闸坝水力学特性的三维数值模拟

本文采用标准k-ε双方程紊流模型及基于水气两相流的VOF方法,运用FLOW3 D软件对闸坝进行数值模拟,得出不同水位下的闸坝泄流能力,以及不同部位的闸室及消力池水面线、流速、压力等重要水力学要素。结果表明数值计算在一定程度上可以达到模型试验的效果。     

球对称n维反应扩散方程的边界观测与输出反馈控制

许多实际系统可用n 维超球坐标系来描述, 并且系统有球对称的性质, 因而可通过研究半径方向的状态变化, 得到系统的全局动态过程. 通过将高维的对称系统转化为等价的径向一维方程, 本文采用边界Backstepping 方法设计了球对称反应扩散方程的输出反馈控制器. 使用容易测量的边界状态值, 设计了状态观测器来估计系统在空间域的所有状态, 从而实现输出反馈控制. 本文扩展了连续Backstepping 方法,提出了n维球坐标的Volterra 积分映射, 从而求出了显式表达的控制器和状态观测器. 论文用Lyapunov 函数法证明了输出反馈系统在H1范数下指数稳定, 表明状态对初值的连续依赖, 确保控制系统具有较好的性质, 不会在空间某点发散. 最后进行了数值仿真, 仿真结果表明系统在输出反馈控制律的作用下收敛到稳态值.     

Optimal boundary control of coupled parabolic PDE–ODE systems using infinite-dimensional representation

The optimal boundary control problem is studied for coupled parabolic PDE–ODE systems. The linear quadratic method is used and exploits an infinite-dimensional state-space representation of the coupled PDE–ODE system. Linearization of the nonlinear system is established around a steady-state profile. Using appropriate state transformations, the linearized system has been formulated as a well-posed infinite-dimensional system with bounded input and output operators. It has been shown that the resulting system is a Riesz spectral system. The linear quadratic control problem has been solved using the corresponding Riccati equation and the solution of the corresponding eigenvalue problem. The results were applied to the case study of a catalytic cracking reactor with catalyst deactivation. Numerical simulations are performed to illustrate the performance of the proposed controller.     

西藏萨迦县卡乌地热水的水环境效应

对西藏萨迦县卡乌村高温地热水进行实地调查,发现该地区地热水中超标(GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅱ类与WHO《饮用水水质标准》(第二版))的有害元素主要有F、B、As、Sb、Tl、Be,放射性有毒元素主要为Th、U。借助折线图、内梅罗指数法,分析冲曲河在流经该地热区前后各超标有害元素的质量浓度变化情况。结果表明,地热水严重影响了冲曲河的水质。最后,对卡乌村高温地热水的利用提出了相关建议。     

基于模糊和证据理论的行为建模

针对人类行为模型系统中存在大量的复杂任务关系和过程,系统输出的概率不确定性等问题,提出了基于Mamdani-Zadeh推理范式和D-S证据理论的建模方法.这种方法把输入空间分割成人们比较容易理解和表达问题的小区域,使用Mamdani-Zadeh和模糊D-S规则控制信度函数的输出值,从而得到了用户预期焦化元的清晰值,实现了模型系统关系、过程简单化;并通过具体例子证实了此方法的精确性和有效性。     

多元智能理论视角下的教学设计

多元智能理论自20世纪80年代中期提出后在教育界引起了很大的反响,它为我国教育教学改革提供了理论依据。文章介绍了多元智能理论,分析了多元智能理论与教学设计的关系,在此基础上进一步探讨了教学对象、教学目标、教学内容、教学媒体及教学评价等教学设计要素在多元智能理论背景下发生的新变化,以促进教学向多元智能的方向发展。     

基于灭点理论和平面控制场的相机标定方法研究

给出了一种基于灭点理论和平面控制场的相机解析自标定方法。在系统分析平面场景灭点几何的基础上,依据灭点理论并结合2维场景的共线方程严密论证和推导了平面控制场中相机外方位元素初值的实用算法。给出了一种圆形标志点的快速检测及定位方法,提出了一种基于计算可靠性矩阵QVVP的自检校光束法平差中各类观测值权值的确定方法。实验证明了该相机标定方法的正确性和有效性,为相机标定探索了一种可行的方法。     

基于置换群的遥感图像边缘检测

遥感图像在成像过程中会产生噪声,进行滤波去除噪声、从中恢复出有用图像,成为遥感图像进一步研究和应用的基础。在数学形态学的基础上引入置换群的相关理论,提出了一种结构元素变换算法,由传统形态学中单一固定结构元变换出多个形态结构元,不同形状的图像信息可选择不同形态的结构元来处理,适用于含噪遥感图像边缘检测,结果表明,算法与传统算法相比能取得较好的图像边缘处理效果。     

A model for describing and composing direction relations between overlapping and contained regions

Current models of direction relations are not designed to describe direction information inside the Minimum Bounding Rectangle (MBR) of a reference region. Thus, the direction relations between overlapping and contained regions cannot be effectively described and derived. To resolve this problem, a new model of direction relations, namely interior-boundary direction relations, is proposed in this study to describe direction concepts relative to the interior or boundary of a region, such as “east part of a region”, “west border of a region”, “a line goes through east part of a region”, and etc. By combining the interior and exterior direction relations, three types of compositions of direction relations are investigated: (1) composing two interior direction relations which can be used to derive the interior or exterior direction relations between two regions with the same parent region; (2) composing an interior direction relation with an exterior direction relation; and (3) composing an interior with an exterior direction relation. The results indicate that the new interior-boundary direction relations and its compositions with exterior direction relations are powerful in describing and deriving direction relations between overlapped and contained regions.