NH_4Cl薄层液膜下X70钢腐蚀的电化学研究

采用电化学阻抗法和阴极极化曲线法研究了X70钢在含NH4Cl薄层液膜下的电化学行为.研究了液膜厚度、NH4Cl浓度对X70钢腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明,液膜厚度降低,X70钢腐蚀电位正移,阴极极限扩散电流增大.液膜厚度为130μm时,阴极极限扩散电流达最大值.液膜厚度为130~100μm时,阴极极限扩散电流反而降低.液膜厚度进一步减薄,阴极极限扩散电流又增大.薄层液膜下,NH4Cl浓度增大,阴极极限扩散电流减小,抑制了阴极过程;随着NH4Cl浓度增大,X70钢腐蚀的电荷传递电阻减小,对阳极过程有一定的促进作用,从而加速X70钢的腐蚀速率.     

铁电薄膜平均极化性质的研究

是在热力学唯象理论的框架下,研究由两种铁电材料组成的铁电双层膜系统的极化性质.通过引入的两个参量:参量(描述铁电双层膜系统中两种铁电体的物理性能差异)和参量(描述铁电双层膜系统两种铁电体相变温度的差异),研究了不同温度和不同界面耦合系数条件下,铁电双层膜系统平均极化随这两个参量的变化情况.研究表明:参量增大时,铁电双层膜系统的平均极化随之增大.当取固定值时,平均极化随界面耦合系数增大而增大;随着温度t、参量的增大而减小.参量增大时,铁电双层膜系统的平均极化减小.当参量取固定值时,平均极化随着温度t的增大而减小;随着参量、界面耦合系数的增大而增大.     

宽频带油纸绝缘介电响应的全过程谱图提取和定量分析

为深入而全面地解释油纸绝缘材料在宽频带内介电响应的微观机理,基于普适弛豫定律和凝聚态物理经典理论,利用响应谱图受温度影响的频移特性,通过势垒能级这一本征参量建立油纸绝缘材料频域介电谱与热刺激电流曲线在表征同类介电过程时的联系,并进一步以复介电常数实部与虚部关联关系和复介电常数一阶偏微分方程的数据处理手段,形成具有可靠理论依据的宽频带介电过程微观机理综合分析新方法。基于此,依次在宽频带内提取和观察了电荷的各类运动过程。分析结果表明,在较宽温度范围内,油纸绝缘材料的频域介电谱曲线从低频到高频依次包括低频弥散、交流电导和电极极化、界面极化及偶极子转向极化等独立介电过程,并根据相关理论模型和试验数据对上述各独立过程进行定量研究,确定其微观物理机制、频谱函数和发生条件。该研究揭示了油纸绝缘材料在全频域范围的电荷运动规律,为频域介电谱法应用于电力设备绝缘评估提供了新的理论分析思路。     

磁场和Fe^3＋对铁在0.5mol／LH2SO4中阴极极化行为的影响

用动电位扫描法研究了有无外磁场时纯铁在Ｆｅ２（ＳＯ４）３和Ｈ２ＳＯ４＋Ｆｅ２（ＳＯ４）３溶液中的阴极极化曲线，没有外加磁场时，Ｆｅ＾３＋还原反应与Ｈ＾＋去极化反应有相互促进作用，在单纯Ｈ２ＳＯ４溶液或单纯Ｆｅ２（ＳＯ４）３溶液中，外加０．４Ｔ磁场均加速铁的阴极过程，但不改变反应进行的机制；在Ｈ２ＳＯ４＋Ｆｅ２（ＳＯ４）３溶液中磁场对铁阴极过程的加速作用是磁场对Ｆｅ＾３＋还原和对氢离子去极化反应作用     

磁场作用下铁在盐酸和氯化钠溶液中自腐蚀状态的变化

采用自腐蚀电位测量及恒电位极化法研究了磁场对铁在酸性与中性氯化的溶液中自腐蚀状态的作用。外加磁场使自腐蚀电位正移，撤去磁场使自腐蚀电位负移，没有磁场时在自腐蚀电位下极化然后外加磁场会导致磁致阴极电流；有磁场时自腐蚀电位下极化然后撤去磁场会导致磁致阳极电流。酸性溶液体系的磁致阴极电流值明显大于中性溶液体系，表现出磁场主要通过作用于析氢反应而影响自腐蚀状态。     

A study on corrosion resistance characteristics of PVD Cr-N coated steels by electrochemical method

The corrosion behavior of Cr-N coated steels with different phases (-Cr, CrN and Cr₂N) deposited by cathodic arc deposition on AISI H13 steel was investigated in a 3.5% NaCl solution at ambient temperature. Potentiodynamic polarization tests, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were the techniques applied to characterize the corrosion behavior. It was found that the CrN coating had a lower current density from potentiodynamic polarization tests than others. The porosity, corresponding to the ratio of the polarization resistance of the uncoated and the coated substrate, was higher in the Cr₂N coating than in the other Cr-N coated steels. EIS measurements showed, for most of the Cr-N coated steels, that the Bode plot presented two time constants. Also, the Cr₂N coating represented the characteristic of Warburg behavior after 72 h of immersion. The coating morphologies were examined in planar view and cross-section by SEM analysis and the results were compared with those of the electrochemical measurement. The CrN coating had a dense, columnar grain-sized microstructure with minor intergranular porosity. From the above results, it is concluded that the CrN coating provided a better corrosion protection than the other Cr-N coated steels.     

The effect of corrosion inhibiting pigments on environmentally assisted cracking of high strength aluminum alloy

The effects of some corrosion inhibiting pigments on environmentally assisted cracking of 7075-T76 aluminum alloy were examined in 3.5% NaCl (pH=6.2) solution. In order to study the inhibition mechanism of these pigments in environmentally assisted cracking of aluminum alloy, electrochemical polarization tests were carried out in 3.5% NaCl (pH=6.2 and 3) and 0.1 M HCl solutions respectively with the presence and absence of these pigments. The results showed that the effects of the pigments on environmentally assisted cracking of aluminum alloy were exhibited mainly at crack initiation and the early stage of crack propagation. A nontoxic compound, composed of phosphate, molybdate, citrate, and thiazole/imidazole derivatives, was a promising pigment to inhibit environmentally assisted cracking of the alloy.     

应用多重动电位扫描极化技术测评有机涂层／金属体系的耐腐蚀性

应用多重动电位扫描极化技术测评有机涂层／金属体系的耐腐蚀性林昌健（固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室，厦门大学厦门３６１００５）Ｔ．Ｎｇｕｙｅｎ（美国国家标准与技术研究院）１引言有机聚合物涂层／金属体系的腐蚀已成为腐蚀界的一个研究热点［‘－‘］．影响有机...     

Suspended electrode kinetics of mechanically activated pyrite

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＭｅｃｈａｎｉｃａｌａｃｔｉｖａｔｉｏｎｉｓｗｉｄｅｌｙａｐｐｌｉｅｄｉｎｅｎ ｈａｎｃｉｎｇｍｅｔａｌｌｕｒｇｉｃａｌｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ[1～ 3] ａｎｄｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓｙｎ ｔｈｅｓｉｓ[4 ,5] .Ｓｏｆａｒｉｔｉｓｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔｔ     

Effect of heat treatment on the efficiency of Mg anodes

Commercial magnesium anodes were evaluated using ASTM G 97-89 for a standard test along with a technique of electrochemical impedance. Several heat treatments were performed, and the anodic efficiency was determined, showing an incremental increase of 10 to 12 % of the efficiency demonstrated by the nontreated commercial anodes (as-cast condition). The increase in efficiency was related to the microstructural characteristics. The appearance of second phase particles influenced the form of the corrosion process.