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131.
本文从残极电解质清理破碎工艺、设施及主要设备的选型等角度探讨了残极清理车间的设计。 相似文献
132.
In this study, various tape cast NiO/YSZ anode support layers with similar geometric properties are fabricated by varying the doctor blade from 100?µm to 200?µm with an increment of 25?µm. The mechanical properties of the anode support layers are investigated by three point bending tests of 30 samples for each doctor blade gap. The reliability curves of the flexural strength data are also obtained via two-parameter Weibull distribution method. The effects of the doctor blade gap on the microstructure and the electrochemical performance of the anode support layers are determined via SEM investigations and single cell performance-impedance tests, respectively. The apparent porosities of the samples are also measured by Archimedes’ principle. The results indicate that the doctor blade gap or the resultant tape thickness influences the microstructure of tape cast NiO/YSZ anode supports significantly, yielding different mechanical and electrochemical characteristics. At a reliability level of 70%, the highest flexural strength of 110.20?MPa is obtained from the anode support layer with a doctor blade gap of 175?µm and the 16?cm2 active area cell with this anode support layer also exhibits the highest peak performance of 0.483?W/cm2 at an operating temperature of 800?°C. Thus, a doctor blade gap of 175?µm is found to have such a microstructure that provides not only better mechanical strength but also higher electrochemical performance. 相似文献
133.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2014,39(36):21231-21241
The effect of porosity and atmosphere on the polarisation resistance of Ni-BZY cermet anodes for protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The level of porosity was adjusted by the use of differing amounts of starch porogen. The total polarisation resistance of the cermet anode (Rp) generally showed an increase with increasing porosity. The high frequency polarisation resistance (R2) was shown to have low atmosphere dependence but presented a strong correlation to microstructural variations. In contrast, the low frequency polarisation resistance (R3) was shown to have a low dependence on humidity but demonstrated a strong negative dependence on pH2 with a value of unity. Subsequent discussion relates the lower frequency response to the dissociative adsorption of H2 on the anode surface. The present study highlights that porogens are not required for peak performance in PCFC anodes under standard operating conditions, a result contrary to that of their oxide-ion conducting cermet counterparts. 相似文献
134.
Gerardo Valadez Huerta Johanan Álvarez Jordán Michael Dragon Keno Leites Stephan Kabelac 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2018,43(34):16684-16693
Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems with anode off-gas recirculation (AGR) and diesel pre-reforming are advantageous because they can operate with the current fuel infrastructure. In the SchIBZ-project, the prototype of such a SOFC system for maritime applications has already been commissioned. In this first paper, we model the system devices to conduct an exergy analysis of this real SOFC plant and validate them with experimental values from experiments in laboratory scale. The results of our simulation agree well with the experimental values. The calculations with the validated results may be closer to the real thermodynamic behavior of such system components than previous literature. 相似文献
135.
Ekaterina Koroleva Ilya Reshetov Ekaterina Babich Sergey Vakhrushev Dmitry Tagantsev Andrey Lipovskii 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2022,105(5):3418-3427
Broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) was applied to study polarization phenomena in alkaline silicate glasses, in particular, properties and structure of subsurface (anodic) polarized layers forming in poling with deposited film electrodes of different structures. A model of poled glasses which does not contradict experimental data is proposed. In accordance with the model, a poled glass is presented as two resistor-capacitor circuits in a series connection, one of which is the polarized layer and another is the rest of the sample. It is found that the electric properties of the layers essentially depend on the structure of the anodic electrode used in glass poling. It is also shown that the dielectric response of poled glass samples is mainly determined by the electric properties of the submicron polarized layers and this gives an opportunity to reveal specific properties of the layers rather than ones of the glass sample bulk. Revealed temperature dependence of DC conductivity of the polarized layers obeys Arrhenius's law, and determining activation energy does not depend on the electrode. Finally, it is noted that today above-mentioned information about polarized layers can be obtained only by BDS. 相似文献
136.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(18):26408-26415
Hybrid aqueous rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (HARLIBs) have lower cost and better safety performance than conventional lithium-ion batteries (organic electrolytes). The challenge faced by HARLIBs are the narrow selection of anode and cathode materials, and overcoming the problems of capacity decay of anode and cathode materials in aqueous electrolytes. NaTi2(PO4)3, which has a stable three-dimensional open framework structure, shows certain applicability in HARLIBs, but its inherent low electronic conductivity leads to poor utilization of active materials and inferior rate performance. In this article, we propose an experimental method that can improve the conductivity of NaTi2(PO4)3/C, and study the electrochemical performance of NaTi2(PO4)3/C aqueous half-cell and NaTi2(PO4)3/C||LiMn2O4 hybrid aqueous full cell. The results show that Ti3+/oxygen vacancies can endow NaTi2(PO4)3/C with higher conductivity and improve the specific capacity and rate capability (69 mAh·g?1, 7C). At 1C, the second discharge specific capacity is 98.46 mAh·g?1. After 100 cycles, the Rct was 2.92 × 10?2 Ω. The NaTi2(PO4)3/C//LiMn2O4 full cell can provide a discharge specific capacity of up to 101.07 mAh·g?1. The synthesized NaTi2(PO4)3/C material can be applied to the anode electrode of hybrid aqueous lithium-ion full cell. 相似文献
137.
Rui-an Huang Yuzhong Guo Zhining Chen Xingshuai Zhang Jianhua Wang Bin Yang 《Ceramics International》2018,44(4):4282-4286
A new three-dimensional (3D) sandwich-like Si/Polyaniline/Graphene nanoarchitecture anode for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) is successfully fabricated through an easy approach. In this nanoarchitecture, the in-situ polymerized electronic conductive polyaniline (PAni) hydrogel, acting as “glue”, agglutinates tightly to both the silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) and graphene sheets, forming efficient conductive networks with high elastic modulus and high tensile strength. This mechanically robust nanoarchitecture can endure the great volume change of silicon and retain structural stability during Li-ion insertion/extraction. The electrodes consisting of this 3D sandwich-like Si/Polyaniline/Graphene nanoarchitecture reveal excellent electrochemical performance. The progress made in this work provides an easy and scalable route for preparing Si-based anode materials with high performance for advanced LIBs. 相似文献
138.
Anode-supported cone-shaped tubular solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are successfully fabricated by a phase inversion method. During processing, the two opposite sides of each cone-shaped anode tube are in different conditions--one side is in contact with coagulant (the corresponding surface is named as “W-surface”), while the other is isolated from coagulate (I-surface). Single SOFCs are made with YSZ electrolyte membrane coated on either W-surface or I-surface. Compared to the cell with YSZ membrane on W-surface, the cell on I-surface exhibits better performance, giving a maximum power density of 350 mW cm−2 at 800 °C, using wet hydrogen as fuel and ambient air as oxidant. AC impedance test results are consistent with the performance. The sectional and surface structures of the SOFCs were examined by SEM and the relationship between SOFC performance and anode structure is analyzed. Structure of anodes fabricated at different phase inversion temperature is also investigated. 相似文献
139.
Ho Seong Lee Hyun Mi Lee Jun-Young Park Hyung-Tae Lim 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2018,43(49):22511-22518
This study investigated the effect of H2S concentration (5, 10 and 50 ppm) on the degradation and performance of Ni-YSZ anode supported solid oxide fuel cells. When supplied with hydrogen fuel containing H2S, the cell voltage dropped rapidly, and with increasing H2S concentration, voltage drop % increased (due to higher sulfur coverage on the Ni surface) and saturated more rapidly. A high concentration (50 ppm) of H2S led to an additional, slow rate voltage loss. In all cases, cell performance did not completely recover even after being supplied with H2S-free hydrogen fuel, because of the incomplete desorption of sulfur from the Ni surface. After the performance tests, nickel sulfides were detected on the Ni surface by Raman spectra, which were produced by the reaction of the remaining adsorbed sulfur with Ni during the cooling process. This indicates that the formation of nickel sulfides was not responsible for the secondary voltage drop. SEM/EDS analyses combined with FIB revealed that the reason for the additional 2nd drop was Ni oxidation; at a high sulfur coverage ratio (50 ppm), the outer layer of the Ni particle was oxidized by oxygen ions transported from the electrolyte. This indicates that H2S concentration as well as current density is a critical factor for Ni oxidation, and gives rise to the second voltage drop (irreversible cell degradation). The present work showed that the degradation behavior and phenomenon can differ significantly depending on the concentration of H2S, i.e., permanent changes may or may not occur on the anode (such as Ni oxidation) depending upon H2S concentration. 相似文献
140.
Toshiyuki Momma Hiroki Nara Shinpei YamagamiChika Tatsumi Tetsuya Osaka 《Journal of power sources》2011,196(15):6483-6487
Many efforts have been paid to realize the superior anodes for future Li batteries in either the dry Ar atmosphere or the dry air atmosphere. In this work, in order to clarify the effects of such atmospheres, the most reactive anodes of Li were freshly electrodeposited under the dry Ar or under the dry air condition. The Solid Electrolyte Interface (SEI) formed during the electrodeposition of Li anodes is revealed to have a different chemical composition and protective feature. The Li deposited under the dry air was revealed to have longer cycle life in the electrolyte than that deposited in Ar, even in the electrolyte containing ionic liquid. From the XPS results, the SEI formed in dry air is proved to be different from that formed in Ar gas atmospheres, that is, the SEI formed in dry air consists of Li2CO3 and Li nitride. In order to improve the performance of the anodes, the atmosphere for the initial preparation of the anode/electrolyte interface should be tuned. 相似文献