活化法测量197Au等核素的14MeV中子反应截面

采用活化法测量了197Au等核素的14MeV中子反应截面.当入射中子能量为14.75MeV时,197Au(n,2n)196Au反应截面测量结果为(2175±76)×10-31m2,并与其他测量结果和ENDF/B-6评价数据库数据进行了比较.对于结果的一些不确定度因素,采用MCNP程序进行了分析.     

电化学还原法制备氧化铅纳米棒

本文介绍一种用电化学还原法制备氧化铅纳米棒的简单方法.实验中所用的电解液是混有氧氯化锆和三氯化钛的硝酸铅溶液,采用不锈钢片作为阴极和基底.在室温下,由直流电源供电,通过控制输出电流的大小在不锈钢片基底上沉积产物.氧化铅纳米棒的产生与电流密度有关,通过讨论,得出生成氧化铅纳米棒的最佳电流密度大小.用SEM、TEM、EDS和XRD对产物进行了表征.研究结果表明,所制备的氧化铅纳米棒是单晶结构.     

高铁闪锌矿加压浸出过程中Fe的动力学研究

进行了高铁闪锌矿加压浸出过程Fe的动力学研究。考察了温度、压力、始酸浓度、矿样粒度、溶液中Fe^2＋浓度对Fe浸出率的影响。结果表明，在试验条件下，浸出初期Fe的浸出速率受化学反应控制遵循“未反应核减缩型”表面化学反应控制的动力学规律，浸出后期受固膜扩散控制，浸出中期由二者共同控制。     

Moderating effects of sensitivity to punishment and sensitivity to reward on associations between marijuana effect expectancies and use.

The study examined associations between sensitivity to reward (SR), sensitivity to punishment (SP), positive and negative expectancies, and marijuana use in a college sample (N = 809). Marijuana users (n = 227) reported lower SP and greater SR than nonusers. SR attenuated the association between SP and the probability of marijuana use. SP attenuated the association between positive expectancies and the probability of marijuana use as well as the frequency of use among users. SP potentiated the association between negative expectancies and use. The results indicate that SP and SR have interactive effects and that SP moderates the strength of positive and negative cues for risk behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Dendritic Microstructure Affecting Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of an Al-9 wt% Si Alloy

It has been reported that the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of metallic alloys depend strongly on the solidification microstructural arrangement. The correlation of corrosion behavior and mechanical properties with microstructure parameters can be very useful for planning solidification conditions in order to achieve desired final properties. The aim of the present work is to investigate the influence of dendritic microstructural parameters of an Al-9 wt.% Si alloy on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. The experimental results establish correlations between secondary dendrite arm spacings (λ₂) and ultimate tensile strength (σ_u), yield strength (σ_y), corrosion potential (E_Corr), and corrosion rate (i_Corr).     

热氧化温度对Ru_(0.15)Ir_(0.15)Ti_(0.7)/Ti电极性能的影响

应用刷涂-热氧化法,在不同热氧化温度(分别为400℃、440℃、470℃)下制备Ru、Ir、Ti三元金属氧化物电极。通过电化学性能、强化寿命以及电极形貌分析得出:440℃热氧化温度下制备的Ru0.15Ir0.15Ti0.7/Ti电极析氯电位低、催化活性强、强化寿命长;且该温度下的反应电阻也最小。     

化学沉积法制备氧化锰/多孔炭复合材料及其电化学性能

通过化学沉积法制备了氧化锰/多孔炭（Porous carbon,简称PC）复合材料,考察了氧化锰负载量及热处理温度对其理化性能的影响,探讨了氧化锰/多孔炭复合电极的充放电机理。SEM照片及孔结构测试结果表明,常温下化学沉积法负载氧化锰不但负载均匀,而且还对多孔炭的孔结构起到修饰作用;但经400℃以上高温处理后,其均匀性受到破坏。XRD测试结果表明,经110℃干燥处理及400℃高温处理的复合电极材料负载的氧化锰为无定型结构,800℃时则转变为γ-Mn2O3。经电化学测试表明化学沉积法负载氧化锰可以有效地提高多孔炭电极材料的电能存储容量,当多孔炭负载质量分数1.7%氧化锰,在空气中110℃干燥,制得复合材料的单电极比电容达到340F/g,比单纯的多孔炭电极提高34%。     

镁掺杂对二氧化钛晶化行为的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法在较低的热处理温度下制备了镁掺杂的TiO2。通过差热分析（DTA）并经过计算，发现在TiO2溶胶中加入Mg（NO3）2，可以让TiO2从无定型到锐钛矿相和锐钛矿相到金红石相的晶型转变活化能分别从137．7和163．7kJ／mol降低到70．5和108．4kJ／mol；采用X射线衍射分析（XRD），确定了在600℃热处理，获得了具有锐钛矿相和金红石相混晶的镁掺杂TiO2；通过紫外光催化降解甲基橙水溶液实验，证明了镁掺杂的TiO2薄膜的光催化活性高于未掺杂TiO2薄膜。     

Preparation of Pt-Ru-Ni ternary nanoparticles by microemulsion and electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation

Ternary platinum-ruthenium-nickel nanoparticles are prepared by water-in-oil reverse microemulsions of water/Triton X-100/propanol-2/cyclohexane. Nanoparticles formed in the microemulsions are characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction (ED), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). These resulting materials showed a homogenous alloy structure, the mono-dispersion and an average diameter of 2.6 ± 0.3 nm with a narrow particle size distribution. The composition and particle size of ternary Pt-Ru-Ni nanoparticles can be controlled by adjusting the initial metal salt solution and preparation conditions. Pt-Ru-Ni ternary metallic nanoparticles showed an enhanced catalytic activity towards methanol oxidation compared to Pt-Ru bimetallic nanoparticles.     

Order-disorder phase transitions and high-temperature oxide ion conductivity of Er2+xTi2−xO7−δ (x = 0, 0.096)

The Er_2+xTi_2−xO_7−δ (x = 0.096; 35.5 mol% Er₂O₃) solid solution and the stoichiometric pyrochlore-structured compound Er₂Ti₂O₇ (x = 0; 33.3 mol% Er₂O₃) are characterized by X-ray diffraction (phase analysis and Rietveld method), thermal analysis and optical spectroscopy. Both oxides were synthesized by thermal sintering of co-precipitated powders. The synthesis study was performed in the temperature range 650-1690 °C. The amorphous phase exists below 700 °C. The crystallization of the ordered pyrochlore phase (P) in the range 800-1000 °C is accompanied by oxygen release. The ordered pyrochlore phase (P) exists in the range 1000−1200 °C. Heat-treatment at T ≥ 1600 °C leads to the formation of an oxide ion-conducting phase with a distorted pyrochlore structure (P2) and an ionic conductivity of about 10⁻³ S/cm at 740 °C. Complex impedance spectra are used to separately assess the bulk and grain-boundary conductivity of the samples. At 700 °C and oxygen pressures above 10⁻¹⁰ Pa, the Er_2+xTi_2−xO_7−δ (x = 0, 0.096) samples are purely ionic conductors.