基于CFD技术的导管螺旋桨自动优化设计技术研究

该文开发了一种基于定常计算的导管螺旋桨自动优化设计技术.该方法综合了导管桨桨叶、导管及桨毂的几何生成、网格自动划分、优化算法和CFD分析等技术,有助于将螺旋桨理论计算推广到设计阶段.文中采用该方法计算某导管螺旋桨的改造,并与试验结果进行了比较,验证了其效果.计算结果显示,优化后的导管桨可以提供更高的推力和效率.     

A physical approach of the short-term wind power prediction based on CFD pre-calculated flow fields

A physical approach of the wind power prediction based on the CFD pre-calculated flow fields is proposed in this paper. The flow fields are obtained based on a steady CFD model with the discrete inflow wind conditions as the boundary conditions, and a database is established containing the important parameters including the inflow wind conditions, the flow fields and the corresponding wind power for each wind turbine. The power is predicted via the database by taking the Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) wind as the input data. In order to evaluate the approach, the short-term wind power prediction for an actual wind farm is conducted as an example during the period of the year 2010. Compared with the measured power, the predicted results enjoy a high accuracy with the annual Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 15.2% and the annual MAE of 10.80%. A good performance is shown in predicting the wind power’s changing trend. This approach is independent of the historical data and can be widely used for all kinds of wind farms including the newly-built wind farms. At the same time, it does not take much computation time while it captures the local air flows more precisely by the CFD model. So it is especially practical for engineering projects.     

基于CFD的新型结构静压油垫数值仿真技术

为了提高重载数控机床静压转台的承载能力和油膜刚度,提出了一种具有多环形流道油腔和阻尼型封油边结构的新型静压油垫,并对其性能进行了研究.在对静压油垫结构优化设计的基础上,利用CFD(computationalfluid dynamics)数值仿真技术,采用二维轴对称流动模型对新型结构静压油垫的流场特性进行了仿真分析,得到了新型静压油垫的内部流场特性,计算出油垫的承载能力和油膜刚度,并与单腔体、单平面封油边结构的静压油垫进行了对比.研究表明:新型静压油垫能通过在阻尼流道和阻尼槽内形成紊流,增加流动液阻,实现压力增益,并可在阻尼槽处产生局部静压效应,从而使新型结构静压油垫的承载能力和油膜刚度较传统结构静压油垫有所提高;此外,采用CFD技术有助于对复杂结构的静压油垫进行优化设计与性能计算,从而提高设计效率和计算准确性.     

汽车外场气动噪声仿真与计算

利用FLUENT软件,对汽车的外场远点噪声进行仿真计算：通过稳态计算,得出汽车车身的表面声功率和声源分布情况,对车身的噪声源进行定性分析;通过瞬态计算,得到车身外场某点噪声的声压频谱图。仿真结果表明：汽车外场气动噪声源主要来自车身前脸、后视镜、前风窗玻璃、前轮;远场点的声压级由前向后有增大的趋势,并且靠近尾部区域声压级较大,最大达90．4dB,直径10m弧线上接收点的声压级值比直径12m的要高,其差值最大达15．1dB。     

基于CFD的低比转速离心泵叶轮切割性能分析

根据现行的低比转速离心泵切割定律,对MH-46-100型低比转速离心泵叶轮外径进行3次切割,以分块非结构六面体网格划分计算区域。采用有限体积法对雷诺时均Navier-Stokes方程进行数值离散,选用RNGk-ε湍流模型结合SIMPLEC算法求解,对各个模型进行了叶轮和蜗壳相耦合的数值模拟。对性能预测结果与现行的低比转速离心泵切割定律进行对比,证明了切割定律的准确性和基于切割定律的各模型流动的相似性。同时得到了低比转速离心泵叶轮外径减小而效率升高的特点,并对比分析各个模型的流动状况。     

CFD方法在灯泡式贯流泵流量与压差关系预测中的应用

以南水北调东线工程金湖灯泡式贯流泵为例,应用标准k ε紊流模型和SIMPLEC算法对灯泡式贯流泵进水流道模型的水流流场进行CFD数值模拟,得到流量与进水流道上两测压点的压差数据,线性拟合后获得流量与压差的函数关系,与模型试验测得的结果相比两者差异很小,表明用CFD方法预测进水流道中流量与压差的关系精度较高。采用相同的CFD方法对模型放大10.33倍后得到的灯泡式贯流泵进水流道原型流场进行数值模拟,预测灯泡式贯流泵原型流量与压差的函数关系。结果表明,应用CFD方法预测大型灯泡式贯流泵的流量与进水流道上两测压点压差的关系是可行的,为低扬程水泵进水流道中流量与压差函数关系的确定提供了一条新途径。     

Investigation on mechanism of polymer filling in high-aspect-ratio trenches for through-silicon-via (TSV) application

Vacuum-assisted spin-coating is an effective polymer filling technology for sidewall insulating of through-silicon-via (TSV). This paper investigated the flow mechanism of the vacuum-assisted polymer filling process based on experiments and numerical simulation, and studied the effect of vacuum pressure, viscosity of polymer and aspect-ratio of trench on the filling performance. A 2D axisymmetric model, consisting of polymer partially filled into the trench and void at the bottom of trench, was developed for the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The simulation results indicate that the vacuum-assisted polymer filling process goes through four stages, including bubble formation, bubble burst, air elimination and polymer re-filling. Moreover, the simulation results suggest that the pressure significantly affects the bubble formation and the polymer re-filling procedure, and the polymer viscosity and the trench aspect-ratio influence the duration of air elimination.     

大颗粒气固流化床腾涌现象的数值模拟与实验研究

应用计算流体动力学(CFD)软件Fluent 6.3,采用双流体气固两相流模型,对大颗粒的腾涌流态化现象进行了实验研究和数值模拟。在内径0.03m和高0.3m的流化床内,系统考察了腾涌现象中流化状态转变、床层最大膨胀比以及压力脉动特性。通过与实验结果进行对比发现,模拟结果较准确地预测了大颗粒的腾涌流态化现象的特性。     

入口形状对旋风分离器性能的影响

为了研究入口形状对旋风分离器性能的影响,采用计算流体力学(CFD)软件对旋风分离器的压力场和颗粒的分离情况进行考察。研究结果表明:入口形状会显著影响旋风分离器的压降,在圆形、矩形、三角形和等腰梯形几种不同的入口形式中,长宽比为2的矩形入口压降最大,长宽比为1.5的矩形入口的压降最低;对于矩形入口,随着长宽比的增大,压降是先降低再升高;入口形状对粒径大于2.5μm粒子的分级效率影响不大,当粒径小于2.5μm时,圆形入口的分离效率最差,梯形入口的分离效率最好;梯形入口会改善旋风分离器顶部流场和灰斗附近流场,使颗粒运行平稳,分离效率较高。     

发动机气道CFD分析流程自动化研究

在成熟的发动机气道CFD分析流程的基础上,基于CFD分析软件Star-ccm+和Java编程语言,提出并探索了发动机气道CFD分析流程自动化的解决方案,并开发出了简单的气道CFD自动化分析平台,可在一定程度上提高气道CFD分析的效率.该方案对其他CFD分析问题的流程自动化也具有借鉴意义.