露天矿现状地形图的制作及其应用

本文以德兴铜矿为例，介绍了露天矿地形图的重要作用及制作的全过程，并指出了传统人工方式在制作及生产管理应用方面的弊端，提出了利用计算机制作地形图的技术方法，并嵕咛宀龈眉际醴椒ㄔ诘滦送罄纯笊芾碇械氖导适褂们榭觥     

广州城市基础地形图图式修订研究

主要阐述参照国家大比例尺城市基础地形图图式（GB/T20257.1-2007）,结合广州市信息化测绘的需求,对广州市规划局1996年制定的《广州市1∶500 1∶1000 1∶2000地形图图式》进行修订的背景、原则、技术路线及实施流程作了介绍。     

CIVCO地形校正模型的改进及其应用

在地形复杂的山区,地形效应造成了地物的光谱特征扭曲,严重地影响了地物的识别与分类。地形校正不仅能提高遥感识别与分类的精度,还是各种定量化遥感应用的前提。CIVCO模型是一种基于统计的经验地形校正模型,原模型中阴坡和阳坡需要手工选取,且校正效果随坡度而异。通过利用太阳方位角和坡向简化了阴坡和阳坡的选取,并按照坡度分级,分别求出校正系数。在模型改进的基础上,选择黑河上游祁连山区的TM影像和相应的DEM数据进行试验,结果表明,与C模型及原模型相比,改进的模型取得了更好的校正效果。     

Impacts of topographic factors on regional snow cover characteristics

At a local scale, snow cover is influenced by terrain properties, and it affects water availability across some arid and semiarid regions. This study aimed to quantify the spatial heterogeneity of snow cover due to topographic effects based on moderate-resolution image spectroradiometer (MODIS) daily snow cover products, processed with spatial and backward temporal filters. A snow-dominant region in the middle section of the northern Tianshan Mountains in China was selected, and the snow cover ratio (SCR) and the number of snow cover days (SCD) were investigated. The results suggest that MODIS images are biased toward underestimation of the snow cover in the study region, and the error is primarily manifested within the elevation band of 1 500–2 500 m. The snow cover is mainly affected by elevation, and snow mostly accumulates above 3 800 m. In addition, the differences in SCR and SCD between the south- and north-facing slopes are more significant than those between the east- and west-facing slopes. Notably, the north-facing slopes have the maximum values of SCR and SCD, whereas the south-facing slopes have the minimum values of SCR and SCD. Furthermore, the impact of slope gradients on snow cover varies across seasons. Snow cover on a sloped surface decreases with the slope gradient during winter, while it tends to increase with the slope gradient during the other seasons. Overall, this study presents a useful perspective on the variance in regional snow cover and provides guidance for the water resources management of snow meltwater with different terrain features.     

快鸟卫星影像在平潭1:1万地形图快速更新中的应用

本文根据利用高分辨率快鸟卫星影像对平潭岛1∶10000符号化图进行快速更新的生产情况,主要研究利用高分辨率快鸟卫星影像,更新中小比例尺符号化图的方法、技术和生产工艺流程。     

拓扑独立分量分析在方言特征提取中的应用研究

将基于Mel频率域能量(简称Mel能量)的拓扑独立分量分析算法(ME—TICA)用于方言特征提取。拓扑独立分量分析(11CA)算法能够实现同组信号之间存在高阶相关性时的盲分离,ME—TICA算法在保留这种性能的基础上,引入Mel能量相关的概念来体现人类听觉特征,实现了从无标注的方言语句集中提取包含基音频率和调长两种指标的方言声调特征。文中设计了完整的特征提取过程。英语和汉语两种方言特征提取和识别的仿真实验验证了ME—TICA算法所提取的方言特征具有精度高和鲁棒性强的优势。     

村庄规划编制地形图测绘技术与管理方法的实施验证

结合福建省村庄规划编制1:1000比例尺地形图的施测,介绍测绘技术和管理方法,及其在柘荣县、蕉城区、龙海市等8个县(市、区)内500个村庄E级GPS控制网建立和地形图测绘中的实施验证情况,总结生产技术和管理经验,具有一定的实用价值。     

Mapping multi-class cancers and clinical outcomes prediction for multiple classifications of microarray gene expression data

DNA microarray analysis of gene expression is useful for discriminating between the various subtypes of cancer, which is necessary for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of patients. Particularly, assigning biological samples into subclasses or obtaining detailed phenotypes is an important practical application for microarray gene expression profiles. In the present study, a hierarchical framework of a nonlinear mapping classification was developed for elucidating data and classifying multiclass cancers based on microarray data sets. This classification maps the gene expression profiles of multi-class cancers to the visualized latent space and predicts the clinical output through high-dimensional computational biology. The proposed method was used to interpret and analyze four leukemia subtypes from microarray data. The results demonstrate that, using a high-dimensional nonlinear mapping to extract biological insights from microarray data, the proposed method can identify leukemia subtypes on the basis of molecular-level monitoring and improve the interpretability of leukemia clinical outputs. Furthermore, this nonlinear mapping of cancer subtypes is used to establish a relationship between expression-based subclasses of leukemia tumors and leukemia patient treatment outcomes. The proposed method may be used to guide efficient and effective approaches for the treatment of leukemia subclasses.     

Te Kopia geothermal system (New Zealand) — the relationship between its structure and extent

The Te Kopia geothermal system is one of several high-temperature systems in the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ) of New Zealand. It is located along the Paeroa Fault Zone, a major active fault system trending NE in the central TVZ. Three independent studies, i.e. resistivity survey, magnetic interpretation, and detailed topographic analysis of faults and fractures, indicate the existence of another fault system, trending NW, that also significantly influences the Te Kopia geothermal system. Results from these studies also show that, at Te Kopia, a resistivity low and hydrothermally demagnetised rocks (both are indicators of a geothermal reservoir in volcanic rocks) clearly coincide with a zone of high fault and fracture density. Hence, the Te Kopia field is a good example of the significant influence that geological structures (major fault systems) have on the extent of a geothermal reservoir, by creating zones of fractured rocks that provide permeable paths for thermal fluids.     

A simultaneous inversion for deformation rates and topographic errors of DInSAR data utilizing linear least square inversion technique

We demonstrate here a computer code for calculation of time series and also mean and linear deformation rates from a set of coregistered unwrapped differential interferograms using a linear least-squares inversion technique based on the small baseline subset (SBAS) algorithm. The computer code is written in C and uses a singular value decomposition (SVD) routine from the LAPACK library and the fast Fourier transform for spatial filtering from the FFTW library. Various offset estimation and topographic correction algorithms are implemented, including simultaneous inversion for deformation rates and residual topographic error. This approach is particularly useful when applied to ALOS PALSAR interferograms that are coherent even at large perpendicular baselines and acquired with orbital parameters correlated with the time of acquisition. This methodology is applied to produce time series of ground deformation at Tauhara and Wairakei geothermal fields (Taupo Volcanic Zone, North Island, New Zealand) from 12 ALOS PALSAR images acquired between July 2007 and December 2009. We also present here a high-resolution deformation map of the ground subsidence caused by the extraction of geothermal groundwater for power generation, with maximum rates of subsidence of about 7 cm/y.