关于数学建模教学及竞赛改革的思考

从笔者学校实际情况出发,阐述数学建模课程的特点,探讨数学建模教学及竞赛存在的问题,从开设《数学建模与实验》公共选修课、编写教材或讲义、教学方法改革、成立数学建模竞赛教学团队及考核形式多样化等五个方面提出数学建模课程改革的思路,并给出数学建模教学及竞赛改革的具体建议。     

FIRA'2001全自主式机器人竞赛系统

详细介绍了国际机器人足球联盟FIRA(Federation of International Robot-soccer Association)于2001年在北京举办的全自主机器人比赛系统。详细描述了该类机器人的技术特点、工作方式,以及比赛中涉及到的一些关键性技术。     

机器人足球仿真比赛中碰撞后行为的研究

为了解决机器人足球比赛仿真系统中的死锁现象,详细讨论了机器人仿真比赛中的碰撞后行为。给出了机器人足球仿真比赛中的碰撞的模型,并针对每一种碰撞,提出了相应的碰撞后机器人速度的快慢和方向的计算方法。经过实际比赛的验证,提出的方法正确稳定可靠,显著改善了机器人足球比赛仿真系统中经常出现的死锁现象。     

无线传感器网络中一种自适应的退避算法

802.15.4协议中CSMA/CA信道接入方式为了避免再次碰撞使用BEB退避算法,在重负载的情况下网络性能较差。提出一种自适应的退避算法,它用报文的冲突概率来预测节点附近信道的争用状况,在不同的网络状况下,竞争窗口的取值采用相应的退避策略,动态地控制节点的退避范围,以达到改善网络性能的目的。分析与仿真结果表明,新的算法与传统的退避算法BEB算法相比,在网络负载重的情况下,有效地降低了数据包的冲突概率,减少了时延,提高了网络的吞吐量,同时对信道的公平性也有所改善。     

评分决名次的Excel算法

在众多竞赛中，常常采用由若干名裁判员根据比赛规则，给参赛选手评分以决出名次的竞赛方法。由于设备的原因，常常这项工作需要依靠人工来完成。这样做不仅效率低，而且也易出错。就此问题，本文提出一种不需要专用设备，也不需要编写程序，仅利用Excel软件功能，来高效地解决了这一问题的思路和方法。     

评分决名次的Excel算法

在众多竞赛中,常常采用由若干名裁判员根据比赛规则,给参赛选手评分以决出名次的竞赛方法。由于设备的原因,常常这项工作需要依靠人工来完成。这样做不仅效率低,而且也易出错。就此问题,本文提出一种不需要专用设备,也不需要编写程序,仅利用Excel软件功能.来高效地解决了这一问题的思路和方法。     

An Artificial Network Simulating Cause-to-Effect Reasoning: Cancellation Interactions and Numerical Studies

During the last few decades, a variety of models have been proposed to address causal reasoning (known also as abduction); most of these dealt with a probabilistic or a logical framework. Recently, a few models have been proposed within a neural framework. The investigation of neural approaches is mainly motivated by the computational burden of the causal reasoning task and by the satisfactory results given by neural networks in solving hard problems in general. A particular class of causal reasoning that raises several difficulties is the cancellation class. From an abstract point of view, cancellation occurs when two causes (hypotheses) cancel each other's explanation capabilities with respect to a given effect (observation). The present work is twofold. First, we extend an existing neural model to handle cancellation interactions. Second, we test the model on a large database and propose objective criteria to quantitatively evaluate the scenarios (explanations) produced. Simulation results show good performance and stability of the model. Received 17 November 1999 / Revised 12 May 2000 / Accepted in revised form 16 June 2000     

Betting system for formative code review in educational competitions

Using competitions to motivate students is a well-known practice that has proved to be successful. Nevertheless, grading students only through their results in the competition could unfairly limit the range of grades that each student can get: regardless of the quality of the different teams participating, one student must necessarily win the tournament, another must be second, and so on until the last place. In fact, player rankings are relative assessments that are conditioned by the performance of every student. In this paper, we propose solving this issue by making students do a code review before betting on the competition. By betting, the grade of students depends both on the performance of their own solution and the one they bet on. This way, grades represent not only coding skills, but also code analysis skills, widening the attainable range of grades and allowing for a fairer grade distribution. As a result, students that are not so proficient in coding are rewarded if they demonstrate they can do a good analysis of the source code written by others, which is a very valuable skill in the professional world. We provide a case study in an undergraduate course, showing positive results.     

以机械创新设计大赛为载体的学生综合素质培养

机械创新设计大赛是全国大学生重要科技竞赛活动,作为指导教师,通过对指导学生参赛的组织实施过程的体会,阐述了机械创新设计大赛在培养大学生团队合作意识、创新设计能力、理论联系实际的学风、工程实践素质、工程实践训练等综合素质方面的重要作用。     

浅谈企业劳动竞赛组织模型的建立与运用

企业劳动竞赛是社会主义劳动竞赛的重要组成部分。为保证企业劳动竞赛的有效、有序进行,必须从企业劳动竞赛的“竞赛”属性、“管理”属性、“制度”属性、工作流程特点和功能特点五个方面把握企业劳动竞赛的内涵。可以建立企业劳动竞赛组织模型以指导具体工作,并建立企业劳动竞赛组织的创新模型,以保证劳动竞赛的不断创新。