电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定土壤中8种组分

为满足土地质量调查的需求,实现土壤中多组分的同时消解及准确测定,提高大批量样品的分析效率,建立了土壤样品经高压密闭消解后,采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定K₂O、Na₂O、CaO、MgO、Ba、Mn、Cu、Zn的方法。通过对消解体系、酸用量、消解温度等方面的考察,确定最佳实验条件;并对待测液中共存元素Al、Fe的干扰进行探讨,两者均不干扰测定。各组分校准曲线线性相关系数均大于0.999;检出限为0.01~10μg/g。实验方法用于测定土壤标准样品GBW07385、GBW07386、GBW07388中K₂O、Na₂O、CaO、MgO、Ba、Mn、Cu、Zn,测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=12)为1.1%~4.3%,相对误差RE为-4.0%~4.6%。采用实验方法对土壤实际样品中K₂O、Na₂O、CaO、MgO、Ba、Mn、Cu、Zn进行测定,结果的RSD(n=6)为1.2%~4.6%;并与地矿行业标准方法DZ/T 0279.2—2016测定结果进行比对,测得结果基本一致。     

石灰回转窑窑尾粉尘超低排放的对策

针对鞍钢股份有限公司鲅鱼圈钢铁分公司石灰回转窑窑尾粉尘未达到超低排放标准的问题,采取了优化除尘器滤料、滤袋结构、布袋喷吹制度,优化风煤配比和治理除尘器漏风率等措施后,回转窑窑尾粉尘浓度降至6 mg/m^3,氧含量控制在10%以下,达到了超低排放的目标。     

Enhanced field emission from nano-graphite coated carbon nanotubes

An effective method by low energy carbonhydrogen ion treatment to enhance field emission of the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is demonstrated. Comparing with control, field emission (FE) currents of the CNTs by carbonhydrogen ion irradiation increased, and the turn-on field and the threshold field decreased significantly. The structure characteristic revealed by transmission electron microscopy demonstrates that CNTs are coated by nano-graphite particles after being treated with low energy carbonhydrogen ion and that there are large quantities of defects and grain boundaries in the coated layer. It is considered that the coating layer can decrease the effective surface work function of CNTs and correspondingly increase field emission. In addition, the defects, the grain boundaries and the C-H dipoles forming in the process of the low energy ions irradiation can effectively enhance the field emission.     

陶瓷样品外束质子荧光定量分析中样品定位精度的研究

通过改变与陶瓷有相似成份的GBW07306水系沉积物标准样品的前后位置和角度,研究了陶瓷样品外束质子荧光(External beam proton induced X-ray emission,外束PIXE)分析中样品位置对测量结果的影响.并以此为依据分析了陶瓷样品外束PIXE定量分析对样品定位精度的要求.结果表明:在质子能量为2.5MeV、样品距离质子引出窗口12mm和质子束入射方向夹角为30°、Si(Li)探测器在80°且距离样品20mm的实验条件下,沿束流方向位置变化引起的相对误差控制在5%以内时,样品定位精确度应高于±0.14mm;样品与质子束夹角变化引起的相对误差控制在5%以内时,样品角度定位需精确到±1.2°.     

点燃式氨氢燃料发动机燃烧与排放模拟研究

通过三维数值仿真方法研究了化学当量比下掺氢比和点火时刻对点燃式氨氢燃料发动机燃烧与排放的影响。结果表明,增加掺氢比可加速火焰传播,缩短燃烧持续期,提高缸内压力和温度峰值。随着掺氢比增加,未燃氨和N₂O排放减少,燃料型和热力型NO生成增多。点火时刻的适当提前可有效改善燃烧特性,平衡NO、N₂O和未燃氨的排放。随着点火时刻的推迟,NO排放减少,N₂O和未燃氨排放呈相反趋势。然而,过于推迟点火会造成较多未燃氨排放,导致放热不完全,指示热效率下降。     

碱回收炉的发展趋势

论述了国内外碱法制浆造纸企业碱回收炉的发展趋势。为进一步提高经济效益，增进安全生产和加强环境保护，大型的高参数的单汽包低臭型碱回收炉得到了发展和应用。     

Synthesis and near-infrared luminescent properties of some ruthenium complexes

A series of seven ruthenium complexes with different ligands were synthesized and their optical, electrochemical and photoluminescent properties were characterized. Electroluminescent properties of these complexes were further evaluated using a light-emitting electrochemical cell with a configuration of indium tin oxide (ITO)/complex (100 nm)/Au (100 nm). Tunable photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) from 630 to 1040 nm have been achieved by adjusting the LUMO and HOMO levels of ruthenium complexes.     

Photoluminescence properties of Tm~(3+)/Tb~(3+)/Sm~(3+)tri-doped Na_5Y_9F_(32)single crystal with high thermal stability for white light-emitting diodes

A novel Tm~(3+)/Tb~(3+)/Sm~(3+)tri-doped Na_5 Y_9 F_(32) single crystal was synthesized by a modified Bridgman method for the propose of white light emitting diodes.The fluorescence spectra of various Sm~(3+)ion concentrations and fixed 0.4 mol% Tm~(3+) and 0.5 mol% Tb~(3+) were measured and studied systematically excited by near-ultraviolet light of 355 nm.The Sm3+ion concentration takes apparent effect on the relative intensity of peaks in the visible region and the color coordinate combining from these emission bands.A near pure white light emission with color coordinates(0.3295,0.3057) and color temperature(5657 K) can be obtained when the concentrations of Tm~(3+),Tb~(3+) and Sm~(3+) ions are 0.4 mol%,0.5 mol%and 0.8 mol%,respectively.Furthermore,the practical down-conversion internal quantum yield was measured by integrating spheres at about 14.39%.The tri-doped Na_5 Y_9 F_(32) single crystal shows a high thermal stability inferring from the temperature dependent emission in which the integrated emission intensities are reduced only by～3% with the increase of temperature from 280 to 450 K.The present results demonstrate that the Tm~(3+)/Tb~(3+)/Sm~(3+)tri-doped Na_5 Y_9 F_(32) single crystal may provide a promising candidate for white light-emitting diodes,luminescent materials and fluorescent display devices.     

汽油/压缩天然气(CNG)两用燃料汽车研究

在神龙富康化油器汽车改为汽油/CNG两用燃料汽车后,整车重量增加55kg动力性下降19%,CO排放增大达25.6倍,HC下降28%.所以化油器式汽车在改用天然气后应对燃烧系统进行必要的调整,否则改用天然气的优越性不能充分的体现出来.而调整后再燃用汽油时就可能引起爆震或残余废气过高.因此应尽可能缩短汽油/CNG两用燃料汽车的过渡时间,加快CNG加气站的建设,将两用燃料汽车改为纯CNG汽车。     

火电厂大气污染物排放新标准实施后电站脱硫技术与市场分析

2004年1月1日起实施的《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》(GBl3223—2003)与旧排放标准(GBl3223—1996)相比在适用范围、时段划分、执行标准等方面有较大调整。阐述了新旧标准的有关区别,并根据新标准要求对采用的技术路线及电站脱硫市场情况进行了分析。