国产掘进机在龙门滩引水隧洞施工中的应用

在长隧洞的施工中，采用掘进机施工的工程越来越多，特别是国外掘进机的引进，加快了长隧洞工程的开发。而国产掘进机由于其性能和材质方面的原因，存在着一定的技术缺陷．通过国产SJ-45型掘进机在龙门滩工程的施工应用，分析和总结了SJ-45型掘进机的机械性能和存在的技术问题及处理结果，以利于国产掘进机的科研、生产和施工。     

Manufacturing method for monolithic dye-sensitised solar cells permitting long-term stable low-power modules

A manufacturing technique for monolithic dye-sensitised solar cells is presented. Encapsulated modules designed for indoor low-power applications have been prepared using industrial methods and equipment. Under certain conditions (light intensity <5000 lx, temperature between –10°C and 50°C, and relative humidity of appr. 50%), the modules have performed well and shown excellent long-term stability. Moreover, modules withstand illumination in combination with storage at 100% relative humidity. However, a certain degradation of the module performance takes place at illuminations exceeding 5000 lx and temperatures exceeding 50°C.     

就地补偿在动力厂水泵电机上的应用实例

就我公司动力厂给水车间155kW水泵电机无功就地补偿的可行性及经济效益进行了分析和研究，对工厂用电如何节能降耗有一定的参考价值。     

Gleeble 3800热模拟试验机在宝钢的典型应用与功能开发

热模拟试验可研究成分与各工艺参数对组织和性能的影响，用于指导产品设计和实际生产工艺的制定，还有助于建立数学模型。文章介绍了Gleeble 3800热／力模拟试验机在宝钢实际应用中的几个典型试验，包括高温热塑性试验、多道次变形试验、冷轧薄板相转变点试验和HAZ焊接热影响区热模拟试验等。这些试验可用来解决连铸、轧钢和冷轧产品热处理生产中存在的一些问题。     

Hydrothermal Modeling Studies of Cooling Tower Alternatives

The Environmental Effects Committee of the ASCE Energy Engineering Division has been developing a report on “Energy Production and Reservoir Water Quality” for publication. The report covers the regulatory framework that dictates much of the procedures for studies related to this topic, the fundamental reservoir hydrodynamics and water quality modeling used in preparing studies, the kinds of studies that can be prepared at different levels of analysis, and a series of applications that illustrate the problems encountered and applications of the various techniques. This study of hydrothermal modeling as applied to examining cooling tower alternatives for an existing steam electric station on a moderately large reservoir is included in this report and is presented here as an illustration of the types of studies included. This particular study subtended the usual steam electric plant cooling water discharge studies that relate to specific regulatory thermal plume size standards, and had to be designed around developing plant and cooling tower operations that would meet specific fisheries requirements for a zone of passage and refuge for fishes throughout the receiving embayment. After being used in developing cooling tower and plant operating details for the designers to work with, it was required that the hydrothermal modeling results be verified under actual tower operating conditions. In addition, it was required that the impact of the combined operations on dissolved oxygen be examined in detail. This paper covers the background to setting up the study, the kinds of statistical comparisons used to verify the hydrothermal studies, and similar studies for the analysis of dissolved oxygen distributions.     

Burner Performance Evaluation Using Test Code

Development of new burner technology is common practice nowadays. Standardized test codes are available to conduct tests to determine operating characteristics and thermal performance of different parts of steam generating units. This paper describes the results of testing performed to evaluate thermal efficiency of a 74.5?kW fire-tube steam generator fired with a new premixed flame burner in comparison to a typical standard-retrofit diffusion flame burner system. Two premixed flame burners sized at 7.6 and 10.1?cm were tested. Testing was performed in accordance with the ASME PTC 4.1 Power Test Code. The evaluation was conducted in the range of small- to mid-sized, natural gas-fired applications, from 1.06?to?2.64×106?kJ/h. The environmental nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions performance was also compared for both burner technologies. The results of this evaluation indicate that firing the test boiler with the 7.6?cm new burner slightly improves unit thermal efficiency by 4.0–3.3% for a unit load ranging from approximately 1.06?to?1.79×106?kJ/h, respectively. Operation with the 10.1?cm new burner improves the thermal efficiency by approximately 1.6% at 2.32×106?kJ/h. The uncertainty in the measurements used in the efficiency calculations should account for approximately ±1.5% uncertainty in the reported gross efficiency. Reductions in NOx emissions of the order of 10% resulted from operation with the new premixed flame burners.     

Synthesis of 2,7‐Carbazolenevinylene‐Based Copolymers and Characterization of Their Photovoltaic Properties

New electroactive and photoactive conjugated copolymers consisting of alternating 2,7‐carbazole and oligothiophene moieties linked by vinylene groups have been developed. Different oligothiophene units have been introduced to study the relationship between the polymer structure and the electronic properties. The resulting copolymers are characterized by UV‐vis spectroscopy, size‐exclusion chromatography, and thermal and electrochemical analyses. Bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells from different copolymers and a soluble fullerene derivative, [6,6]‐phenyl‐C₆₁ butyric acid methyl ester, have been fabricated, and promising preliminary results are obtained. For instance, non‐optimized devices using poly(N‐(4‐octyloxyphenyl)‐2,7‐carbazolenevinylene‐alt‐3″,4″‐dihexyl‐2,2′;5′,2″;5″,2″′;5″′,2″″‐quinquethiophenevinylene 1″,1″‐dioxide) as an absorbing and hole‐carrier semiconductor exhibit power conversion efficiency up to 0.8 % under air mass (AM) 1.5 illumination. These features make 2,7‐carbazolenevinylene‐based and related polymers attractive candidates for solar‐cell applications.     

Use of rheology, dielectric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry for gel time determination of a thermoset

Measurements of gel time of the epoxy system DGEBA(n=0)/m-XDA were carried out using rheometry and dielectric analysis with the objective of checking the validity of Mangion-Johari equation (DEA) and Harran-Laudouard criterium (rheometry) for gel time determination. In this work, gel times obtained by rheometry and dielectric analysis are compared and conversions at gel time calculated. From the experimental results obtained for gel times it was found a reasonable agreement between the two techniques that lead to gel conversion values very close to those obtained using Flory equation.     

核电反应堆用芯部材料的核物理性能

核物理性能是核电站反就堆芯部结构材料的首要技术条件。本文概述合金材料核物理的有关问题，以及核截面的计算方法。     

热回流式冷凝器的设计

热回流式冷凝器可以形成接近于冷凝气体沸点温度的热回流，采用气液两相分路结构，讨论了此种冷凝器换热面积及液泛极限速度的计算。