关于钢管混凝土浇筑产生气泡问题的试验研究

在大连期货大厦采用的小截面(600mm×600mm)方钢管混凝土柱框筒结构体系中,钢管混凝土浇筑施工工艺是项目施工组织的重要课题之一。由于截面过小,内部横隔板等结构复杂,采用传统浇筑法及顶升法均不可行,经综合分析,项目拟采用高抛免振工艺浇筑自密实混凝土。在等比例浇筑试验的过程中,发现方钢管内部构件横隔板节点下方存在气泡。针对气泡的产生机制及对结构的影响,通过进一步的试验验证以确定能否采用及如何采用高抛免振的浇筑工艺。从问题背景出发,详述试验设计、实施、结果分析及所得结论,验证减少气泡的方法以及气泡对结构受力影响不大两方面内容,为采用高抛免振的混凝土浇筑施工工艺提供重要实证依据。     

建筑物低压电气火灾智能预防系统的研制

在建筑火灾未发生或刚开始时，及时发现并实施扑救，是防止建筑火灾造成重大损失的关键。本文主要研制了一个智能火灾预防系统。该系统运用自主研发的新型火灾预防检测电缆作为主要传感器，集成智能检测模块和电脑网络技术，具有高效、经济、安全、可靠的特性。     

An ontology-based approach to conflict resolution in Home and Building Automation Systems

Ambient intelligent systems such as Home and Building Automation Systems (HBAS) are becoming evermore accepted and capable of actuating automatically on behalf of users to fulfil their requests or enable activities. However, when multiple users interact with such systems, the requirements of activities often interfere resulting in conflicting actuations which HBAS ought to automatically detect and resolve. Yet, despite recent advances in HBAS, no ambient intelligent solution has been reported that is adequately grounded on knowledge analysis.The contributions of this article are twofold. First, it reviews relevant literature on Ambient Intelligence, conflict detection, conflict resolution and knowledge representation in HBAS. Second, it proposes and validates an ontological framework for conflict detection and resolution backed by knowledge-based analysis. Effectively, the proposed solution performs automatic environment actuations maximizing users comfort and energy efficiency.     

BMS在数据中心冷冻站系统中的应用

随着国家"十二五"产业规划中经济结构转型政策的出台,云计算作为一种新兴产业得到国家的大力支持。最近几年,其发展速度异常迅猛。数据中心作为云计算的基础设施,也相应得到了快速发展。随着数据中心的规模越来越大,服务器的发热密度越来越高,能源消耗的问题日益突出。针对目前数据中心工程中被大量应用的冷冻水系统,详细描述建筑管理系统(BMS)在系统设计时应着重考虑的要点,并详细分析其控制逻辑,使得一套完整的BMS控制方案可在系统运行时发挥其巨大的作用。     

Policy options towards an energy efficient residential building stock in the EU-27

The EU-27 residential building stock offers high potential for energy efficiency gains. The policies already in place or proposed to improve the energy efficiency and thus the environmental performance focus on new buildings and major renovations of existing buildings. However, there might be additional measures that could lead to further energy efficiency improvements. In particular, the installation of roofs or windows that show a high thermal efficiency outside major renovations offer a large improvement potential. In this study, the potential environmental and economic impacts of two types of such policy options were analysed: first, measures that require high energy efficiency standards when roofs or windows have to be replaced; and, second, measures that accelerate the replacement of building elements. The results suggest that the two policies offer the potential for substantial additional energy savings. In addition, the installation of energy efficient building elements comes at negative net cost. When the replacement of building elements is accelerated, however, the additional costs do not outweigh the energy cost savings.     

A personalized measure of thermal comfort for building controls

A personalized measure for thermal comfort has been applied for use in combination with smart controls for building automation. Using data from a field study, we first show the superiority of personalized measures for thermal comfort compared to standard non-adaptive methods. Based on this knowledge we describe a methodology, using logistic regression techniques, to convert user votes to a probability of comfort. We also describe the interface used to collect the votes. We show that, for a given subject, our thermal profile converges against the probabilities found in the field study. As a case study we implemented the measure in a control algorithm to control the shading devices. The results clarify the mode of action and also show the effectiveness of the method.     

Assessment of Portuguese thermal building legislation in an energetic and environmental perspective

The aim of this study is to assess the consistency of Portuguese thermal building legislation in terms of energy and environmental performance.To illustrate this, a case study has been carried out for different scenarios of a dwelling home located in an extreme climate zone (I3, V1 north) in Portugal with a T3 typology: four occupants and net floor area of 150 m², modelled according to Regulation Thermal Performance Characteristics of Buildings and a Life Cycle Assessment approach.The results show that the Portuguese thermal building legislation can be considered consistent in terms of energy efficiency and environmental performance if we take the damage categories into account - “human health” or “ecosystem quality” or the impact category - “emission into air”. It cannot be considered consistent if we take the damage category into account - “resources” or the impact category - “CO₂ eq” (equivalent carbon dioxide emissions)/“climate change”/“global warming”.     

整合的建筑系统——常熟理工学院东湖校区化学实验楼设计

设计针对外在限制条件进行理性分析，对建筑系统进行统筹设计和优化组合从而确定基本的设计框架，并通过发挥创造性思维形成技术整合的亮点，营造了一个既尊重环境、又富于个性的校园建筑。     

Parametric Regionalism

Philip Yuan , Founding Director of Shanghai-based firm Archi-Union Architects, applies parametric techniques to his design and research in China. Here he explains how Parametricism can provide a highly adaptive and open approach to architectural knowledge and spatial organisation, accommodating regional variations in culture and environment, through an emphasis on local climate, materials and craft traditions.     

Where to for Brazil's Cities? Citizen Empowerment or Global Marketing?

An awakening interest in public space in Brazilian cities is emphasising the value of existing civic areas. Guilherme Wisnik , a critic, curator and professor at the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism of the University of São Paulo, looks at the history and potential future of Brazil's urban spaces. He highlights how despite the introduction of innovative Modernist design in the mid-20th century, which forged ‘a new relationship between architecture, urbanism and landscape design’, more recently the country's cities have been subject to the vicissitudes of market and political forces.