世界杯小组赛出线预测程序

每届足球世界杯都会受到无数人的关注,媒体和个人都很热衷比赛结果的预测。该程序根据世界杯比赛胜负出线规则对比赛结果进行预测。     

The Best Web Sites in Psychology and Sociology

Abstract

The World Wide Web offers a large and ever-expanding number of resources in the fields of psychology and sociology. Growth of the Web has been so fast that it has been difficult to keep track of all the new resources that are rapidly becoming available. With so many new Web sites cropping up, there is a growing need to sort through these resources and determine which sites are the most valuable for research in these subject areas. This study first discusses some criteria for assessing the quality of Web sites, and then applies these criteria to the Web sites currently available in an effort to determine which sites are the best for these two fields.     

Information gathering and searching approaches on the Web

The information accessible through the Internet is increasing explosively as the Web is getting more and more widespread. In this situation, the Web is indispensable information resource for both of information gathering and information searching. Though traditional information retrieval techniques have been applied to information gathering and searching in the Web, they are insufficient for this new form of information source. Fortunately some Al techniques can be straightforwardly applicable to such tasks in the Web, and many researchers are trying this approach. In this paper, we attempt to describe the current state of information gathering and searching technologies in the Web, and the application of AI techniques in the fields. Then we point out limitations of these traditional and AI approaches and introduce two aapproaches: navigation planning and a Mondou search engine for overcoming them. The navigation planning system tries to collect systematic knowledge, rather than Web pages, which are only pieces of knowledge. The Mondou search engine copes with the problems of the query expansion/modification based on the techniques of text/web mining and information visualization. Seiji Yamada, Dr. Eng.: He received the B.S., M.S. and Ph.S. degrees in control engineering and artificial intelligence from Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, in 1984, 1986 and 1989, respectively. From 1989 to 1991, he served as a Research Associate in the Department of Control Engineering at Osaka University. From 1991 to 1996, he served as a Lecturer in the Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research at Osaka University. In 1996, he joined the Department of Computational Intelligence and Systems Science at Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan, as an Associate Professor. His research interests include artificial intelligence, planning, machine learning for a robotics, intelligent information retrieval in the WWW, human computer interaction, He is a member of AAAI, IEEE, JSAI, RSJ and IEICE. Hiroyuki Kawano, Dr.Eng.: He is an Associate Professor at the Department of Systems Science, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Japan. He obtained his B.Eng. and M.Eng. degrees in Applied Mathematics and Physics, and his Dr.Eng. degree in Applied Systems Science from Kyoto University. His research interests are in advanced database technologies, such as data mining, data warehousing, knowledge discovery and web search engine (Mondou). He has served on the program committees of several conferences in the areas of Data Base Systems, and technical committes of advanced information systems.     

WWW上路径模式发掘的研究

本文从互连网发展的趋势入手,对路径模式发掘进行了研究。先简要介绍数据库发掘的概况及网上数据发掘的特点,后结合关联法和组合概率法,并以算法和实例详细对之进行分析。     

Organized knowledge sharing with book-centered Web sites: An architecture, implementation and analysis

For educators, the World Wide Web offers a valuable technology for knowledge sharing. It can complement more traditional approaches to knowledge sharing such as books and lectures. Here, we identify and differentiate three major approaches for Web-based knowledge sharing: course-centered sites, subject-centered sites, and book-centered sites. A rationale for book-centered sites, those developed to facilitate students’ and instructors’ efforts in courses that use the book, is advanced. We introduce an architecture of features that can guide developers of such sites. This is illustrated by a book-centered site implemented according to the architecture. Several sites for introductory business computing books are compared and contrasted in terms of the architecture, suggesting ways in which each can be extended. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Culture,politics and ergonomics

The beginning of a new century is an appropriate moment to consider the role of ergonomics in relation to the problems facing society. To help solve these serious global problems, ergonomics needs to be open to new disciplines, particularly those in the social sciences. Also, it may be difficult to generalize research on human-centred sociotechnical design without taking into account national characteristics, economics and political constraints. Currently there is more interest than ever in what ergonomics has to offer, but to deliver its promise requires a much broader approach than is usual. By adopting such new approaches one may help solve both the problems of the overdeveloped post-industrial societies and those of the societies of the Third World, where a new approach to work and economics may provide an improved chance for development given the recent changes in global economic policy.     

Measuring task-specific perceptions of the world wide web

This paper describes the development of multi-item scales for measuring user perceptions of the ease-of-use and usefulness of the Web (hereafter web), incorporating a system task focus into the scales dimensional structure (e.g. how easy or useful the web is for information search, communication and or purchasing). The items are tested on 2077 web users recruited using a web survey, revealing four factors for each scale. Perceived ease-of-web use consists of learning, search and find, transaction and communication ease, and perceived web usefulness consists of communication, purchase, information search and acquisition, and access to quality products and information. A regression analysis on web usage frequency shows how easy users find it to learn how to use the web and how useful the web is for purchasing are the best predictors of how frequently they will use the web. These results highlight the importance of training users how to effectively use hypermedia-based systems like the web, and the design of systems that are easy to navigate and that provide advanced functionality for transactional activity.     

基于Web的谈判支持系统的研究与开发

论述了谈判支持系统的有关理论、应用现状以及存在问题，并通过对一个基于Web的谈判支持系统的分析提出了一种解决问题的新思路。     

THE CONTROL OF PUBLIC CRYPTOGRAPHY AND FREEDOM OF SPEECH - A REVIEW

Abstract

This article presents the original draft of the Zimmermann telegram from 1917 in facsimile. Its various annotations provide interesting insights, such as the idea to promise California to Japan and instructions concerning transmission and encryption. Further documents clarify how the telegram was sent and put various alternatives suggested in the literature to rest. The political background and fallout in Germany are discussed, as well.     

Global Intermedia Agenda Setting: A Big Data Analysis of International News Flow

This study contributes to international news flow literature methodologically, by significantly expanding its scope, and theoretically, by incorporating intermedia agenda-setting theory, through which we reveal how news media in different countries influence each other in covering international news. With a big data analysis of 4,708 online news sources from 67 countries in 2015, the study shows that wealthier countries not only continue to attract most of the world news attention, they are also more likely to decide how other countries perceive the world. However, international news flow is not as hierarchical and U.S.-centric as found earlier. Online-only, emerging media in core countries are not necessarily more impactful in setting the world news agenda than those in (semi)peripheral countries.