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941.
由传感器、微处理器和无线通信接口组成的无线传感器网络是一门日益引起人们研究兴趣的技术。它广阔地应用于医疗卫生、环境监测等领域。论文设计并实现了一种基于无线传感器技术的温度传感器监控系统。为了降低硬件成本,利用CC2430片内温度传感器进行温度采集。论文首先介绍了CC2430芯片的技术特点、基本功能,阐述了如何利用CC2430片内温度传感器进行温度测量的系统设计,给出了误差处理方法、实验的关键程序代码和实验结果。实验结果表明,基于CC2430片上温度传感器的温度监控系统适用于对监控温度精度要求不高、需自组网的环境。 相似文献
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944.
为控制大型桁架展开机构在低地轨道(Low Earth Orbit,LEO)上的热变形,建立相应的热分析有限元模型,提出3种热控涂层备选方案.根据不同方案计算出机构在LEO上运行4个周期的瞬态温度场,并以最后一个周期的瞬态温度场为基础计算机构的热变形.对热变形的结果进行比较,选取变形值最小的热控涂层方案进行优化,使3根主梁的温差达到最小,从而有效控制桁架展开机构的热变形. 相似文献
945.
模拟集成温度传感器设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了一种模拟集成温度传感器的电路设计。该电路利用双极性晶体管基极-发射极结压降与热力学温度T成比例的关系来实现温度的测量,并在6μm双极工艺线上投片成功。该电路在常温25℃下输出298.2μA的电流,在-55℃~150℃的工作温度范围内的误差不超过±3℃,非线性度误差不超过±0.4℃。 相似文献
946.
Rajesh R. Shrestha Barrie R. Bonsal Ashish Kayastha Yonas B. Dibike Christopher Spence 《Journal of Great Lakes research》2021,47(3):677-689
This study assesses snow response in the Assiniboine-Red River basin, located in the Lake Winnipeg watershed, due to anthropogenic climate change. We use a process-based distributed snow model driven by an ensemble of eight statistically downscaled global climate models (GCMs) to project future changes under policy-relevant global mean temperature (GMT) increases of 1.0 °C to 3.0 °C above the pre-industrial period. Results indicate that basin scale seasonal warmings generally exceed the GMT increases, with greater warming in winter months. The majority of GCMs project wetter winters and springs, and drier summers, while autumn could become either drier or wetter. An analysis of snow water equivalent (SWE) responses under GMT changes reveal higher correlations of snow cover duration (SCD), snowmelt rate, maximum SWE (SWEmax) and timing of SWEmax with winter and spring temperatures compared to precipitation, implying that these variables are predominantly temperature controlled. Consequently, under the GMT increases from 1.0 °C to 3.0 °C, the basin will experience successively shorter SCD, slower snowmelt, smaller monthly SWE and SWEmax, earlier SWEmax, and a transition from snow-dominated to rain-snow hybrid regime. Further, while the winter precipitation increases for some GCMs compensate the temperature-driven changes in SWE, the increases for most GCMs occur as rainfall, thus limiting the positive contribution to snow storage. Overall, this study provides a detailed diagnosis of the snow regime changes under the policy-relevant GMT changes, and a basis for further investigations on water quantity and quality changes. 相似文献
947.
Low impact development (LID) systems have potential to make urban cities more sustainable and resilient, particularly under challenging climate conditions. To quantify performance capabilities, modeling results for an array of combinations of LIDs are described using PCSWMM at lot-level to examine performance of individual LIDs on volume and peak flow reductions. Among the four LIDs studied: rain barrel (RB), vegetative swale (VS), bioretention cell (BC), and permeable pavement (PP), PP at lot-level demonstrated the best capability for reducing surface runoff volumes and peak runoff rates under historical weather conditions, while BC showed similar capability for reduction of runoff volumes but minimal peak flow reduction. With PP as the controlling method at lot-level, the maximum percentage reduction of runoff volume for a 2-year storm is 58% whereas for a 100-year storm, the runoff volume reduction is 20%. These results mean the extent of flooding that may arise from the 100-year storm is reduced, but not eliminated. Effectively, the 100-year storm volumes with LID are devolved to have flooding equivalent to a 25-year storm. Under climate change scenarios, performance for all LIDs declined at various levels, where BC was the most resilient LID for a climate change scenario, such that projected 2-year or 5-year storms with climate change will have its impact devolved with LID in place, to result in similar volumes and peaks without LID under historical conditions. Furthermore, even with an assembly of lot-level LIDs distributed throughout the community, there is not attenuation to substantial degrees of flooding for major events, but there can be effective control for water quantity for small (2- to 5-years in particular) storm events. 相似文献
948.
Seepage well is an emerging Low Impact Development (LID) technology that can effectively control the storm runoff. However, its rainwater infiltration rate and storage capacity still require further enhancement. By setting a horizontal infiltration structure at the bottom of conventional rainwater seepage well (CSW), an enhanced seepage well (ESW) was proposed in this study, and its infiltration performances compared with the permeable pavement (PP) and the CSW were systemically investigated using static infiltration experiment and HYDRUS-2D simulation. The results showed that the infiltration efficiency of ESW was significantly higher than that of PP and CSW, and the process of water infiltrated through soil mainly controlled the macroscopic infiltration rate. The Nash-Sutcliff Efficient (NSE) index was used to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the HYDRUS-2D model, and the results of NSE values greater than 0.75 (varied between 0.75 and 0.91) confirmed the applicability of HYDRUS-2D to describe correctly the hydraulic behavior of the ESW system. Simulation infiltration tests showed that the ESW performed a higher average infiltration rate and fewer total runoff volume than the CSW, indicating the effectively enhancement of the infiltration and water retention capacity of ESW, especially under heavy rainfall intensities. Additionally, the ESW system exhibited an excellent runoff-control and rainwater retention capacity in an actual rainfall scenario. 相似文献
949.
《Calphad》2021
Al2O3–CaO-(MgO–SiO2) inclusions are one of the dominant inclusions in Al-deoxidized spring steel, the compositions changes of which are closely related to refining slags and deoxidization process. The Al2O3–CaO–SiO2–MgO system can represent the primary ingredients of the Al2O3–CaO inclusions. According to analyzed compositions and predicted liquidus temperature ranges of inclusions and refining slag, equilibra experiments under high temperature, water quenching technique and subsquent electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA) has been conducted to ascertain detailed thermodynamic database for inclusions control. Liquidus temperatures within the dominant phase fields of Ca3SiO5, Ca2SiO4, CaAl2O4, Ca3Al4O9, spinel and MgO with the intervals of 20 °C from 1350 to 1560°C were identified. To further promote inclusions control, the influences of mass ratios of Mass(Al2O3)Mass(Al2O3+SiO2+CaO) and MgO contents on equilibrated phases and liquidus temperature changes have been explored. To further enhance modification levels of Al2O3–CaO-(MgO–SiO2) system inclusions, it is suggested that refining time could be suitably prolonged. 相似文献
950.