可印制碳纳米管冷阴极中碳纳米管含量的优化

采用丝网印刷法制备了不同碳纳米管含量的冷阴极.研究了不同碳纳米管含量的冷阴极的场发射特性与其微结构和电学特性的关系.实验发现,碳纳米管冷阴极的导电性和场发射特性受碳纳米管含量影响,具有适当的碳纳米管含量的冷阴极的场发射特性最佳.     

利用静电学和测量数据对碳纳米管膜场致发射规律的定量分析

碳纳米管膜的场致发射电流密度仅由它表面的宏观电场决定，无论其表面形状是平的还是半球状的。对于理想的平行板电极系统，其表面电场强度均匀（UId），发射电流密度、总电流与发射面积成正比：对于半球一平面电极系统半球形的阴极存在一个宏观场增强因子ks，一个与两极距离和球半径之比（d/r）相关的函数，其表面的平均场强为ks U/d。对于d/r=0，ks=1，d≥r的情况，ks接近于常数。对于10〈d／r〈100的情况，存在一个经验的表达式：ks=1＋0．15d/s=0．005（d／r）^2。在引入ks后，不同作者给出的平面电极系统和半球一平面电极系统碳纳米管膜的场致发射电流I与宏观表面电场强度E的关系都可以近似用-经验公式描述：I=a（E-Eo）^b，a，b为常数。该经验公式可为稳定生产的CNT膜片应用产品设计提供方便。     

铁电材料用于阴极发射的研究

铁电材料作为一种新型的阴极材料，具有真空要求低、制作简单、功函数低、响应速度快等特点。本文讨论了铁电阴极发射的机理，回顾了主要铁电阴极材料的发射实验，包括低电压铁电发射实验，最后对铁电阴极材料的应用做了讨论和展望。     

A NIR-II AIEgen-Based Supramolecular Nanodot for Peroxynitrite-Potentiated Mild-Temperature Photothermal Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Compared to conventional photothermal therapy (PTT) which requires hyperthermia higher than 50 °C, mild-temperature PTT is a more promising antitumor strategy with much lower phototoxicity to neighboring normal tissues. However, the therapeutic efficacy of mild-temperature PTT is always restricted by the thermoresistance of cancer cells. To address this issue, a supramolecular drug nanocarrier is fabricated to co-deliver nitric oxide (NO) and photothermal agent DCTBT with NIR-II aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic for mild-temperature PTT. NO can be effectively released from the nanocarriers in intracellular reductive environment and DCTBT is capable of simultaneously producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hyperthermia upon 808 nm laser irradiation. The generated ROS can further react with NO to produce peroxynitrite (ONOOˉ) bearing strong oxidization and nitration capability. ONOOˉ can inhibit the expression of heat shock proteins (HSP) to reduce the thermoresistance of cancer cells, which is necessary to achieve excellent therapeutic efficacy of DCTBT-based PTT at mild temperature (<50 °C). The antitumor performance of ONOOˉ-potentiated mild-temperature PTT is validated on subcutaneous and orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) models. This research puts forward an innovative strategy to overcome thermoresistance for mild-temperature PTT, which provides new inspirations to explore ONOOˉ-sensitized tumor therapy strategies.     

Red,Green, and Blue Light‐Emitting Polyfluorenes Containing a Dibenzothiophene‐S,S‐Dioxide Unit and Efficient High‐Color‐Rendering‐Index White‐Light‐Emitting Diodes Made Therefrom

A series of blue (B), green (G) and red (R) light‐emitting, 9,9‐bis(4‐(2‐ethyl‐hexyloxy)phenyl)fluorene (PPF) based polymers containing a dibenzothiophene‐S,S‐dioxide (SO) unit (PPF‐SO polymer), with an additional benzothiadiazole (BT) unit (PPF‐SO‐BT polymer) or a 4,7‐di(4‐hexylthien‐2‐yl)‐benzothiadiazole (DHTBT) unit (PPF‐SO‐DHTBT polymer) are synthesized. These polymers exhibit high fluorescence yields and good thermal stability. Light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) using PPF‐SO25, PPF‐SO15‐BT1, and PPF‐SO15‐DHTBT1 as emission polymers have maximum efficiencies LE_max = 7.0, 17.6 and 6.1 cd A^?1 with CIE coordinates (0.15, 0.17), (0.37, 0.56) and (0.62, 0.36), respectively. 1D distributed feedback lasers using PPF‐SO30 as the gain medium are demonstrated, with a wavelength tuning range 467 to 487 nm and low pump energy thresholds (≥18 nJ). Blending different ratios of B (PPF‐SO), G (PPF‐SO‐BT) and R (PPF‐SO‐DHTBT) polymers allows highly efficient white polymer light‐emitting diodes (WPLEDs) to be realized. The optimized devices have an attractive color temperature close to 4700 K and an excellent color rendering index (CRI) ≥90. They are relatively stable, with the emission color remaining almost unchanged when the current densities increase from 20 to 260 mA cm^?2. The use of these polymers enables WPLEDs with a superior trade‐off between device efficiency, CRI, and color stability.     

基于离子液体的乙腈-乙醇-水共沸体系节能分离

乙腈生产过程中产生的乙腈-乙醇-水物系,由于在常压下产生了3种二元共沸物和1种三元共沸物,采取常规精馏无法对物系进行有效分离,因此基于COSMO-SAC理论对具有应用潜力的4种离子液体进行筛选,选定1,3-二甲基咪唑磷酸二甲酯([DMIM][DMP])作为分离乙腈-乙醇-水物系的适宜萃取剂,并利用σ-谱图对离子液体与该物系的作用机理进行分析;采用Aspen Plus软件建立了基于离子液体分离乙腈-乙醇-水物系的萃取精馏流程。以年度总费用(TAC)最低为优化目标,并将CO₂排放成本计入目标函数中进行流程优化。在此基础上,为了更有效节能,进一步设计优化了热泵精馏萃取分离流程。最终热泵精馏流程TAC比常规流程降低16.82%,CO₂排放费用减少了23.35%。     

现代显示技术的进展

介绍了几种现代显示技术的发展概况.如:阴极射线管(CRT)、数字光处理技术(DLP)、等离子显示板(PDP)、场发射显示器(FED)、有机发光二极管(OLED)、光栅光阀(GLV)投影显示器、液晶显示系统(LCD)、全色发光二极管(LED)、数字打印全息图(DPH)及视频全息(holovideo)、全息背投屏(holoscreen)、液晶硅(LCOS).对上述几种现代显示技术在结构、原理和技术特点等方面作了比较.特别是对液晶硅显示(LCOS)的结构和原理以及发展趋势和市场走向作了较详细的分析.     

VCSELs与EELs多模弛豫振荡的研究

根据多模速率方程,利用MATLAB提供的SIMULINK软件包对垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSELs)和边发射激光器(EELs)多模弛豫振荡进行了研究。结果表明,与单模情况相比,多模时EELs弛豫振荡频率增大、弛豫和延迟时间缩短,而VCSELs动态特性变化不大。与此同时,在得出VCSELs的单模工作、高速调制以及提高偏置电流或自发辐射因子可改善两类器件动态特性等结论外还看到,VCSELs边模抑制比(SMSR)随偏置电流变化率高于EELs;自发辐射因子增大时,边模强度同比例增大、主模强度减小,利用微腔效应有效控制自发辐射因子可以优化VCSELs的单模特性。     

LNG加气站BOG再液化工艺研究及经济性分析

蒸发气(Boil-Off Gas,BOG)的处理是LNG加气站应考虑的关键问题之一,关系着加气站的能耗及安全平稳运行。为此,建立了LNG加气站BOG产生量静态计算模型,以兰州市某加气能力为1.5×10~(4)m~3/d的加气站为研究对象,设计提出了1套利用液氮冷量的BOG再液化装置(1台液氮储罐,1台BOG/液氮换热器,1台LNG收集罐及管路阀门),以避免BOG直接放散造成的能源浪费和环境污染,实现加气站BOG"零排放"。在此基础上,理论计算了BOG再液化装置的再液化能力,并对其进行经济效益分析。结果表明,加气站BOG的产生量为322kg/d,BOG再液化量与液氮消耗量质量比为1∶1.92,为试验装置的设计提供了理论依据。该装置安全寿命期内静态分析总投资费用为39万元,税前年利润总额为14.4万元,净利润为10.5万元,经济效益较为显著。由此可知,LNG加气站应考虑BOG再液化装置投资。     

MBE growth and microstructural evaluation of Zn(S,Se)-based LEDs and diode lasers

The use of a nitrogen radio frequency plasma source together with an appropriate quantum well configuration have recently resulted in the successful realization of p-type ZnSe by molecular beam epitaxy. This has enabled a variety of pn heterojunction based devices to be built including the first semiconductor injection lasers operating in the blue/green portion of the spectrum first reported by 3M and the Brown/Purdue group. In this paper, we discuss two lattice matched multiple quantum well structures that produce laser emission in the blue and blue/green portion of the spectrum.