Do the VOCs that evaporate from a heavily polluted river threaten the health of riparian residents?

To understand the potential threat of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to the health of residents living close to a heavily polluted river, this study investigated the species and the concentration of VOCs evaporating from a river and surveyed the health condition of the nearby residents. Air samples were taken seasonally at the upstream, midstream, and downstream water surfaces of the river, and at different locations at certain distances from the river. These samples were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively through gas chromatography and electron capture detector (GC/ECD) for chlorinated organic compounds, and through gas chromatography and flame ionization detector (GC/FID) for ordinary hydrocarbons. The health data obtained from valid health questionnaires of 908 residents were analyzed through Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software. Twenty-six species of VOCs were identified in the environment adjacent the river, many of which are carcinogenic or believed to be carcinogenic to humans. However, results of this study shows that the VOCs evaporating from the polluted river have not been definitively identified as a major factor of cancer in the residents. However, the risk of suffering from certain chronic diseases may increase in residents living less than 225 m away from the river due to the high levels of evaporated VOCs. Residents living less than 225 m away from the river and with nearby specific industries are 3.130 times more at risk of suffering from chronic diseases than those with no nearby specific industries.     

浅谈桥梁浅基础水毁原因与防治加固对策

从桥位选址、河床自然交迁、人为因素干扰等方面分析了桥梁常见水毁病害的成因,在此基础上归纳了新建桥梁的预防措施,探讨了老桥基础的防治对策,指出应坚持预防为主、综合治理的原则,加强施工管理,确保桥梁安全运行。     

600MW机组循环水泵最佳运行方式的确定方法

针对600 MW机组存在循环水流量可连续调节和不可连续调节这两种不同的循环水系统,进行了循环水系统的特性试验比较和分析,分别采用收益平衡法和收益最大法这两种计算评价方法进行了循环水系统运行方式的节能优化计算,确定出各种不同机组负荷、不同循环水进水温度条件下的循泵优化运行方式。有关计算结果可以直接用于指导运行人员进行循泵的优化调整。     

600 MW机组锅炉汽包水位保护系统存在的问题及处理

针对河北国华定洲发电有限责任公司600 MW机组锅炉汽包水位保护系统逻辑实现存在的问题,提出对该机组汽包水位保护系统逻辑设计的改进方案,改进后的系统在DCS系统中实现了汽包水位高低保护的三取二、二取一、一取一的自动切换,消除了原有保护系统存在的安全隐患,保证了机组的安全、稳定运行。     

A New Water Saving Device of Swirling Flow for Cooling Towers

This paper is concerned with water saving for water-loop cooling tower system in power plants. A newly developed water saving device of swirling flow is presented. The key point is that the new water saving device makes the steam swirl up along the device wall rather than engender laminar flow in a corrugated plate. The corrugated plate device can save approximately 10 percent of the total lost water. In contrast to the scale model of corrugated plate water saving device, experimental analyses have demonstrated that the new water saving device of swirling flow is more efficient, with a capacity of saving more than 20 percent of water.     

600MW机组锅炉灭火不停机操作优化

针对宁夏大唐国际大坝发电有限责任公司2×600 MW火电机组设备状况,总结了锅炉灭火后的操作方法,对锅炉灭火后不停机的可行性进行了讨论,并提出了优化建议。     

循环水阻垢缓蚀剂在新昌电厂的应用

针对新昌电厂循环水的低硬度、低碱度水质特点,通过大量试验,筛选复配出适合低硬度低碱度水的阻垢缓蚀复合药剂.该阻垢缓蚀复合药剂在新昌电厂1年的应用效果证明,使用缓蚀阻垢剂能够较好地控制循环水系统的腐蚀与结垢问题,通过药剂的协同增效作用,能使循环冷却水的浓缩倍数达到6左右.     

600 MW机组凝结水泵的变频改造

国电大同发电有限公司为了实现机组的节能降耗,提高企业的经济效益,对8号机组凝结水泵进行了变频改造。为此介绍热工方面改造的方案、改造后的运行情况及存在的问题。     

海滨电厂循环冷却水处理技术的研究

海滨电厂循环冷却水处理可采用电解海水制氯投加、加液氯、加二氧化氯、加工业次氯酸钠、加非氧化性杀菌剂等方法,本文通过技术、经济、社会效益等多方面分析比较,提出采用电解海水制氯投加处理技术的方案。     

鄂尔多斯盆地西南部Z区低阻油水层识别方法

随着近年来鄂尔多斯盆地西南部侏罗系油藏的规模开发,侏罗系油藏优质储量得到不断动用,而侏罗系低阻油藏成藏隐蔽,勘探开发经验少,油水层识别难度大等问题日趋突出。鄂尔多斯盆地西南部Z区延9油藏为典型的低阻油藏,分析表明,孔隙结构复杂、微孔率高、微孔隙中存在束缚水是导致油层低阻的主要原因,地层水矿化度高也降低了油层电阻率;对比分析了测井曲线形态法、砂层顶构造对比法、侵入因子与声波时差交会图版法、快速色谱录井识别等识别低阻油层方法,并提出了该区有利建产目标。