江汉盆地盐湖碳酸盐岩成藏条件及潜力——以新沟地区新沟嘴组下段Ⅱ油组为例

在物源、古地形、古气候的控制下,江汉盆地新沟嘴组下段Ⅱ油组自北而南发育有砂岩相、泥岩相、碳酸盐岩相、硫酸盐以及氯化盐岩相,盆地中南部斜坡带为碳酸盐岩的主要分布区,具有碳酸盐岩与薄层泥岩频繁互层沉积特征;其中碳酸盐岩晶间孔发育,具有较好的储集条件,泥岩有机质丰度高,具有较好的生烃能力,生储配置关系良好;新沟嘴组下段Ⅱ油组碳酸盐岩成藏条件优越,油气成藏主要受有利烃源岩分布范围、岩性岩相、物性控制,具有烃源岩控藏、岩性物性控富的特征;江汉盆地碳酸盐岩油藏分布广泛,具有较好的勘探开发前景。     

A study of some Egyptian carbonate rocks for the building construction industry

A number of geotechnical analyses were carried out on selected carbonate rock samples from eight sites located in Egypt. This analysis was to assess the suitability of these rocks for building construction aggregate. The analyses included properties of uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, porosity, water absorption, and dynamic fragmentation. The success of building construction depends to a large extent on the availability of raw materials at affordable prices. Raw materials commonly used in the building industry include sands, gravels, clays and clay-derived products. Despite the widespread occurrence of carbonate rocks throughout Egypt, the low premium placed on their direct application in the building sector may be explained in two ways: firstly, the lack of awareness of the potential uses of carbonate rocks in the building construction industry (beyond the production of asbestos, ceiling boards, roof sheets and Portland cement); and secondly, the aesthetic application of carbonate rocks in the building construction depends mainly on their physical attributes, a knowledge of which is generally restricted to within the confines of research laboratories and industries. Thus this paper addresses the physical and mechanical characteristics of some Egyptian carbonate rocks, evaluating them for their suitability as building construction aggregates.     

夹石膏地层的油气井酸处理

酸化夹石膏地层时,石膏会溶于盐酸。随着酸化的进行,酸液浓度降低,氯化钙浓度增加,因而产生了石膏的再沉淀现象、本文通过石膏在盐酸、氯化钙水溶液及余酸中的溶解度讨论了酸化时石膏的再沉淀现象,并提出了防止石膏再沉淀的方法     

Modeling and analysis of wormhole formation in reactive dissolution of carbonate rocks

A two-scale continuum model is used to simulate reactive dissolution of carbonate rocks in radial flow. The three main types of patterns observed in linear and radial flow experiments, namely, compact, wormhole and uniform patterns are numerically simulated. The fractal nature of wormholes observed in laboratory experiments is established and confirmed through simulations and the fractal dimension is quantitatively matched. The dependence of wormhole fractal dimension, optimum injection rate and minimum pore volumes required to breakthrough the medium on heterogeneity magnitude and aspect ratio is investigated. A new criterion to predict the optimum injection rate for wormhole formation in radial flow is derived and validated. It is observed that the wormhole penetration depth increases with injection time as t^b, where the exponent b is found to be approximately 0.66, as observed in the experiments. A critical level of heterogeneity magnitude seems to exist below which the minimum pore volumes required to breakthrough are much higher.     

碳氮分析仪测定造纸法再造烟叶中的碳酸钙含量

建立了碳氮分析仪法测定造纸法再造烟叶中碳酸钙含量的方法。通过热催化高温氧化反应对样品进行消解,检测经高温分解产生的CO_2气体,分别用不同的前处理方法,测定样品中的总碳和有机碳,用差量法计算出无机碳后,依据碳和碳酸钙分子量的换算,计算得出样品中碳酸钙的含量。结果显示:①待测液线性响应对应的最高碳含量为36mg;②样品本底碳量为14.5mg时,当加标碳量分别为2.5、5.0、7.0mg时平行检测3次的变异系数分别为7.60%、6.25%、3.77%;③方法的回收率范围为85.96%～111.16%;④方法的检出限和定量限分别为0.013mg和0.04mg。方法适合于测定造纸法再造烟叶中碳酸钙的含量。     

钛白粉生产工艺技术进展

简要介绍了钛白粉全球主要生产商和市场概况、原料加工工艺技术和现有的硫酸法、氯化法钛白粉生产工艺技术;也介绍了最新工艺中钛原料富集的替代金红石工艺（REPTILE）和钛铁矿焙烧磁选分离酸回收工艺（ERMS SR）,以及盐酸法的（Altair）生产工艺和碱融法的绿色生产工艺等钛白粉生产工艺技术的最新进展。     

喷涂功率对YSZ涂层的力学性能和抗铝硅熔体腐蚀性能的影响

热浸镀Al–Si合金涂层是一种有效的现代钢铁防腐涂层,但熔融Al–Si合金腐蚀已成为热浸镀Al–Si合金生产线沉没辊及其备件亟待解决的关键问题之一。本工作采用大气等离子喷涂技术制备Y2O3部分稳定ZrO2(YSZ)/NiCrAlY防护涂层,研究了喷涂功率对YSZ涂层组织和力学性能的影响和涂层在700℃下Al–Si熔体中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,YSZ涂层是由板条和层间柱状晶粒组成的典型层状结构,随着喷涂功率从37 kW增至46 kW,层间柱状结晶呈长大趋势;YSZ涂层主要由t-ZrO2相和少量m-ZrO2相组成,喷涂功率对涂层相组成无明显影响;喷涂功率为40 kW的YSZ涂层具有较高的显微硬度642.4 HV0.3和结合强度62 MPa。此外,当带有涂层的样品在700℃的Al–Si熔液中腐蚀240 h后,YSZ涂层与高温Al–Si熔液之间的界面没有反应层生成,同时Al–Si合金熔液中的Al和Si元素也未渗透进YSZ涂层内部,表明YSZ/NiCrAlY防护涂层有效地将Al–Si合金熔体阻挡在涂层表面。     

PLA-g-GMA的制备及其对PLA/PPC共混体系性能的影响

采用双螺杆挤出机将甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)接枝到聚乳酸(PLA)上,而后将接枝产物(PLA-g-GMA)与聚乳酸(PLA)、聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)反应性共混,考察了接枝物中GMA加入量变化对PLA/PPC/PLA-g-GMA共混体系的力学性能、热稳定性能的影响,并对共混体系的断裂机理进行了研究。结果表明,PLA-g-GMA的引入能够在一定程度上改善PLA与PPC的相容性。随着接枝物中GMA加入量的增加,共混物的冲击强度、断裂伸长率及拉伸强度均呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,并在接枝物中GMA加入量为3%时达到最大值。扫描电镜结果显示,PLA-g-GMA引入后共混物的韧性断裂特征越发显著,其冲击断裂方式由脆性断裂过渡为韧性断裂。热失重分析结果显示,加入PLA-g-GMA后共混物的起始分解温度和完全分解温度均有一定程度的提高。     

熔融盐粗燃气调质实验研究

在固定床内进行了熔融盐粗燃气成份调质实验,对熔融盐粗燃气调质实验的运行稳定性、反应过程对熔融盐的物性变化的影响、粗合成气成份对调质实验的影响等问题进行了考察.结果分析表明,350～500℃所有实验工况下,熔融盐均能有效的吸收粗燃气中的CO2,得到的合成气中CO2体积分数在2％附近,熔融盐处理技术能有效增加合成气中H2体积分数,降低CO体积分数,连续运行11h后合成气成份仍相对稳定.实验完成后熔融盐中Na2CO3分布呈现中部高两头低的分布规律,Na2CO3和NaOH比例变化时熔融盐熔点变化较小.这些特性都表明熔融盐粗燃气成份调质适合作为气化、热解制备合成气的后续工艺,提升燃气品质.     

无皂乳液聚合制备碳酸钙-聚苯乙烯复合物胶粒

研究了碳酸钙－苯乙烯－过硫酸铵体系的无皂乳液聚合反应。分别探讨了反应时间、引发剂用量、单体用量、碳酸钙用量对苯乙烯的转化率、碳酸钙的表观包覆率、包复率的影响及反应时间对复合物胶粒表面电性的影响。