Optical spectroscopy of single Cd0.6Zn0.4Te/ZnTe quantum dots on Si substrate

Microphotoluminescence (μ-PL) measurements were carried out to investigate the optical properties of single Cd_0.6Zn_0.4Te/ZnTe quantum dots (QDs) grown on Si (001) substrate by using molecular beam epitaxy. The high quality of single Cd_0.6Zn_0.4Te/ZnTe QDs is witnessed by resolution-limited emission, negligible background and absence of measurable spectral jitter or blinking. Polarization-dependent and power-dependent μ-PL spectroscopy measurements were performed to identify the exciton, the biexciton, and the charged exciton in the emission spectra of single QDs. Furthermore a weak linearly polarized line is observed on the low energy side of the neutral exciton and is ascribed to dark exciton recombination.     

In vitro digestion and DGT techniques for estimating cadmium and lead bioavailability in contaminated soils: influence of gastric juice pH

A sensitivity analysis was conducted on an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion test (i) to investigate the influence of a low variation of gastric juice pH on the bioaccessibility of Cd and Pb in smelter-contaminated soils (F_B, using the unified bioaccessibility method UBM) and fractions of metals that may be transported across the intestinal epithelium (F_A, using the diffusive gradient in thin film technique), and (ii) to provide a better understanding of the significance of pH in health risk assessment through ingestion of soil by children. The risk of metal exposure to children (hazard quotient, HQ) was determined for conditions that represent a worst-case scenario (i.e., ingestion rate of 200 mg day^− 1) using three separate calculations of metal daily intake: estimated daily intake (EDI), bioaccessible EDI (EDI-F_B), and oral bioavailable EDI (EDI-F_A). The increasing pH from 1.2 to 1.7 resulted in: (i) no significant variation in Cd-F_B in the gastric phase but a decrease in the gastrointestinal phase; (ii) a decrease in soluble Pb in the gastric phase and a significant variation in Pb-F_B in the gastrointestinal phase; (iii) a significant decrease in Cd-F_A and no variation in Pb-F_A; (iv) no change in EDI-F_B and EDI-F_A HQs for Cd; (v) a significant decrease in EDI-F_B HQs and no significant variation in EDI-F_A HQ for Pb. In the analytical conditions, these results show that risk to children decreases when the bioavailability of Pb in soils is taken into account and that the studied pH values do not affect the EDI-F_A HQs. The present results provide evidence that the inclusion of bioavailability analysis during health risk assessment could provide a more realistic estimate of Cd and Pb exposure, and opens a wide field of practical research on this topic (e.g., in contaminated site management).     

闪锌矿中镉、铁的分布特征及其地质意义——以青海锡铁山铅锌矿床为例

文章以青海锡铁山铅锌矿床为例,重点研究了闪锌矿中镉、铁的分布规律,对比分析了主要矿体中闪锌矿、不同矿石类型中闪锌矿、主要载体矿物中闪锌矿及闪锌矿晶体中的镉、铁分布,及其所蕴含的地质意义.从矿物学研究角度提供了矿床初始成矿时赋矿层发生明显倒转的证据,推测了不同矿石类型以及主要载体矿物的成矿温度序列,结合流体包衷体研究,提...     

不同镉暴露时间对鲫鱼幼体肝脏生理生化指标的影响

以幼龄鲫鱼 (carassiusauratus)为研究对象 ,研究在镉离子低浓度 ( 0 .0 1mg/l)暴露下 ,其肝脏中抗氧化系统 (过氧化氢酶 (CAT) ,超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) ,谷胱甘肽还原硫转移酶 (GST)的活性 ) ,随暴露时间 ( 0天 ,1天 ,2天 ,4天 ,8天 ,2 0天 ,3 2天 ,5 0天 )的变化趋势。在本实验中 ,SOD活性始终被抑制 ,而CAT和GST活性则先被激活后被抑制。GST活性在第一天时就达到最大值 ,而CAT则在前四天不断被激活 ,然后又被显著抑制。这三种酶对镉暴露的敏感性顺序为SOD >GST >CAT。其中SOD最为敏感 ,是一种很有前途的水生生态系统中镉离子的生物标志物     

Direct determination of copper,lead and cadmium in aniseed spirits by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

Direct determination of copper, lead and cadmium by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry in aniseed spirits was proposed. The methods were validated by studying quality parameters such as trueness, precision, linearity and sensitivity. Recoveries ranging between 96% and 104% were obtained from spiked samples at several concentration levels. Repeatability was less than 5% and intermediate precision was less than 8%. The procedure is fast and shows limits of detection of 0.6, 0.7 and 0.04 μg l⁻¹ for Cu, Pb and Cd, respectively. Samples were just diluted in a water/ethanol/nitric acid mixture. Cu was present at higher concentrations, with values in the range 6–473 μg l⁻¹. Minor levels of Pb and Cd were present with concentrations of less than 6 and 1.4 μg l⁻¹, respectively.     

2018-2020年北京市售蟹类镉含量调查及评价

目的 抽测2018-2020年北京市售蟹类中镉含量并进行评价,为蟹类的质量安全性评价提供基础数据.方法 采用随机采样的方法,采集北京市售常见蟹类,采用原子吸收光谱法对蟹中的镉含量进行检测;采用靶标危害系数法(THQ)评估人体每日通过蟹类摄入重金属所带来的健康风险.结果 2018-2020年共采集蟹类样品83份,重金属镉...     

粘土矿物对重金属镉的吸附研究

通过等温吸附试验,研究了粘土矿物膨润土、海泡石、凹凸棒石对Cd^2 的吸附情况,并与土壤对Cd^2 的吸附情况进行了对比。试验表明,几种粘土矿物对Cd^2 有很好的吸附作用,可用于重金属污染土壤的治理。pH值是影响吸附效果的一个重要因素。     

载镉废啤酒酵母中金属镉的回收

以水洗废啤酒酵母为吸附剂,对废水中镉离子进行生物吸附及固液分离后,获得载镉废啤酒酵母。采用焙烧-酸浸-置换法回收"载镉菌体上的镉",在700℃焙烧24 h,菌渣中镉富集比为31.72,烧渣经15 g/L的硫酸、温度85℃条件下,浸出2 h,再用锌粒置换,得海绵镉,镉总回收率在98%以上。     

碲锌镉晶片的机械化学磨抛分析

对<111>方向的三块碲锌镉晶片进行了不同的机械磨抛、化学机械抛光、化学抛光,在相同的测量条件下用三维形貌干涉仪进行表面监测.比较了碲锌镉晶片不同的磨抛方法对碲锌镉晶片表面机械损伤的情况,开展了碲锌镉晶片不同的磨抛方法对损伤的去除程度的对比实验,进行了碲锌镉晶片表面粗糙度及平整度实现的研究.     

Synthesis of monodisperse CdS nanowires and their photovoltaic applications

Cadmium sulphide (CdS) nanowires with a monodisperse diameter of 3.6 nm and an aspect ratio of 10–170 were successfully synthesized using a simple and reproducible hot coordinating solvents method. The morphology and optical properties of the CdS nanocrystals were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorption spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. It was found that using a long alkyl chain phosphonic acid-octadecylphosphonic acid (ODPA) causes a low diffusion rate and low reactivity which help to control the morphology of the nanocrystals. The timing of the injection process was also found to have critical effect on the morphology of the nanocrystals. Sharp peaks in both the UV–Vis absorption and PL spectra indicate that the size distribution of the diameter is nearly monodisperse. The photovoltaic properties of photovoltaic devices made with a blend of our nanowires and poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) were also investigated. Devices made with the nanowires were found to have double the I_sc observed in devices made with lower aspect ratio CdS nanorods. The possible reason of low photocurrent and high V_oc is maybe due to the presence of ligand in the nanocrystals.