Transferability of Charpy Absorbed Energy to Fracture Toughness Based on Weibull Stress Criterion

The relationship between Charpy absorbed energy and the fracture toughness by means of the (crack tip opening displacement (CTOD)) method was analyzed based on the Weibull stress criterion. The Charpy absorbed energy and the fracture toughness were measured for the SN490B steel under the ductile-brittle transition temperature region. For the instrumented Charpy impact test, the curves between the loading point displacement and the load against time were recorded. The critical Weibull stress was taken as a fracture controlled parameter, and it could not be affected by the specimen configuration and the loading pattern based on the local approach. The parameters controlled brittle fracture are obtained from the Charpy absorbed energy results, then the fracture toughness for the compact tension (CT) specimen is predicted. It is found that the results predicted are in good agreement with the experimental. The fracture toughness could be evaluated by the Charpy absorbed energy, because the local approach give     

具有外部扰动分布时滞的不确定性Markov跳变系统的指数稳定性

本文讨论了更为广泛的具有分布型时滞,双线性马尔可夫过程跳变参数的不确定性系统。分析了该系统的鲁棒均方指数稳定性。设计了鲁棒反馈镇定控制器。基于LMI方法,得到了系统均方指数稳定的充分条件。在一定程度上推广了离散时滞下的相应系统的结果。     

Cracking energy estimation of ultra low-k package using novel prediction approach combined with global-local modeling technique

Interfacial crack/delamination, due to the presence of dissimilar material systems, is one of the major concerns of thermo-mechanical reliability for the development of next node technology in integrated circuits (IC) devices. The cracking energy results from many back end of line (BEOL) and packaging processes at various temperature differences is prone to drive the crack advance. To investigate the sensitivity of crack propagation in low-k dielectric materials, a robust estimation of J-integral approach combined with a rectangular path of integral contour is performed using finite element analysis (FEA). By means of the verification of 4-point bending test (4-PBT), excellent agreements are obtained as compared with the experimental data. Moreover, a multiscale modeling technique is proposed to resolve the difficulty of model construction as from bridge device level to packaging level. The sub-modeling procedures developed specifically for the impact prediction of interfacial crack in complicated Cu/low-k interconnects. The analytic results indicate the foregoing methodology is valuable to forecast the physical behavior and reliability of advanced IC devices in the nano scaled size. On the basis of the presented results in this research, an approximated criterion for determining the dimensions of sub-model is suggested and demonstrated as well.     

内建电场调控BaTiO_3-TiO_2光催化性能研究

采用水热法制备BaTiO_3-TiO_2复合材料,以罗丹明B为降解对象,研究BaTiO_3退火处理对BaTi O3-TiO_2复合材料光催化性能的影响。结果表明:BaTiO_3退火后所制备的BaTiO_3-TiO_2复合材料光催化活性比纯TiO_2、BaTiO_3以及BaTiO_3退火前的复合材料好。退火后BaTiO_3颗粒尺寸增大,四方相所占的比重增加,内建电场增大,提高复合材料界面处TiO_2光生载流子的分离率,表现出更优的光催化活性。     

Synthesis of the fluid machinery network in a circulating water system

Energy consumption of the fluid machinery network in a circulating water system takes up a large part of energy consumption in the process industry, so optimization on the network will enhance the economic and environmental performance of the industry. In this paper, a synthesis approach is proposed to obtain the optimal network structure. The effective height curves are used as tools to perform energy analysis, so that the potential placement of water turbines and auxiliary pumps can be determined with energy benefit. Then economic optimization is carried out, by the mathematical model with the total cost as the objective function, to identify the branches for water turbines and auxiliary pumps with economic benefit. In this way, the optimal fluid machinery network structure can be obtained. The results of case study indicate that the proposed synthesis approach to optimize the fluid machinery network will obtain more remarkable benefits on economy, compared to optimizing only the water turbine network or pump network. The results under different flowrates of circulating water reveal that using a water turbine to recover power or adding an auxiliary pump to save energy in branches are only suitable to the flowrate in a certain range.     

基于工况风险评估的叉车门架多工况拓扑优化

以某3T型内燃叉车的标准门架为例,实现了典型工况下门架系统的整体非线性有限元分析;基于工况数据（工作时长、结构应力及形变位移）,提出了工况风险评估方法及工况风险指标（RI）的概念;依据工况风险指标,提出了一种分配多工况拓扑优化权重系数的方法;采用折中规划法,以多工况下门架加权柔度最小为目标函数对门架结构进行拓扑优化;根据优化结果对门架结构进行改进设计,并进行了有限元分析。研究结果表明：风险评估法较传统平均分配法能得到更优的目标值;与原门架结构相比,新门架结构在3种典型工况下的最大应力分别减小10.05%、10.25%和1.58%,最大位移分别减小13.17%、12.93%和8.28%,质量减小7 kg。     

腔室截面形状对扩张室液压脉动衰减器滤波特性的影响

将气体消声器设计理论中的格林函数法扩展到计算和分析具有矩形、正方形截面的扩张室液压脉动衰减器的滤波特性,在平面波截止频率范围内,这两种截面型式脉动衰减器的插入损失理论曲线与实验测量结果吻合较好,证明了该方法同样可用于计算矩形和正方形截面的扩张室压力脉动衰减器的滤波特性。而针对圆形截面,为避免坐标系变换带来的麻烦,引入消声器声学特性研究中最常使用的一维解析法,其计算结果也与实验测量值吻合良好。通过对这三种不同截面扩张室脉动衰减器插入损失的比较,可以得出：控制扩张室腔体截面周长一定的前提下,在2 kHz测试频带内,圆形截面具有最优的滤波特性,正方形截面次之,而矩形截面脉动衰减性能最差。     

From appropriation to formal intervention: An analytical framework for understanding the appropriation process in residual spaces of Cairo

The paper addresses the issue of how residual spaces are intervened upon through formal and informal processes. It argues that a profound understanding for the dynamics of informal interventions, denoted by appropriation, could enhance the performance of their formal peers.Adopting a qualitative approach, the paper departs from Lefebvre’s unitary theory of space and arrives at an analytical framework that helps to understand the appropriation processes in residual spaces. It, then, attempts to empirically challenge the applicability of this framework through analyzing a Cairene residual space that has undergone two cycles of intervention: a formal and informal one.     

Seepage failure by heave in sheeted excavation pits constructed in stratified cohesionless soils

In this study, experimental and numerical investigations are performed to clarify the seepage failure by heave in sheeted excavation pits in stratified cohesionless soils in which a relatively permeable soil layer (k_upper) lies above a less permeable soil layer (k_lower) between excavation base and wall tip. It is shown that the evaluation of base stabilities of excavation pits against seepage failure by using Terzaghi and Peck’s approach leads to considerably lower critical potential differences than those obtained from the model tests. On the other hand, a relatively good agreement is achieved between the results of the model tests and the finite element (FE) analyses. Further investigations are performed by using axisymmetric excavation models with various dimensions and ground conditions, and a comparison between the results obtained from Terzaghi and Peck’s approach and finite element analyses is given.     

互感器宽频传递函数建模的降阶方法分析

首先讨论以往文献中采用的Pade逼近和Arnoldi的降阶方法及其在互感器宽频传递函数建模中的不适用性,进而提出基于矢量匹配直接降阶法.通过对比,阐明基于矢量匹配直接降阶法为互感器宽频传递函数建模中的最优降阶方法.