标准要求,应采用烟气净化措施,即烟气脱硝装置。介绍了烟气脱硝技术的工作原理和适用范围,并对其在石化行业加热炉上的应用进行了探讨。     

汽油清净剂对发动机尾气排放与油耗的影响

考察了飞天牌汽油清净剂对汽车能耗及尾气排放的影响。结果表明,使用该汽油清净剂以后,汽车尾气中的CO含量下降51％－98％,HC含量下降47％－92％,汽油消耗降低6．8％－38．1％。经发动机台架试验表明其平均节油率为2．2％。     

建立空气净化工程 加快燃气汽车加气站的发展

阐述了建立空气净化工程、推动燃气汽车发展的重要性,介绍了国内外燃气汽车的发展状况,分析了当前我国液化石油气和天然气供需状况,以及车用液化石油气、天然气的发展趋势,指出了当前发展中存在的一些问题,并阐明了中国石油化工集团公司为加快燃气汽车与加气站的发展而制定的方针措施。     

不同流道质子交换膜燃料电池内传质过程的数值模拟

对采用交指型流场的质子交换膜燃料电池阴极建立了二维数学模型,利用计算流体力学的方法,模拟和研究了质子交换膜燃料电池阴极内的流动和传质过程.分别探讨了采用交指型流场和平行流场时气体在阴极扩散层中的传递机制及各组分浓度分布的特性,为燃料电池流场的设计与分析提供了参考依据.     

能量混合型燃料电池城市客车系统设计与性能测试

设计了燃料电池城市客车动力系统并对其进行了试验研究。根据动力性要求确定了驱动电机功率,针对零部件现状设计了能量混合型构型并进行了主要零部件的选择,应用车载性能测试系统对该示范车进行了动力性和经济性测试。结果表明,该示范车动力性满足城市行驶需求,经济性优于同类汽油车。