钛铁矿选择氯化法制取人造金红石的热力学与动力学

研究了钛铁矿选择氯化制取人造金红石反应的Fe-Ti-C-O2-Cl2系平衡图，计算了氧与某些氯化物相互作用的自由能变化，采用“通氧一步选择氯化法”，解决了选择氯化“自热”反应持续进行的技术关键，对反应参数进行了实验室，半工业和工业化生产试验研究，研究证明，选择氯化过程的动力学模型是“固体颗粒粒度保持不变的缩核反应模型”，动力学区的活性能为34．33kJ/mol；扩散区的活化能为0．80kJ/mol，研究开发的无筛板沸腾氯化炉可以长期稳定地连续运转，生产出的人造金红石品位为92．10％，经摇床和磁选，品位达到95％，床层单位炉产能达12．4t/(m2.d)，该工艺和设备已成功地应用于工业生产。     

Adaptation of the microscopic properties of redox catalysts to the type of gas-solid reactor

Catalysts of selective oxidation usually work in a simultaneous redox mode in reactant/air cofed reactors. The solid must provide selective lattice oxygen according to a kinetic mechanism depending on operating conditions that differ from one reactor to another. Better catalytic performance can be obtained in a recirculating solids reactor because it allows separate optimization of the reduction and oxidation steps. Among the microscopic properties of the catalyst, the crystal morphology is to be taken into account because it influences its reactivity on stream. These considerations lead to a new approach of the catalyst-reaction-reactor trio.     

冰覆盖下河道水流特性及床面高程的研究

本文对冰覆盖下的河道水流进行了区域划分,给出了区域分界面上的水流条件。应用水力学中的一些基本概念和基本原理,对冰覆盖下河道水流阻力、水流流速、切力、能坡及床面高程等问题进行了研究,给出了它们的物理概念和计算公式,并用实验观测资料进行了验证,结果令人满意。     

液态金属钠高温沸腾实验回路应力分析与强度计算

本文主要完成了液态金属钠高温沸腾实验回路的应力分析与计算，确定了回路高温区连接管系的布置型式和支吊架系统，是该回路总体设计的重要组成部分。     

气相聚合流化床内静电与结片现象的研究进展

综述了气相聚合流化床内静电及结片现象的研究进展,对流化床内结片现象进行了描述,将静电与流化床的壁面结片现象关联,并从流化床流体力学行为与静电生成速率的关系出发对静电的生成机理进行了论述。通过对流化床内静电分布分析,确定了流化床内静电积累和消散的位置。提出了流化床内静电检测、静电产生机理、静电信号与工业流化床中结片现象关联等有待继续研究的方向和领域。     

Thermal characteristics of packed bed storage system

The thermal behaviour of a packed bed storage system charged with hot air is modelled using two partial differential equations representing the energy conservation in the air and solid phases constituting the bed. These two equations are coupled through the heat exchange process between the two phases. A fully implicit numerical scheme based on forward, upwind and central differencing for the time, first and second space derivatives, respectively, is used to solve the modelling equations. Marching technique is used for the air equation and a tri-diagonal matrix solver is employed to solve the solid equation. The solution yields the thermal structure of the bed, namely the air and solid temperature distribution inside the bed at any particular time, and the variation of total energy stored in the bed with time. The effect of bed length, solid diameter and void fraction on the thermal characteristics of the packed bed is studied. Further, the performance of the bed under variable inlet air temperature and mass flow rate is investigated.     

膜催化氧化正丁烷制顺酐

以多孔玻璃管为基体，制备４种用于正丁烷氧化制顺酐的膜反应器。在一定的操作条件下，考察了固定床反应器与这４种膜反应器在正丁烷氧化制顺酐中的反应性能并加以比较，发现ＹＳＺ膜反应器可获得高于固定床反应器的选择性和收率。     

Characteristics of the reactive distillation column with a novel internal

A new catalyst loading method, in which catalyst particles are packed in a reactor with a novel internal, has been studied by measuring pressure drop, RTD, liquid holdup and mass transfer. It can be inferred from experimental results that the internal changes the conventional gas and liquid counter-current flow into a new cross-current flow, so the problems of excessive pressure drop and “flooding” are avoided. When pressure drop, liquid holdup, RTD and mass transfer coefficient are similar, the catalyst loading fraction of the new method is much higher than that of conventional methods. Furthermore, the reactive distillation reactor with the novel internal has advantages such as simple structure, low operating cost, and convenience for installation and removal of the catalyst.     

Investigation of the stability of tablets prepared from sucrose and citric acid anhydride utilizing response surface methodology

Inversion of sucrose is a stability problem particularly of candies with acidic taste that contain sucrose and small amounts of organic acids such as citric acid, since the free d-fructose produced by hydrolysis is hygroscopic. The following possibilities were investigated for preventing the hydrolysis of sucrose in tablets containing sucrose and citric acid: Adding various amounts of tri-sodium citrate to the formulation to neutralize the citric acid, (Hot) melt coating of citric acid and tri-sodium citrate with a vegetable fat at different coating ratios, variation of the ratio of coated citric acid and tri-sodium citrate in formulations, and compressing the formulations with different compression forces. After tablet processing and storage of tablets, the concentration of d-fructose was determined on the basis of enzymatic reactions. A response surface central composite design was used. The above-mentioned variations were chosen as independent variables and the amount of d-fructose was chosen as response variable. The lowest rates of inversion could be achieved by increasing the content of tri-sodium citrate and the ratio of coating material and decreasing the ratio of coated citric acid and tri-sodium citrate in the tablet formulations. The compression force had no significant effect on the inversion of sucrose.     

新型废水厌氧处理工艺——内循环厌氧反应器

介绍内循环(IC)厌氧反应器的发展、基本结构、运行机理。分析该反应器的工艺过程,指出该工艺具有处理效率高、抗冲击能力强等优点。针对IC反应器存在的缺陷,人们对该反应器进行技术改进:通过提高它的内循环的气量进行处理低浓度有机废水;增加外循环装置缩短IC反应器的启动周期。