胜利油田污水储罐腐蚀防护方法评价

对胜利油田纯粱采油厂A3钢制生产污水（水温约60℃）储罐使用寿命过低的原因进行了实验考察。水质分析数据表明氯离子浓度高（45-48gm）是污水腐蚀性强的主要因素。A3钢在60℃污水中的腐蚀速率，由极化曲线数据计算的值大大高于失重法测定值，敞开系统中失重法测定值又高于密闭系统中测定值，挂片上出现蚀孔，说明储罐中A3钢发生了氧存在下氟离子引起的局部腐蚀（孔蚀）。元素分析结果表明．储罐阴极保护所用的牺牲阳极铝材含铁等元素量超标。牺牲阳极密封不良，在实验污水中7天后电流效率仅为2．92％，失去阴极保护能力。处于实验污水环境中的有涂层保护的A3钢．14天后出现腐蚀极化电流，表明涂层已失去完整性。要提高该采油厂及胜利油田其他采油厂污水储罐的使用寿命，必须改用合格的牺牲阳极和保护涂层材料。图3表2参7。     

Anodic oxidation of mecoprop herbicide at lead dioxide

The electrochemical oxidation of an aqueous solution containing mecoprop (2-(2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid) has been studied at PbO₂ anodes by cyclic voltammetry and bulk electrolysis. The influence of current density, hydrodynamic conditions, temperature and pH on the degradation rate and current efficiency is reported. The results obtained show that the use of PbO₂ leads to total mineralization of mecoprop due to the production of oxidant hydroxyl radical electrogenerated from water discharge. The current efficiency for the electro-oxidation of mecoprop is enhanced by low current density, high recycle flow-rates and high temperature. In contrast, the pH effect was not significant. It has also been observed that mecoprop decay kinetics follows a pseudo-first-order reaction and the rate constant increases with rising current density.     

Mechanistic investigation into the electrolytic formation of iron from iron(III) oxide in molten sodium hydroxide

Iron(III) oxide tablets were electrolytically reduced to iron in molten sodium hydroxide at 530 °C and recovered to produce iron with 2 wt.% oxygen suitable for re-melting. The cell was operated at 1.7 V and an inert nickel anode was used. The thermodynamics and mechanism of the process was also investigated. By controlling the activity of sodium oxide in the melt, the cell could be operated below the decomposition voltage of the electrolyte with the net sequence of events being the ionization of oxygen, its subsequent transport to the anode and discharge leaving behind iron at the cathode. A reduction time of 1 h was achieved for a 1 g oxide tablet (close to the theoretical reduction time predicted by Faraday’s laws) at a current density of 520 mA cm⁻² with iron phase yields of ∼90 wt.%. The energy consumption was 2.8 kWh kg⁻¹.     

一种二维梯度电极模型的表面热应力缓和设计

针对一种侧面和一端的成分呈梯度变化的圆柱体电极模型进行了热应力缓和优化设计。模型材料成分是金属Cu和NiFe2O4尖晶石陶瓷。采用混合律定律确定材料组分．性质关系，利用ansys有限元分析软件计算了从300K(零应力状态)升温到1300K时模型表面的热应力，分析了层数n、成分指数p以及锥角θ对模型表面热应力分布的影响。结果表明：层数n主要影响应力曲线的光滑程度，层数增加，曲线变得平滑；成分指数p是热应力缓和设计的关键，指数越小，应力越小；锥角θ的增加也可缓和热应力，但作用不如成分指数。     

管道内壁阴极保护技术

阴极保护技术已广泛应用于管道的外防腐,而在管道的内防腐中还存在只适用于大口径管道、保护距离短、阳极与管道内壁绝缘难、安装复杂等问题。为此,江汉油田设计院开展了管道内壁阴极保护技术研究工作。试验证明,管道内壁采用强制电流和牺牲阳极阴极保护完全可行,用在柔性阳极或带状锌合金、铝合金牺牲阳极上外套打孔塑料管或塑料网的安装方式成功地解决了管道内壁阴极保护存在的上述问题,具有适用范围广、施工工艺简单、经济方便等优点。文章着重介绍了塑料套管或塑料网阳极安装方式及其模拟试验、现场试验的条件和结果。     

从铅阳极泥中回收铋的火法工艺实践

主要论述了从铅阳极泥中回收铋的全火法工艺流程改造与实践，并取得了预期的效果。     

高温合金材料在铝电解工业中的应用探讨

对高温合金在铝电解工业用作惰性金属阳极材料的选择进行阐述，并就实际应用过程中的抗氧化耐腐蚀性进行探讨；阐述适用于铝电解工业的惰性阳极合金所应具备的必要条件和必须解决的问题，并介绍目前有关的研究动态和研究方向。     

含RE铝阳极中析出相的电化学行为研究

用电子探针和能谱分析技术，观察了Al-5Zn-0．05In-0．1Sn-1Mg-0．3RE阳极中主要析出相的成分，并熔炼了析出相合金．电位测量和腐蚀后铝阳极表面的电子探针面扫描分析表明：富Sn相为阳极相，富Fe相、富RE相为阴极相；Fe相是铝阳极自腐蚀微电池中的主要阴极相，温度对析出相的电化学行为有影响．     

提高海水温度对锌合金和铝合金牺牲阳极电化学性能的影响

研究了提高海水温度对锌合金和铝合金牺牲阳极电化学性能的影响。结果表明，锌合金和铝合金牺牲阳级的电化学性能都随着海水温度的提高而变劣；凡是发生晶间腐蚀的合金，其晶间腐蚀程度都随着海水温度的提高而加剧。低含铝量的锌－铝－镉合金阳极在７０℃海水介质中，工作电位仍负于－１．０１０Ｖ，电流效率＞８０％，阳极工作表面溶解均匀，且不产生晶间腐蚀。     

Effect of electrolysis superheat degree on anticorrosion performance of 5 Cu/（10NiO-NiFe2O4） cermet inert anode

5Cu/(10NiO-NiFe2O4) cermet inert anodes were prepared by cold-pressing and sintering process, and the effect of superheat degree of melting K3AlF6-Na3AlF6-AlF3 on their anticorrosion performance was studied under electrolysis conditions. The results show that, the fluctuation of cell becomes small with increasing of superheat degree, which is helpful to inhibit the formation of cathodic encrustation; the concentration of impurities from inert anode in bath goes up to certain degree, but it is far smaller than those in traditional high-temperature bath. Increasing the superheat degree of melting K3AlF6-Na3AlF6-AlF3 has unconspicuous effect on the contents of impurities in cathodic aluminum. The total mass fractions of Fe, Ni and Cu in aluminum are 15.38% and 15.09% respectively under superheat degree of 95 and 195 ℃. From micro-topography of anode used view, increasing the superheat degree can aggravate corrosion of metal Cu in inert anode, and has negative influence on electrical conductivity of electrode to some extent.