21世纪的"绿色燃料"--二甲醚

被称为 2 1世纪“绿色燃料”的二甲醚具有清洁、低毒性、低蒸气压和优良的燃烧性能 ,因而成为多种产品的替代品 ,如环境友好的民用燃料、柴油和制冷剂 ,而且具有较好的市场潜力。本文主要介绍了二甲醚的生产方法、用途和国内外的发展状况     

Using online pickup site inclusion policies to manage demand in retail/E-tail organizations

A major development in online retailing is the significant increase in the number of traditional “offline” retailers extending their brands online. Many of these retail/e-tail firms are attempting to leverage channel synergies by allowing customers to purchase products over the internet and then pick their orders up at one of the firm's local stores. This paper proposes that the firm presents only a subset of its stores to online customers as available pickup locations, rather than simply listing all local stores with inventory. By doing so, the firm can protect stores with critically low inventory levels and thereby reduce backorder costs. Specifically, we develop and evaluate a dynamic pickup site inclusion policy that incorporates real-time information to specify which of the firm's e-fulfillment locations should be presented at online checkout. Computational results indicate that managing in-store demand via such policies can decrease total cost (holding, backorder, and lost or redirected pickup sale costs) by as much as 18% over allowing customers to pick online orders up from any site with available inventory. The percentage of pickup sales and customers' sensitivity to travel are critical in determining the magnitude of the benefit.     

Enhanced energetic reasoning-based lower bounds for the resource constrained project scheduling problem

We present new and effective lower bounds for the resource constrained project scheduling problem. This problem is widely known to be notoriously difficult to solve due to the lack of lower bounds that are both tight and fast. In this paper, we propose several new lower bounds that are based on the concept of energetic reasoning. A major contribution of this work is to investigate several enhanced new feasibility tests that prove useful for deriving new lower bounds that consistently outperform the classical energetic reasoning-based lower bound. In particular, we present the results of a comprehensive computational study, carried out on 1560 benchmark instances, that provides strong evidence that a deceptively simple dual feasible function-based lower bound is highly competitive with a state-of-the-art lower bound while being extremely fast. Furthermore, we found that an effective shaving procedure enables to derive an excellent lower bound that often outperforms the best bound from the literature while being significantly simpler.     

Single sourcing versus dual sourcing under conditions of learning

This paper considers a buyer who has to decide whether to select a single or two sources of supply for a homogeneous product. The production processes of the suppliers are subject to learning effects, which reduce the production costs and increase the production capacities of the suppliers. This, in turn, enables the suppliers to reduce the sales price, which results in lower acquisition costs at the buyer. As the supplier selection decision influences the individual production quantity of a supplier, the learning effect has to be considered when deciding how many and which suppliers to select. Since the effect of learning on the supplier selection problem has not been investigated in the literature, this paper addresses this limitation and derives models for continuous learning and when learning plateaus. Numerical results indicate that the supplier selection decision can comprehensively influence the learning process for the suppliers and therewith the total costs of the system under study. The results also show that it is not necessarily optimal solely to select the supplier with the highest learning rate.     

Enhancing displacement of lead-zirconate-titanate (PZT) thin-film membrane microactuators via a dual electrode design

A common design of piezoelectric microactuators adopts a membrane structure that consists of a base silicon diaphragm, a layer of bottom electrode, a layer of piezoelectric thin film, and a layer of top electrode. In particular, the piezoelectric thin film is often made of lead-zirconate-titanate (PZT) for its high piezoelectric constants. When driven electrically, the PZT thin film extends or contracts flexing the membrane and generating an out-of-plane displacement. Many manufacturing defects, however, could significantly reduce the designed actuator displacement. Examples include residual stresses, warping, non-uniform etching of the silicon diaphragm, and misalignment between the top electrode and the silicon diaphragm. The purpose of this paper is to develop a dual top-electrode design to enhance the actuator displacement. In this design, the top electrode consists of two disconnected (thus independent) electrode areas, while a continuous bottom electrode serves as the ground. The two top electrodes are located in two regions with opposite curvature when the diaphragm deflects. When the two top electrodes are driven in an out-of-phase manner, the actuator displacement is enhanced. Finite element analyses and experimental measurements both confirm the feasibility of this design. When manufacturing defects are present, experimental results indicate that the actuator displacement can be optimized by adjusting the phase difference between the dual top electrodes.     

大学生生活方式二重性研究——基于网络二重属性的影响

网络自然属性与社会属性既相互联系又相互区别;大学生生活方式自然属性与社会属性也相互联系并相互区别;网络二重性对大学生生活方式二重性产生直接的影响。网络的自然属性重塑大学生的社会结构,二重地改变着大学生生活的时空结构。网络的社会属性削弱大学生现实社会关系的不平等性;改变大学生生活的社交范围,并为其提供更新的社交方式;二重地影响着大学生的思想与心理。     

企业园区网规划及部署研究与应用

本文介绍了企业级网络的规划思路和部署概况,对其中的关键技术进行了探讨和研究。重点介绍了企业网的拓扑构成,内网中虚拟局域网的划分和应用,MSTP与VRRP协议支持的双核心架构的应用,无线局域网漫游、网络的安全防护等关键技术。     

农村金融市场服务新农村建设调查的思考

本文分析了我国现阶段农村金融市场的现状及其在农村市场中发展滞后的原因,阐述了我国城乡＂二元经济＂结构决定了要建设一个不同于城乡金融＂一盘棋＂的城乡＂二元金融＂结构,以促进社会主义新农村的建设。     

开展党员双重管理的探索与实践

开展党员双重管理是油田加强社区党建的新尝试、新举措。进一步推动党员双重管理,一是要完善教育引导机制,增强党员参与的自觉性和主动性;二是要完善协调联动机制,增强党员参与工作的推动力和执行力;三是要完善组织运行机制,增强党员双重管理工作的规范性和有效性;四是要完善考核激励机制,增强党员双重管理工作的严肃性和持续性。     

基于双栈移动IPv6的业务流切换方法

在RFC 5555协议基础上,设计并实现一套双栈移动IPv6环境下以流为粒度的多接口业务流切换方法。利用Linux的XFRM框架、Netfilter框架以及策略路由技术,给出一种多接口移动终端在IPv4和IPv6网络中进行业务流重定向的管理方案,为上层的智能切换判决算法提供一种高效的切换实施方式。实验结果表明,该方法在双栈移动IPv6环境下,能够充分利用网络资源,提高传输效率。