Red-Blood-Cell-Membrane-Coated Metal-Drug Nanoparticles for Enhanced Chemotherapy

To overcome high toxicity, low bioavailability and poor water solubility of chemotherapeutics, a variety of drug carriers have been designed. However, most carriers are severely limited by low drug loading capacity and adverse side effects. Here, a new type of metal-drug nanoparticles (MDNs) was designed and synthesized. The MDNs self-assembled with Fe(III) ions and drug molecules through coordination, resulting in nanoparticles with high drug loading. To assist systemic delivery and prolong circulation time, the obtained MDNs were camouflaged with red blood cell (RBCs) membranes (RBCs@Fe-DOX MDNs) to improve their stability and dispersity. The RBCs@Fe-DOX MDNs presented pH-responsive release functionalities, resulting in drug release accelerated in acidic tumor microenvironments. The outstanding in vitro and in vivo antitumor therapeutic outcome was realized by RBCs@Fe-DOX MDNs. This study provides an innovative design guideline for chemotherapy and demonstrates the great capacity of nanomaterials in anticancer treatments.     

液膜法分离富集,测定水中微量锶

用乳状液膜体系对锶进行分离富集，该体系包括协同流动载体（ＰＭＢＰ，ＴＢＰ），表面活性剂（ＳＰＡＮ８０）增强剂（丙三醇）溶剂（正己烷）和内相（１．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的盐酸溶液），实验表明，在适宜的条件下，锶的富集效率可达９９．５％以上，而在此条件下许多共存离子，如Ｆｅ＾３＋，Ａｌ＾３＋，Ｃａ＾２＋，Ｍｇ＾２＋，Ｂａ＾２＋，Ｃｒ＾３＋，ＣＯ＾２＋，Ｎｉ＾２＋，Ｚｒ＾４＋，Ｃｕ＾２＋，Ｚｎ＾２＋，Ｐｂ＾２＋和     

Plasma graft polymerization of acrylamide onto crosslinked HTPB based PU membrane for pervaporation

Pervaporation of water-ethanol mixtures through plasma graft polymerization of acrylamide onto crosslinked hydroxyl terminated poly-butadiene (HTPB) based PU membranes, plasma graft polymerization of acrylamide onto crosslinked PU membrane (AAm-p-CPU), were investigated. The grafting was dependent on the discharge power and pretreatment period. The effects of crosslinking, plasma treatment conditions, feed compositions, and feed temperature on the performance of these membranes were studied. The physical properties of crosslinked membrane were better than those of the uncrosslinked membrane. In addition, compared with crosslinked PU membranes (CPU), the plasma modified crosslinked PU membranes effectively improve the pervaporation separation performances.     

Domestic and Industrial Wastewater Treatment with Ozonated Activated Sludge

Poor sludge settleability is a problem encountered in many activated sludge wastewater treatment plants. This study was aimed at combatting the unwanted biological growths at the root of this phenomenon with ozone. Ozone dosed directly into the aeration basins of small activated sludge pilot plants treating both domestic and synthetic fuel wastewaters led to a substantial reduction of the bulking problem even at dosages as low as 6 to 10 mg/L. Ozone did not interfere in the delicate nutrient removal processes and significantly enhanced effluent quality.     

Site-directed mutagenesis of a calcium binding site modifies specifically the different biochemical properties of annexin I

All the functions of annexins in vitro as well as in vivo aremediated and probably regulated by calcium. We have used recombinantannexin I, synthesized by Escherichia coli, and we have performedsite-directed mutagenesis. We have mutated the endonexin foldof domain 2 that binds calcium. Mutations were performed inthis domain of the molecule because it perfectly matches thecalcium binding consensus sequence. The two glycines of thisfold were mutated into glutamic acid. The helix content andthe stability of the mutants are identical to those of the wild-type,suggesting that the mutations did not drastically affect thestructure of the protein. The two mutants showed modified calciumbinding affinities. However, the calcium binding affinity ofthe G131E mutant was far more altered than that of the G129Emutant. Furthermore, other biochemical properties of these mutantswere modified to different extents. The binding to phospholipidwas not seriously affected, whereas the selfassociation waslost by the G131E mutant. In the same way, liposome aggregationis conserved, but modified, while the calcium affinity measuredby equilibrium dialysis is dramatically altered.     

3种高电流密度离子膜电解槽的性能对比与介绍

目前离子膜电解槽的发展方向为复极、自然循环、高电流密度、低电耗，伍德诺拉公司BM2．7-Ⅲ型槽、美国西方化学公司ExL^B-65槽、日本氯工程公司BiTAC-858槽即具有这些先进性能。对这3种槽进行了介绍与对比。     

CENTUM-CS1000在离子膜制碱工艺中的应用

介绍了DCS在离子膜制碱工艺中的应用及常用控制方案的实现和运行效果。     

蛋白质在超滤过程中的膜污染和膜清洗

本文选用四种不同的膜清洗剂对牛血清蛋白溶液超滤后污染的三种超滤膜进行研究，结果表明：在蛋白质的等电点取得在不同ＰＨ值下蛋白质对膜污染的最佳清洗效果，清洗效率与蛋白质的所荷电荷有关。采用适宜的清洗过程将会延长膜使用寿命和增强超滤膜性能。     

Fingerprinting G-protein-coupled receptors

Recently we reported the design of a discriminating fingerprintfor rhodopsin-like G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Thefingerprint encodes the seven putative membrane-spanning motifsand was potently diagnostic of all GPCRs (52 in all) in version8.1 of the OWL composite sequence database, readily distinguishingthem from all other integral membrane proteins. With a 3-foldincrease in the size of OWL, the fingerprint has been updatedand now finds 332 receptors that match all the motifs. The situation,however, has grown in complexity: 61 sequences make imperfectmatches with the fingerprint, yielding a total of 393 ‘hits’.The bulk of the partial hits are olfactory receptors: theseappear to fall into discrete subfamilies in which one or moreof the transmembrane motifs are either poorly matched or arenot matched at all. These results are supported by preliminaryphylogenetic analyses, which show the olfactory and variousother partial matches clustering away from the main body oftrue hits. The approach has provided a powerful diagnostic toolfor identifying GPCRs, and results are consistent with previousobservations that the pheromone, cAMP and secretin-like receptorsbelong to separate families-these bear their own unique sequencefingerprints by which they may be distinguished from the rhodopsin-likesuperfamily