Decentralized indirect adaptive control of interconnected systems

Continuous time decentralized indirect adaptive controllers are proposed for a large-scale system composed of N interconnected linear subsystems with unknown parameters. Each local adaptive law utilizes a normalizing signal which is generated using the local input and the outputs of all the subsystems. This requires the exchange of output signals between the different subsystems, so that the scheme is no longer totally decentralized. Nevertheless, the degree of computational complexity is about the same as that of a totally decentralized scheme and this makes the scheme very attractive.     

Location-Independent Access in Mobile Systems

In this paper, we report on the design of a protocol for transparent, location-independent access in mobile systems. The protocol, termed by us Mobile Client/Server Protocol (MCSP) is an implementation of a communication layer on a mobile host and a stationary machine within the wireline network, and provides middleware functionality. The MCSP supports communication services through the client/server paradigm to transaction-oriented applications distributed between the mobile and a set of service and information brokers. To support the mobile and the wireless environment, a surrogate process is created within the fixed network to perform operations on behalf of the mobile within the fixed network. The MCSP then loosely couples the communicating entities, thus reducing the overhead associated with handoffs and disconnects, so characteristic of the mobile environment. Of particular interest is the application of the MCSP to location-based services, for example, the Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems [1].     

用OTCS方法测量InP：Fe中的深能级

用光激瞬态电流谱（ＯＴＣＳ）方法测量半绝缘ＩｎＰ：Ｆｅ的深能级，研究了光强对ＯＴＣＳ测试的影响，在低温下，用强光滑蜊测得ＩｎＰ：Ｆｅ中存在ＥＴ＝０．３４ｅＶ的电子陷阱和ＥＴ＝１．１３ｅＶ的空穴陷阱，光强增大，ＥＴ＝０．３４ｅＶ的电子陷阱的ＯＴＣＳ峰的位置向高温方向移动，不同的光强下测得的ＥＴ也不同。文章从光的强度影响深能级的填充率对ＥＴ进行了理论修正。实验上发现修正后误差大大减小了。     

异常孔隙流体压力对各种相态天然气的间接封闭作用

在异常孔隙流体压力形成机制及条件的基础上,对异常孔隙流体压力在封闭各种相态天然气的作用方面进行了研究。指出:异常孔隙流体压力不能直接对游离相天然气进行封闭,但可使泥岩盖层毛细管封闭能力增强,间接地对封闭游离相天然气起作用;异常孔隙流体压力也不能直接对水溶相天然气进行封闭,但可通过使泥岩盖层吸附阻力增强,间接地对水溶相天然气起作用;异常孔隙流体压力也不能直接对扩散相天然气进行封闭,但可通过形成异常含气浓度,间接地对封闭扩散相天然气起作用。     

资本市场对东方钽业发展的促进作用

从宏观经济的角度介绍了资本市场的成因与作用。对直接融资和间接融资方式的优缺点进行了深入的比较。详细阐述了东方钽业上市融资后对企业发展的巨大推动作用。     

超声间接征象在小儿急性阑尾炎诊断中的临床价值

目的:浅析超声间接征象在小儿急性阑尾炎诊断中的临床应用方法,并对其应用价值进行探讨。方法:以2006年1月至2012年12月我院收治的疑似患有急性阑尾炎的小儿263例作为观察对象,分别进行血常规、超声检测,并对结果进行统计整理,确诊后诊断准确率进行对比。结果:263例患儿确诊为急性阑尾炎101例,采用血常规白细胞检测进行诊断准确率为72.24%,超声检测诊断准确率为96.58%,其中根据间接征象进行诊断准确率达到了95.52%。结论:利用超声诊断小儿急性阑尾炎准确率较高,其中利用间接征象并结合小儿阑尾炎症状进行诊断准确率达到了95.52%,值得临床推广。     

西门子PLC顺序控制功能块在KW造型线的应用

为了简化大型设备的自动化控制程序编制,在使用西门子S7-300或S7--400PLC项目中,使用结构化编程,并采用了POINTER类型变量交叉区域指针寄存器间接寻址方式,不仅程序简单易读,各部分分工明确,存储器空间占用小,设备维修时程序监控一目了然,且可方便地实现转步条件等增减,后续开发更加方便,特别是同时具有实时故障报警功能.研究结果表明,该方法程序编制非常容易,利于多人分工合作,较适用于KW粘土砂造型线等大型设备的顺序控制.     

Comment on “Indirect land use change for biofuels: Testing predictions and improving analytical methodologies” by Kim and Dale: statistical reliability and the definition of the indirect land use change (iLUC) issue

"Indirect land use change for biofuels: Testing predictions and improving analytical methodologies" by S. Kim and B. Dale [1], presents a principal inference not supported by its results, that rests on a fundamental conceptual error, and that has no place in the current discussion of biofuels’ climate effects. The paper takes correlation between two variables in a system with many interacting factors to indicate (or contraindicate) causation, and draws a completely incorrect inference from observed sample statistics and their significance levels.     

A screening level fate model of organic contaminants from advanced water treatment in a potable water supply reservoir

Augmentation of potable water sources by planned indirect potable reuse of wastewater is being widely considered to address growing water shortages. Environmental buffers such as lakes and dams may act as one of a series of barriers to potable water contamination stemming from micropollutants in wastewater. In South-East Queensland, Australia, current government policy is to begin indirect potable reuse of water from reverse osmosis equipped advanced water treatment plants (AWTPs) when the combined capacity of its major storages is at 40% capacity. A total of 15 organic contaminants including NDMA and bisphenol A have been publically reported as detected in recycled water from one of South-East Queensland’s AWTPs, while another 98 chemicals were analysed for, but found to be below their detection limit. To assess the natural attenuation in Lake Wivenhoe, a Level III fugacity based evaluative fate model was constructed using the maximum concentrations of these contaminants detected as input data. A parallel aquivalence based model was constructed for those contaminants, such as dichloroacetic acid, dalapon and triclopyr, which are ionised in the environment of Lake Wivenhoe. A total of 247 organic chemicals of interest, including disinfection by-products, pesticides, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, xenoestrogens and industrial chemicals, were evaluated with the model to assess their potential for natural attenuation. Out of the 15 detected chemicals, trihalomethanes are expected to volatilise with concentrations in the outflow from the dam approximately 400 times lower than influent from the AWTPs. Transformation processes in water are likely to be more significant for NDMA and pharmaceuticals such as salicylic acid and paracetamol as well as for caffeine and the herbicides dalapon and triclopyr. For hydrophobic contaminants such as cholesterol and phenolic xenoestrogens such as 4-nonylphenol, 4-t-octylphenol and bisphenol A, equilibrium between water and sediments will not be attained and hence fate processes such as removal in outflow are predicted to become relatively important.     

Pilot-scale evaluation of ozone and biological activated carbon for trace organic contaminant mitigation and disinfection

In an effort to validate the use of ozone for contaminant oxidation and disinfection in water reclamation, extensive pilot testing was performed with ozone/H₂O₂ and biological activated carbon (BAC) at the Reno-Stead Water Reclamation Facility in Reno, Nevada. Three sets of samples were collected over a five-month period of continuous operation, and these samples were analyzed for a suite of trace organic contaminants (TOrCs), total estrogenicity, and several microbial surrogates, including the bacteriophage MS2, total and fecal coliforms, and Bacillus spores. Based on the high degree of microbial inactivation and contaminant destruction, this treatment train appears to be a viable alternative to the standard indirect potable reuse (IPR) configuration (i.e., membrane filtration, reverse osmosis, UV/H₂O₂, and aquifer injection), particularly for inland applications where brine disposal is an issue. Several issues, including regrowth of coliform bacteria in the BAC process, must be addressed prior to full-scale implementation.