Computational study of effects of traffic force on the ventilation in highway curved tunnels

A computational study using dynamic mesh method was carried out to investigate the effects of traffic force caused by a moving vehicle on ventilation in a straight road tunnel and several curved road tunnels with various radii. It has been found that the effect of the radius of the curved tunnel on the traffic force is significant, especially in a curved tunnel with a smaller radius. The traffic force induced by a moving vehicle and the effective drag coefficient increase with the decrease of the radius of the tunnel. The difference between the traffic force in curved tunnels and that in a straight tunnel is negligible when the radius is greater than 2000 m. The static pressure around the vehicle is significantly lower than it is away from vehicle due to the combination of the boundary layer separation and the airflow retardation. And the lowest value occurs at the front of the vehicle. With the decrease of the radius of curved tunnels, the suction around and behind the vehicle is obviously subjected to the limited space due to a bigger vortex approximately approaching the right concave wall and this consequently causes a lower static pressure and a lower dynamic pressure.     

落地式拱形体育场看台挑篷结构CFD分析

以某后端开口的落地式拱形体育场看台挑篷为背景.采用计算流体力学(CFD)软件Fluent得到该结构的风压力、风压系数分布以及结构附近的流场分布.对风压和流场分布进行r详细的描述和讨论,发现这种挑篷形式与一般悬挑式体育场看台挑篷类似,最不利工况为风从前缘正面吹来对屋盖造成的强大上吸力.在实际设计中挑篷体埠!系数可分别取为...     

On the effect of turbulent intensity towards the accuracy of the zero-equation turbulence model for indoor airflow application

The zero-equation turbulence model for indoor airflow applications proposed by Chen and Xu [4] has obtained immense popularity amongst the CFD practitioners in HVAC industry. A uniform turbulent intensity of 10% has been assumed in their model. In this paper, following the analogy of Chen and Xu [4] in deriving the coefficient of their zero-equation turbulence model (0.03874) which is indeed expressed as a function of turbulent intensity, the effect of turbulent intensity value assumed in the model towards the solution accuracy is investigated in this paper. Three indoor airflow cases, i.e. forced convection, natural convection and mixed convection problems are studied. It has been discovered that as the assumed uniform turbulent intensity T_i is reduced, the solution accuracy is significantly improved and the prediction comes closer to those of the two-equation standard k-? model, LES model as well as the experimental data.     

Evaluating of air flow movements and thermal comfort in a model room with Euler equation: Two dimensional study

This paper presents the results of a study that consists of estimating the temperature distribution and air flow movement in a model room with a numerical model based on the Euler equations. Numerical results obtained for two scenarios of ventilation and heating are compared with the predictions of a Navier–Stokes model, as well as with experimental results. A comparison of the local thermal comfort indices PMV and PPD obtained experimentally and numerically is also presented. Results show that the Euler model is capable of properly estimating the temperature distribution, the air movement and the comfort indices in the room. Furthermore, the use of Euler equations allows a reduction of computational time in the order of 30% compared to the Navier–Stokes modeling.     

Modelling and simulation of the near-wall velocity of a turbulent ceiling attached plane jet after its impingement with the corner

At present, ceiling-mounted diffusers are very popular for indoor air distribution, particularly in offices, owing to greater efficiency in the distribution of the air supply and a more comfortable indoor environment. The objective of this study is to construct an effective model to design the indoor airflow of an attached plane jet after its impingement with the corner in a room. In this study, a full-scale test facility was set up to obtain detailed experimental data. One commercial CFD tool, CFX 11.0, was used to simulate the air velocity distribution of an attached plane air jet bounded by the ceiling and an insulated wall. One semi-empirical model was also constructed to predict the impingement jet velocity. The results show that bout the semi-empirical model and CFX 11.0 were able to predict the maximum velocity of an impinging jet at low Reynolds numbers, 1000 and 2000, with an inaccuracy of ±11%. However, the semi-empirical model could be more conveniently used to predict the maximum jet velocity decay after its impingement the corner in a room than CFD simulation in terms of accuracy and the time required to design the indoor airflow pattern.     

Benchmark experiments for moisture transfer modelling in air and porous materials

The presence of hygroscopic materials has a large impact on the moisture balance of buildings. Nowadays, HAM (Heat, Air and Moisture) models are widely used to investigate the role of hygroscopic materials on the performance of buildings, i.e. on the building envelope, the indoor climate and valuable objects stored within the building. Recently, these HAM models are being coupled to CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) models to study the moisture exchange between air and porous materials on a local scale (microclimates), or to BES (Building Energy Simulation) models which focus on the interaction between air and porous materials at building level. Validation of these numerical codes is essential to gain confidence in the codes. However, available experimental data are rather scarce.     

CFD modeling of snowdrift around a building: An overview of models and evaluation of a new approach

The first part of this paper provides an overview of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling of snowdrift around a building by reviewing previous research including the authors’ in order to clarify its applicability and limitations. It is clarified that a quantitative validation study in particular by predicting snow depth distribution near a building is not enough, even though many models have been proposed. The latter part presents the results of CFD prediction of snowdrift around a cubic building model using a new approach of a snowdrift model based on experimental and numerical studies by the authors. The numerical results are compared with data obtained from detailed field measurements and previous CFD in order to confirm the accuracy of the new model. This new approach shows good correspondence with results obtained from field measurements and wind tunnel experiments in terms of not only snowdrift patterns but also quantitative distribution of snow depth.     

不同导流筒结构的调浆搅拌槽流场分析

导流筒是调浆搅拌槽的重要部件之一,首先分析了几种常见调浆搅拌槽的导流筒结构特点,运用CFD数值分析的方法分析了常见导流筒调浆搅拌槽的流场。针对目前调浆搅拌槽大型化的发展趋势,分别对适用于大流量工况的裙式导流筒和BK型导流筒的调浆搅拌槽结构以及流场特点进行了分析,为调浆搅拌槽的设计与优化提供决策依据。     

基于CFD的电液主控阀阀芯内部流场数值分析

以液压支架用的电液主控阀为研究对象,对其主阀芯进行了详细的流场模型建立,采用CFD方法对主阀芯内部流场进行了仿真分析,得到主阀芯内的流体压力、速度矢量与湍动能云图。发现主阀芯内的流场规律,为改进优化阀的性能提供了有利的依据。     

密闭长管内甲烷-空气爆炸火焰传播数值模拟

用LES湍流模型与预混燃烧模型对直径 D=104 mm,长度 L=2 400 mm的圆柱形容器内甲烷-空气预混爆炸进行了数值模拟,模拟最大爆炸压力与实验结果吻合。结果表明,混合气体被引燃后,火焰速度快速增加,接下来火焰速度突然下降;火焰传播过程中出现郁金香火焰,它的形成与中心区域逆流和容器壁的相互作用有关;在郁金香型火焰面后出现涡团,该涡团对层流燃烧转变为湍流燃烧起到重要作用。研究内容揭示了密闭长管内气体爆炸火焰传播规律。