天然肉桂油臭氧化制取苯甲醛

利用天然肉桂油中富含的肉桂醛，经过臭氧化反应和还原反应制得了苯甲醛。由该法制得的苯甲醛在国际上可作为天然苯甲醛使用。     

Transformations of sulphur compounds in high-sulphur coals during reduction in the potassium/liquid ammonia system

The two types of high-sulphur coals Mequinenza and Illinois No. 6, in the initial form and subjected to potassium/liquid ammonia reduction, were analysed by atmospheric pressure-temperature programmed reduction (AP-TPR) method. It has been shown that preliminary demineralisation was beneficial for AP-TPR measurements because of the removal of calcium compounds. The reduction of sulphides and disulphides in the potassium/liquid ammonia system was found to lead to formation of aromatic and aliphatic thiols. The presence of the latter is better manifested in the AP-TPR kinetograms when the measurements are performed in the presence of a special reducing mixture. It has been shown that the coal reduction in the potassium/liquid ammonia system apart from transformations of non-thiophene sulphur groups also leads to breaking up of the C-S bonds in some thiophene systems.     

FCM聚类算法的改进

模糊C均值（FCM）算法广泛地应用于模式识别、图像分割等领域。根据FCM算法存在对初始解敏感且迭代过程中计算量大的问题,本文提出了一种改进的算法：先通过精简数据集,减少算法迭代的时间;再使用密度函数法得到FCM算法的初始聚类中心,以减少FCM算法收敛所需的迭代次数。实验结果表明,改进后的算法较好地解决了类中心的初值化问题,提高了算法的收敛速度和运行效率。     

Influence of metal oxides on the catalytic behavior of Au/Al2O3 for the selective reduction of NOx by hydrocarbons

The reduction of NO by propene in the presence of excess oxygen over mechanical mixtures of Au/Al₂O₃ with a bulk oxide has been investigated. The oxides studied were: Co₃O₄, Mn₂O₃, Cr₂O₃, CuO, Fe₂O₃, NiO, CeO₂, SnO₂, ZnO and V₂O₅. Under lean C₃H₆-SCR conditions, these oxides (with the exception of SnO₂) convert selectively NO to NO₂. When mechanically mixed with Au/Al₂O₃, the Mn₂O₃ and Co₃O₄ oxides and, to a much greater extent, CeO₂ act synergistically with this catalyst greatly enhancing its SCR performance. It was found that their synergistic action is not straightforwardly related to their activity for NO oxidation to NO₂. The exhibited catalytic synergy may be due to the operation of either remote control or a bifunctional mechanism. In the later case, the key intermediate must be a short-lived compound and not the NO₂ molecule in gas-phase.     

Microstructure of Pd/CeO2 catalyst: Effect of high temperature reduction in hydrogen

The effect of high temperature reduction (HTR) in hydrogen (up to 1180 K) on the microstructure of 9 wt.-% Pd/CeO₂ catalyst was studied by HRTEM and XRD methods. Reduction of the catalyst at or above 973 K caused severe recrystallization of CeO₂ and Pd with simultaneous strong interaction between the two components appearing as three phenomena: epitaxial growth of small Pd particles on CeO₂ (most frequently with [111]Pd[111]CeO₂); decoration of large Pd particles with ordered CeO₂ overlayer and expansion of the lattice parameter of Pd (by 2.1%). The origin of the Pd lattice expansion is discussed and diffusion of Ce species into the Pd lattice seems to be the most probable one. HTR caused also phase transformations in the ceria support. At 973 K and 1100 K, whole CeO₂ was transformed into oxygen deficient CeO_x phase exhibiting the same or similar structure but with expanded lattice parameter (by 2.8%). At 1180 K most ceria was transformed into hexagonal A-Ce₂₃. The CeO_x phase appeared to be stable in hydrogen and in vacuum at room temperature, but upon exposure to air at room temperature it rapidly reoxidised to CeO₂. Ce₂O₃ also reoxidised to CeO₂ but much slower. Another consequence of HTR at or above 773 K was formation of pits in CeO₂ crystallites, mainly on (112)-type crystal faces. The pits (1–10 nm) exhibited well defined walls parallel to CeO₂ lattice fringes and they could possibly constitute nucleation sites for strongly bonded, epitaxial oriented Pd particles.     

一种基于NTRU新型签名方案的设计

NSS和NTRUSign是2种典型的基于NTRU格数字签名方案.为了解决安全性问题及提高算法速度,提出一种基于NTRU的新型数字签名方案,分析了本方案的安全性难题、格基规约攻击以及副本分析攻击,对比了NT-RUSign、胡予濮提出的改进方案NSS_Hu和本方案3种算法的性能参数,表明本方案在不降低安全性的同时,整体签名验证在复杂度理论程度上速度提升1/7.     

碱金属在白云鄂博铁精矿还原中的催化作用研究

利用失重法对碳的气化反应、CO气体以及碳还原白云鄂博铁精矿进行了实验,使用矿相、XRD分析了还原后样品的相组成与显微结构。研究结果表明：加入催化剂后,碳的气化反应速率和铁精矿还原速率提高,且K2CO3和Na2CO3的催化效果明显优于CaCO3的催化效果。催化剂的加入有助于碳的活性提高,加速了碳的气化反应,从而促进了白云鄂博铁精矿还原反应进行。     

基于粗糙集数据挖掘方法的最大功率研究

风电机组在运行过程中会产生大量的机组数据,随着大量数据的积累及数据库的应用,为了有效地利用产生的有用数据,运用粗糙集数据挖掘方法对数据的属性进行简约、决策,发现数据之间的关联规则,为机组高效运行提供条件.仿真结果表明,基于粗糙集数据挖掘方法不仅可以减小特定属性信息提取的工作量,还能在数据分析中发挥决策的优越性.     

制镁还原罐的研制

从含镁的矿石中提炼金属镁的方法已不仅仅是电解法 ,还有目前广泛采用的真空还原法 (皮江法 ) ,但其所用的还原罐寿命短、价格高一直是困扰着国内、国外生产的难题。用研制出新的材料和改革后的铸造工艺生产出的还原罐 ,较好地解决了上述问题 ;并达到国内、国外先进水平。     

连铸轻压下技术的机理比较

轻压下技术对改善连铸坯中心偏析有显著的效果，在生产中得到了广泛的应用。为此分析了两种机械压下技术改善中心偏析的机理，比较两者改善中心偏析的效果，并进一步讨论了轻压下技术在工业应用中要注意的问题。