A new class of corrosion inhibitors for waterborne coatings: 4-methyl-γ-oxo-benzene-butanoic acid complexes

Amine and transition metal based complexes with 4-methyl-γ-oxo-benzene-butanoic acid represent a new class of corrosion inhibitors specifically designed for long-term corrosion protection in waterborne coatings. Today, corrosion protection in waterborne technology is typically achieved using traditional anticorrosive pigments initially developed for use in solventborne coatings. Regulations concerning heavy metals and limitations regarding the compatibility and performance of such materials in waterborne coatings have created a need for novel approaches. Mechanistic aspects are discussed for the 4-methyl-γ-oxo-benzene-butanoic complexes based on electrochemical solution experiments (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV)) and investigations performed on coated substrates. Exposure results underline the high efficiency of such complexes for both long-term corrosion protection and weld seam rust control in waterborne coatings.     

二聚炔醇酸性介质缓蚀剂的合成与应用

对二聚炔醇化合物ＤＭＨ的合成、分子结构及缓蚀作用机理进行了论述。因ＤＭＨ化合物具有独特的分子结构，形成了稳定的络合体系及基团的屏蔽效应，增加了缓蚀被膜厚度及缓蚀体系的化学稳定性，实验证实ＤＭＨ是酸性介质中的高效缓蚀剂。     

Chemical and Physical Signals Mediating Conspecific and Heterospecific Aggregation Behavior of First Instar Stink Bugs

We investigated cues that mediate the aggregation behavior of immature pentatomid bugs by using nymphs of six different pentatomid bug species (Nezara viridula, Acrosternum hilare, Chlorochroa ligata, Chlorochroa sayi, Thyanta pallidovirens, and Euschistus conspersus). When first instars of any two species were put together in a Petri dish, they readily formed heterospecific aggregations similar to their natural conspecific aggregations. The chemical profiles of first and second instar nymphs of each species were determined by solvent extraction with pentane, followed by GC-MS analysis. Immature bugs of the different species had some compounds in common, and some that were more species specific. Within a species, there were distinct differences in the profiles of compounds extracted from first and second instars. Bugs did not aggregate around untreated polysulfone beads (1 mm diam) that were glued together in groups approximating bug egg masses, suggesting that tactile cues alone were insufficient to induce aggregation. Furthermore, when tested over a range of doses, groups of polysulfone beads treated with crude whole-body extracts of bugs did not induce or maintain aggregations. However, first instar N. viridula nymphs did respond to beads treated with two of the three major components of bug extracts. 4-Oxo-(E)-2-decenal induced significant aggregations at two doses, whereas tridecane, the major component in extracts from all six species, did not, and (E)-2-decenal was repellent. The repellence of (E)-2-decenal may explain why we and previous researchers were unable to induce aggregations of first instar N. viridula using whole-body extracts.     

纳米稀土复合固体超强酸催化合成乙酸苄酯

采用共沉淀法制备了纳米稀土复合固体超强酸SO4^2-／ZrO2-2％Nd2O3催化剂，电镜分析表明，催化剂颗粒直径在25nm左右，比表面积测定：71．03m^2／g。酸强度-12．70〈Ho〈-11．99。并对合成乙酸苄酯的最佳反应条件进行了研究。研究表明：当苯甲醇与乙酸的物质的量比为1：2，反应时间为5h，反应温度为120℃，催化剂用量为6％苯甲醇的质量时，酯化率可达92．04％。研究发现，该催化剂可重复使用并可活化再生。     

Characterization of konjac glucomannan–quaternized poly(4‐vinyl‐N‐butyl) pyridine blend films and their preservation effect

Novel polymer blends were prepared from a mixture of 2 wt % konjac glucomannan and 4 wt % quaternized poly(4‐vinyl‐N‐butyl) pyridine (QPVP) in aqueous solution and dried at room temperature for 72 h. Their structure and properties were studied by infrared, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Thermal stability in the dry state was reduced with increasing content of QPVP. Compared with QPVP film, the tensile strength of the films was improved in the dry state. The maximum value of 12.74% tensile break elongation was reached when the content of QPVP was 30%. Structural analysis indicated that clear phase separation was observed when the content of QPVP was only 50%. Results from the filmcoating preservation experiments with lychee showed that this blend film had water‐holding ability. The fruit weight loss rate and rot rate both decreased in various degrees. The potential uses of these novel polymer films could be as preservative films. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 1868–1875, 2004     

Catalytic dehydrogenation of isopropanol on La2−xSrxNiO4±y

The series of compounds La_2–xSr_xNiO_4±y (0.0 x 1.0) crystallising in tetragonal K₂NiF₄ structure were prepared and catalytic activity have been investigated using isopropanol decomposition as model reaction. All the catalyst compositions catalyse only the dehydrogenation of isopropanol reaction. The composition La_1.5Sr_0.5NiO₄ showed high activity compared to other compositions in the series. The composition is unique not only in catalytic property but also in other physical properties like structural characteristics, electrical resistivity and metal to semiconductor transition.     

2-（4-氯苯氨基）甲基苯酚降解的动力学研究

采用高效液相色谱技术,开展了Fenton试剂对2-（4-氯苯氨基）甲基苯酚（CMP）的氧化降解动力学的研究。考察了初始双氧水摩尔浓度、亚铁离子摩尔浓度和温度等因素对CMP降解速率的影响,结果表明,当双氧水摩尔浓度、亚铁离子摩尔浓度增大和温度升高时,CMP的氧化速率明显加快。在30~45℃的温度范围内,其氧化降解符合假一级反应动力学模型,反应的表观活化能Ea为102.90kJ/mol。     

Immobilizing chromium in stainless steel slags with MnO addition

This work investigates the stabilizing impact of MnO on the leaching behavior of hazardous Cr-containing CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃-MnO stainless steel slags after equilibrating at various elevated temperatures and evaluates the potential immobilization of Cr into a MnCr₂O₄ spinel phase from the existing Cr₂O₃ phase. The MnCr₂O₄ spinel phase was found to be an excellent Cr-stabilizer in stainless steel slags, where the leaching tendency of potentially hazardous Cr-related ions decreased with higher MnO content and lower equilibration temperatures within the range of 0 to 15 mass pct. and 1500 to 1300°C, respectively. Thermodynamic calculations by conducting the phase stability diagram also showed that the MnCr₂O₄ spinel phase was relatively stable and the Ca₃Si₂O₇ (Ca_3-xMn_xSi₂O₇) phase was relatively unstable compared with other crystal phases in acid extractant with pH value of 3.2. Combined with the scanning electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction results along with the thermodynamic calculations, the leached Cr-related ions was predominantly originating from the unstable amorphous glass phase.