TiB2/Al颗粒增强铝基复合材料颗粒分布的计算与分析

本文概述了TiB2 /Al复合材料制备过程中的颗粒分布的计算数值分析有关影响因素及理论 ,并通过实际测量和数值计算相比较 ,得出相应的结论。从定量和定性角度利用a =da/dp(晶粒与颗粒直径之比 )来说明颗粒均匀性。另外 ,介绍和分析了计算方法和影响因素的处理。结果表明 ,计算结果和实际测量吻合较好 ,对微观分析具有指导意义。     

喷丸过程中喷嘴移速对颗粒分布的影响

目的探究喷丸过程中颗粒在靶材上的分布特性及喷嘴移动速度带来的影响。方法利用FLUENT对定点喷丸过程进行CFD仿真,获得定点喷打时颗粒在靶材上的位置,然后再使用MATLAB对定点喷打的颗粒结果进行叠加处理,以此模拟连续喷丸过程。首先进行平面喷打模拟,分析喷嘴速度对颗粒分布的影响。通过添加颗粒查询方法可对旋转喷丸过程进行模拟,以方型柱体为例进行转动喷打,并优化转动速度。结果喷嘴匀速平移时,在喷嘴路径方向上的颗粒分布密度恒定,该密度值与移动速度呈反比;变速平移时,在喷嘴路径方向上的颗粒分布密度与喷嘴扫掠截面和喷嘴移动速度相关,且喷嘴扫掠截面越小,颗粒分布密度与运动速度越接近反比,并利用数学模型验证了方法的可靠性;旋转喷打时,针对方型柱体靶材,匀速转动喷打的颗粒分布密度呈起伏变化,通过优化转动速度得到大幅改善,可节约24.2%的喷丸时间与颗粒使用量。结论采用FLUENT与MATLAB结合的方式,可对连续喷丸过程中靶材上的颗粒分布进行合理描述。匀速平移喷打时,颗粒分布密度与移速呈反比;变速平移喷打时,颗粒分布密度与移速呈负相关,靠近反比关系;变速转动喷打时,合理的变速转动喷打较匀速转动喷打拥有更好的颗粒分布均匀度,可大幅缩减颗粒使用量,并提高喷丸效率与喷丸质量。     

板坯结晶器铜板锥度的研究

以实测结晶器铜板温度计算的热流量作边界条件,采用有限元方法,建立结晶器内凝固传热方程,对凝固传热方程进行了离散化,利用ANSYS商业软件进行求解,得到凝固坯壳的应力、应变情况,探讨影响结晶器锥度的因素。     

Influence of diurnal and seasonal temperature variations on the detection of corrosion in reinforced concrete by acoustic emission

Chloride rich reinforced concrete prisms were coupled to chloride-free prisms and exposed to diurnal and seasonal temperature cycles typical of those found in the UK. Acoustic emissions (AE) and galvanic currents were continuously monitored and correlated with ambient temperature. AE and galvanic currents were found to emulate the evolution of temperature in the diurnal cycles, although no specific relationship between AE and galvanic current could be obtained. The influence of seasonal variations in galvanic current had no obvious influence on AE Energy per second over the range of corrosion rates studied. The findings suggest that AE is more sensitive to short term (diurnal) changes in corrosion rates than the longer (seasonal) effects. It was hypothesised that this is due to transitory changes in the internal microclimate of the concrete.     

导流槽阴极导杆安装方式对阴极表面电流分布的影响

将某厂现有的160kA Hall—Heroult铝电解槽改造成导流槽后，在阴极上表面和阳极底面呈斜坡状的条件下，计算了采用不同阴极导杆安装方式时阴极的电位和电流分布，即通过建立导流槽内部从阳极到阴极的一个半切片电热场模型，用有限元法分别对水平和平行于阴极斜坡两种不同导流槽阴极导杆的安装方式下阴极电位和表面电流密度分布进行了计算。结果表明，不同的阴极导杆安装方法对导流槽阴极的总电位降大小没有明显影响，但是水平阴极导杆安装更有利于阴极表面电流密度的均匀分布。     

炭素黄料对电解铝生产的影响及对策

从净化效果看,干法净化吸附技术是炭素焙烧烟气净化效果很好的技术,但炭素黄料对电解生产存在一定的影响,本文从分厂实际出发,探讨了炭素黄料对电解铝生产的影响及对策。     

Thermal error measurement and modelling in machine tools.: Part I. Influence of varying operating conditions

Thermal error in machine tools has been observed to be closely linked to the temperature of critical elements of the machine. It was found, in the experiments conducted herein, that there was a significant increase in the axis positioning error on account of an increase in the temperature of the machine elements due to continuous operation. However, it was also observed that the specific operating parameters of the test cycles carried out also significantly affected the positioning error. Different sets of operating parameters generated significantly different error values even though the temperature of the machine elements generated by those operating conditions was similar. As such, this observation forms a very important consideration in the development of a generic thermal error compensation system. It appears to indicate that such a system needs to be capable of evaluating the compensation depending upon the temperature values of the machine elements as well as account for the effect that different operating parameters induce upon the positioning error under the same thermal condition of the machine. This paper attempts to analyse the thermal behaviour of a three-axis vertical machining centre under the influence of various operating parameters and, through the experimental results obtained, point out and explain the effect of these parameters on the axis positioning error. This behaviour forms the basis of an improved modelling methodology that is presented separately in Part II of this paper.     

高强度低合金结构钢焊缝与母材的强度匹配研究

焊缝金属与母材的强度匹配系数是焊接接头力学性能非均匀参数之一，匹配方式不仅取决于焊缝金属和母材的名义强度，还取决于它们的分布形式和特征参数。试验和统计计算结果表明，12Ni3CrMoV钢和10Ni5CrMoV钢母材和焊缝金属的抗拉强度都服从正态分布。12Ni3CrMoV钢和其焊缝金属的强度匹配属于低强匹配，其低强、等强和超强匹配的概率分别为59.33%,37.03%和3.64%,低强匹配特征明显。10Ni5CrMoV钢和其焊缝金属的强度匹配属于等强匹配，其低强、等强和超强匹配概率分别为47%,48%和5%，其等强匹配分布比较明显。对应的两种钢的焊接接头，其超强匹配概率分别为3.64%和5%，在结构、焊接材料、工艺设计中值得注意。由于强度匹配系数的随机性，如何确定强度匹配系数，在什么范围内分别属于超强、等强、低强匹配，特别是等强匹配的界定方式应有别于低强和超强匹配，都是有特研究的问题。     

Prediction of powder particle behavior during high-velocity oxyfuel spraying

A mathematical model is developed to predict particle velocity and temperature during high-velocity oxyfuel (HVOF) spraying. This model accounts for internal heat conduction in powder particles; particle heating, fusion, cooling, and solidification; the influence of particle morphology on thermal behavior; and the composite structure of the particles. Analytical results are obtained that describe particle velocity and temperature variations. The dependence of fluid velocity on particle density and volume fraction is shown. The results agree with empirically established HVOF spraying practice. Physical Metal-lurgy—Materials Science     

XK717数控铣床主轴系统的热特性分析

建立了主轴系统与普通水箱之间的冷却模型，并结合有限元方法，对XK717数控铣床主轴系统进行了热特性分析，得出了水箱设计参数和冷却泵的流量对铣床主轴系统热特性的影响规律，从而为数控铣床主轴冷却系统的设计提供了理论依据，具有一定的指导意义。