Present status of r&d for hydrogen production from water in Japan

At present, big projects for promoting the development of new energy resources are being conducted on a national scale by both the Ministry of International Trade and Industry and the Ministry of Education in Japan. This paper outlines the state of the art in hydrogen production research supported by these projects. Results of electrolysis and thermochemical methods are described and the target required to implement the hydrogen society is discussed.     

Estimation of horizontal diffuse solar radiation with measured daily data in China

Three most widely used diffuse radiation models are calibrated using the daily data between January 1 1994 and December 31 1998 from 16 stations all over China. The second-degree polynomial relationship between R_D/R_G and n/N (Iqbal model) is suitable for diffuse radiation estimation in China. The averaged correlation coefficient R² is 0.84 and the maximum value is 0.93 at the 16 stations, and the Iqbal model works better in the eastern part of China than in the west. The A.A. El-Sebaii model could not be used to estimate diffused radiation accurately in China, with an averaged R²=0.47. The Liu and Jordan model could also be used for diffuse radiation estimation in China, and the averaged value of R² and parameter X₀ is 0.81 and 0.233, respectively. There is an evident linear relationship among the parameters X₀, a and b of the Liu and Jordan model.     

十八小时生焦周期单程延迟焦化装置的运行

为了扩大生产能力,将设计能力为０．６　Ｍｔ／ａ的双炉四塔循环延迟焦化装置　改造为单程延迟焦化装置并将其中一炉两塔系统（炉３０１系统）由生焦周期为２４　ｈ改为１８　ｈ,而　炉３０２系统的生焦周期仍为２４　ｈ。该装置的运行情况和标定结果表明,炉３０２系统单程焦化的　处理能力可增加０．０８　Ｍｔ／ａ,炉３０１系统处理能力可增加０．１　Ｍｔ／ａ,焦炭塔内油气线速小于极　限值（０．１０　ｍ／ｓ）,加热炉的热负荷仍有较大余地,每天可增加效益１３．２×１０４　ＲＭＢ￥。     

对电机及拖动教学改革的探索

针对电机及拖动课程的现状提出改革现行教材,加强电磁理论及机械基础的教学,安排充裕的实验和实训,建设模型化与实用化相结合、验证实验与实际系统相结合的实验室,以利于培养学生的创新精神与提高实践能力和综合素质。     

Quality control of solar radiation data within the RMIB solar measurements network

Assessment of the solar resource is based upon measured data, where available. However, with any measurement there exist errors. Consequently, solar radiation data do not exhibit necessarily the same reliability and it often happens that users face time series of measurements containing questionable values though preliminary technical control has been done before the data release. To overcome such a situation, a major effort has been undertaken at the Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium (RMIB) to develop procedures and software for performing post-measurement quality control of solar data from the radiometric stations of our in situ solar monitoring network. Moreover, because solar energy applications usually need continuous time series of solar radiation data, additional procedures have also been established to fill missing values (data initially lacking or removed via quality checks).     

气候变化影响空调期自然通风应用潜力的研究

气候增暖不可避免地对与室外气象条件关系密切的自然通风技术具有影响。通过建立单侧通风房间模型,利用天津市市台站1960—2010年逐时气象数据,通过理论计算,从自然通风驱动力和室内热舒适2个方面研究自然通风对气候变化的适应性,以总综合压差和室内热舒适小时数2个指标分别评估了自然通风的应用潜力。总综合压差越大、室内热舒适的小时数越多,自然通风的应用潜力就越大。结果表明随着气候变暖,总综合压差及室内舒适总小时数呈下降趋势,说明天津地区自然通风的应用潜力正变得越来越小。     

提高家具生产效率的管理技术

提高效率、节约和合理利用能源、减少浪费、降低成本已成为家具行业研究的热门课题。本文就家具生产管理过程中如何利用统筹安排管理技术来提高工效、节能降耗做简要概述。     

基于人均用电量和人均用电负荷的饱和负荷预测

电力饱和负荷预测对城市、区域电网的规划与发展具有重要的作用,它可以有效的降低电网改造成本,提高电网改造的合理性、可靠性与经济性。主要采用基于人均用电量与人口预测的方法对华东某一小城市的全社会用电量的饱和规模与饱和时间进行预测。传统人均用电量法对负荷的预测主要采用预测得到的总电量除以评估得到的最大负荷利用小时数来确定负荷的大小。但是最大负荷利用小时数评估起来难度比较大,所以采用了新的基于人均用电负荷预测的方法,该方法运用logistic曲线分别预测人均用电负荷和人口的饱和值,再将两者相乘,即可得到饱和负荷规模。     

湖北电网最大负荷利用小时数探讨

与国内较为发达的江浙粤三省相比,无论是处于同一工业化发展阶段还是同一时期,湖北省年最大负荷利用小时数都较低,通过对比不同阶段湖北省与江浙粤三省的国民经济及三次产业结构,分析了湖北省最大负荷利用小时数偏低的原因及其变化趋势;通过对比主要发达国家的三次产业结构和最大负荷利用小时数,分析了最大负荷利用小时数与三次产业结构的关...     

压水堆核电站集体剂量控制策略

集体剂量是核电运行业绩重要指标之一,需要通过管理措施和技术手段促使其呈良好的下降趋势。降低集体剂量是遵循辐射防护最优化原则的重要体现。影响集体剂量的因素是全流程的,包括核电站的设计、设备制造和安装、机组调试和运行阶段的控制等;影响集体剂量的因素也是全方位的,包括辐射源项的控制情况、年度检修工作量的多少、检修工作效率的高低等。本文通过对集体剂量影响因素的梳理分析,总结出降低核电站集体剂量主要从辐射源项控制(例如通过实施一回路设备易活化材料的替代换型、水化学控制减少一回路设备腐蚀、一回路水过滤器滤芯升级提高净化效率等措施,控制辐射源项)与放射性作业人工时控制(例如通过维修大纲的优化调整,优化延长设备的检修周期;提高设备可靠性,降低故障率,以减少检修工作量;通过提升工作人员技能、通过机械化和智能化技术的应用,提高工作效率等)两个方面开展工作。同时,不论是控制辐射源项,还是控制放射性作业人工时,均需要从组织管理上足够重视和给予管理政策的支持。