矢量传感器误差校正与补偿

当阵列模型存在误差时,子空间类方法的高分辨性能会显著下降,因此必须进行有效的校正。由于矢量天线本身的复杂性,其相位误差很难精确校准且原有的基于标量天线相位误差的估计方法已经不再适应于矢量天线。该文在到达角已知情况下,给出了一种估计矢量天线阵列相位误差的新方法,并导出了各通道相位误差的计算公式。最后的数值模拟结果说明了本文方法是简单有效的。     

结合集成比例训练的彩色JPEG图像隐写分析

该文提出一种YCbCr颜色空间的彩色JPEG图像隐写分析方法。该方法中的特征包括通道内特征和通道间特征,首先从Y通道提取Markov特征,扩展DCT特征以及共生矩阵特征构成通道内特征集合,通道内特征可以有效捕捉到Y通道内DCT系数之间的相关性;然后对Y通道进行下采样,从采样平面与CbCr平面相互之间的差分平面上提取特征构成通道间特征集合,通道间特征可以捕捉到两两通道之间的相关性。由于通道内特征和通道间特征在分类性能上有着较大差别,在分类阶段由通道内特征和通道间特征分别训练子分类器,通过调整两类子分类器的比例,使用多数投票方式来合成集成判决结果,最终获得最佳的检测性能。实验结果表明,该方法不仅适合小嵌入率的彩色JPEG图像,而且在性能上优于已有的JPEG图像隐写分析方法。     

智能仪器中数字校准技术的研究

嵌入了微处理器的智能仪器的数字校准,是采用软件方法实现仪器的零值误差和幅值系数的校准。零值误差的校准,应根据A/D转换器不同的正负值输出方式采取不同的处理方法。幅值系数k的取值范围一般在0.97~1.03之间可调,且k的字长应保证其小数部分改变一个LSB时,仪器显示值的变化不超过±1个字。另外,校准参数的保护、校准用的人机交互界面的形成,都是不容忽视的环节。     

FC-16B催化剂在加氢裂化装置上的应用

介绍了中国石油大庆石化公司炼油厂加氢裂化装置概况、主要技术特点及工艺流程,探讨了装置开工过程,包括催化剂的装填、干燥、硫化、钝化、原料油切换等的各个主要节点,并通过标定对FC-16B催化剂的处理能力、操作参数、物料平衡、产品收率、装置能耗及设备运行状况进行考察。标定和运行结果表明,FC-16B催化剂性能良好,对原料适应性强,加工方案灵活,产品质量优良且分布合理,液体收率、加工损失率都在指标要求范围内,能耗远低于设计指标。     

Performance evaluation of three optical particle counters with an efficient “multimodal” calibration method

The sizing accuracies of two widely used yet hitherto unevaluated optical particle counters (OPCs—Grimm Model 1.109 and Palas Model WELAS 2100) as well as one high-resolution, non-commercial OPC were evaluated. The measured data were compared to scattering intensity calculations based on Mie theory. Additionally, the counting efficiency for all three counters was measured, as was the influence of coincidence effects for the OPC with the lowest (manufacturer specified) upper concentration limit.Beside the traditional polystyrene latex calibration, a little-known, very fast and precise “multimodal” calibration method was used, which is based on the simultaneous generation of up to eight sharp multiple-charge modes from polydisperse di-ethyl-hexyl-sebacate (DEHS) particles by electrical mobility classification.     

机器视觉系统中摄像机定标策略

摄像机定标是从拍摄的二维图像中获取三维信息必不可少的步骤，一直为机器视觉领域的研究热点之一。本文阐述了几种定标方法的基本原理，并论述了如何在工业视觉系统中根据不同的任务来选择不同的定标方法问题。     

A compilation of patents related to mechanical metrology standards and high-precision measurement of mechanical quantities

The paper aims to provide a source of information regarding the measurement of physical quantities, specifically those related to mechanical metrology. Since there is a lack of literature reviews referencing patents as a way of gathering useful information, we performed a systematic search for patents that could solve practical problems in this field. The methodology used focused on one of the most comprehensive patent database, Orbit.com, covering about 70,000,000 documents. This text gives a quick look at the fundamentals of the measurement literature and then points out the state-of-the-art concerning patents in the area of study. Additionally, data analysis shows the trends in the last five decades of patents about the subject. In total, 5686 documents are found and we compiled 10 examples of relevant patents for the quantities Length, Temperature and Mass, making this article a source of information for both scientific and non-scientific metrology community.     

Four-year study of roughness patterns using weekly calibrations

In order to evaluate the stability and reproducibility of roughness measurements, calibrations of the same roughness standard were held over four years. Calibrations were performed in the Laboratório de Medição de Superfícies Ópticas (LMSO), on Mondays, between late January to early December every year. Here are presented and analyzed the calibration results and also the measurements of lab temperature and relative humid, at the time of calibration, in order to assess if there is any correlation between these influence factors in the obtained results. The LMSO lab is accredited by INMETRO (Brazilian NMI).     

Study on the calibration coefficients of a quasi-dimensional model for HCNG engine

A quasi-dimensional model has been developed for an SI engine fuelled with natural gas/hydrogen blends, the combustion chamber was divided into two zones by the flame front, and a turbulent entrainment combustion model was conducted. This paper investigates the effects of calibration coefficients on the model, which includes the turbulence intensity coefficient C₂, the Taylor length scale coefficient C₃, and the Ignition lag coefficient C_ig. Validation by experiments is carried out under various operating conditions including different ignition timing, excess air ratio, manifold ambient pressure (MAP) and fraction of hydrogen enrichment. The results show that C_ig always stay the same at 1.52. When the fuel is pure natural gas, C₃ plays an important role in the simulation which changes from 0.95 to 2. The main factor changes from C₃ to C₂ when the hydrogen fraction increases from 30% to 55%. When the engine is fuelled by pure hydrogen C₂ to changes from 1.65 to 2.1.     

Thermal parameters identification of micrometric layers of microelectronic devices by thermoreflectance microscopy

The objective of this paper is the determination of the thermal properties of micrometric layers of electronic devices using a thermoreflectance probe. Unlike classical thermoreflectance methods, the main point of the method presented in this paper is to be able to quantify the heating energy (by Joule effect) and the effective temperature response (by calibration). It is then possible to estimate the thermal conductivity (in W m⁻¹ K⁻¹) instead of the thermal diffusivity (in m² s⁻¹). A semi-analytical thermal 3D-periodic model then enables to identify a few thermal properties of the layers of the device, and in particular the thermal conductivity of the passivation layer. This methodology has been applied to the study of an industrial device containing interconnect test structures made of copper lines on a silicon wafer with a few micrometers BCB (BenzoCycloButene) polymer passivation layer. The BCB thermal conductivity and the metal heat capacity are obtained using this method.