冷热循环工艺中冷热转移速率对LY12铝合金尺寸稳定性的影响

研究了冷热转移速率对LY1 2铝合金微屈服强度和残余应力的影响。结果表明 ,提高冷热转移速率易使材料中形成稳定的位错组态 ,从而有利于提高微屈服强度 ;对于圆柱和圆环试样 ,提高冷热转移速率不利于降低残余应力。分析认为 ,冷热转移速率应根据工件几何形状和尺寸进行相应调整。     

圆柱体平板镦粗应力场的有限元分析

应用刚粘塑性有限元法对圆柱体在两平板间镦粗时的应力场进行了分析 ,给出了毛坯在不同初始高径比时的心部应力随压下量的变化曲线。由此得出 :在变形过程中 ,圆柱体心部存在两向拉应力 ;并且在墩粗过程中 ,当瞬时高径比约为 1 .0时 ,心部σθ、σr 由拉应力转变为压应力。     

Microstructural evidence for short-circuit oxygen diffusion paths in the oxidation of a dilute Ni-Cr alloy

A comparative study of high-temperature oxidation of Ni containing 1 at.% Cr and pure Ni was carried out. Instead of the conventional kinetics study using thermogravimetry, a microlithographic marker experiment was designed. Observation of the markers using cross-sectional TEM and SEM has revealed striking differences in the scale morphology, microstructures, and oxidation mechanisms between pure Ni and the Cr-doped Ni substrates. In particular, the results suggest that a small addition of Cr promotes significant inward transport of oxygen. Marker experiments revealed that NiO grown on pure Ni is wholly attributable to outward-cation diffusion. In contrast, NiO grown on Ni–1 at.% Cr exhibited formation of a substantial inner layer having a submicron grain size, established by the markers to have formed from oxygen ingress. For pure Ni, voids were observed to be distributed only within oxide grains. In contrast, for Ni containing 1 at.% Cr, elongated pores formed extensively along oxide-grain boundaries. Formation of new fine-grain oxide in these pores was observed to have sometimes completely resealed the void. It is, therefore, proposed that the transport of oxygen in the case of oxide scale grown on Ni–1 at.% Cr occurs via voids (pores) formed by vacancy coalescence at the grain boundaries.     

A model to predict the evolution of pitting corrosion and the pit-to-crack transition incorporating statistically distributed input parameters

A model based on deterministic equations with statistically distributed input parameters has been developed for simulating the evolution of the pit depth distribution at different exposure times and the percentage of pits that transform to stress corrosion cracks. The model has been applied to the specific case of steam turbine disc steel exposed to a range of environments under applied stress. With preliminary fitting at one exposure time, the simulation not only reflects the trends in the experimental measurement but also the model, uniquely, reproduces the statistical variability or “noise” associated with the measurements.     

CNG储气瓶的金属磁记忆检测

使用金属磁记忆检测方法和超声方法对在役的七组公交车CNG高压储气瓶组进行了检测,并对比分析了两种方法的检测结果。结果表明,金属磁记忆方法检测到的可疑区域涵盖了超声检测到的缺陷区域,因此用磁记忆方法检测高压储气瓶,有较高的可靠性和高效性。     

氢及缺口状态对40CrNiMo钢断裂强度的影响

通过对４０ＣｒＮｉＭｏ光滑与三种不同缺口状态的试样进行试验发现，氢对材料强度的影响与外加应变速率的大小有关。在空气中试验，缺口状态对材料断裂强度几乎无影响；而在氢气中试验，则发现缺口根部半径Ｒ的变化对材料断裂强度影响极大；当缺口根部半径一定，仅改变外径Ｄ或缺口处最小直径ｄ所得两种缺口状态对缺口强度的影响不大。     

多层水平气流带式干燥机的数学模型

根据干燥传质传热学原理和干燥动力学特性，建立了水平气流带式干燥机干燥过程的数学模型。该模型可以预测干燥机合理的通风道高度、带翻转最佳时间和热风风速等。为优化多层带式干燥机的结构或设计新的水平气流带式干燥机提供了理论依据。     

有限长矩形压力容器的应力分析法

对有限长承受内压的矩形压力容器，本文提出了同时考虑矩形容器６个面相互作用的分析计算方法。用所编制的程序计算了一个实际的矩形容器，得到了满意的结果。     

Planar and axially symmetric slow shearing granular flows: a comparative evaluation of assembly evolution incorporating wavelet transforms

We demonstrate the enhanced capacities of our analysis toolset for three-dimensional data. In particular, we provide supporting evidence for some of the conclusions reached in our previous studies of two-dimensional avalanching heaps. Segregation by self-diffusion is shown to take place in three-dimensional assemblies and self-diffusion velocities are shown to be of a comparable order of magnitude to those found in plane-strain situations. The effect on assembly evolution by discrete avalanching of the availability of a third dimension for translation is investigated. The discrete wavelet transform is again shown to be a useful component of the toolset in coupling process variables in the context of the discrete defining events associated with assembly evolution. In particular, we move towards the determination of time constants by correlating wavelet coefficients with a time shift.     

基于分层的改进A＊算法在路径规划中的应用

智能交通中的路径诱导系统能够极大地提高人们的出行效率与出行体验。经典A＊算法只注重搜索精度而忽略了搜索效率,在城市道路网络分层的基础上,对高层道路使用的A＊算法进行了改进,对于道路网络中的不同节点,设置估价函数具有不同的权值,同时给定权值的一个上下限阈值,以平衡算法的搜索效率与搜索精度。实验表明,得到的最短路径虽然不是常规的距离最短却是实际行驶时间最优的。