Design for the Future: Educational Institutions in the Gulf

Despite a distinguished heritage of learning in the Middle East, the expansion of provision for higher education is currently at an unprecedented scale. The Gulf States, in particular, are seeking to keep up with accelerated population growth and a demographic ‘youth bulge’. Guest-Editor Kevin Mitchell describes the architectural approaches employed in the design of institutions in the region from the first universities in Saudi Arabia to Foster + Partners's ground-breaking sustainable design for the Masdar Institute in Abu Dhabi and future projects.     

Castles and Pavilions: Creating New Hybrid Places of Exchange

Tom Holbrook , Director at architecture and urban design practice 5th Studio, describes two projects in the south of England that respond spatially to the needs of ‘the knowledge economy’. The first is the River Lea Park, to the east of London, which promotes open connectivity between people in a post- industrial landscape; and the second is the Creative Exchange in St Neots, Cambridgeshire, a building designed to accommodate local enterprise. Both are designed to redirect social and economic activities, supporting creative swarming, and establishing what Stafford Beer has coined as ‘platforms for change’.     

Renzo Piano: Poet of Technology

The architecture of the Renzo Piano Building Workshop (RPBW) is renowned internationally for the formal refinement of its components and detailing as well as for its sensitive responses to context, both in terms of its physical surroundings and local construction traditions. But, as architectural author and Piano specialist Peter Buchanan reminds us, the central concern of the practice remains focused on the original core impetus of expandingthe bounds of what technology and materials can achieve.     

世界遗产武当山的文化景观价值

武当山是中国重要的道教圣地,园林营建活动历史悠久、空间广袤、建造技术精湛,达到了皇家所要求的宏伟、威严和道教所追求的玄妙、超然,是人文美与自然美的高度统一。本文通过对世界遗产武当山文化景观的概述,认为武当山是人类文化的见证和古代科学技术的典范,也是我们建设山地人居环境的生动教材。     

Restoring the ruins: the social context of reconstruction in the countrysides of Northern France in the aftermath of the great war

The reconstruction of devastated farms, villages and market towns in northern France was not masterminded by the state or carried out by its emergency agencies, which were concerned with filling trenches, removing shells, restoring farmland and patching up ruins. Segments of French society needed to mobilize themselves to declare their losses and claim compensation from the state. Proposals by French trades unionists to bring in German building workers to reconstruct rural settlements were rejected. Instead, general purpose reconstruction co‐operatives were established, first in Lorraine and then throughout the régions dévastées. It is argued that the differing attitudes to religion and trades unionism in the countryside of northern France were reflected in the varying efforts made to effect rural reconstruction during the 1920s. The dream of international labour solidarity through reconstruction was not realized. Rather, restoration of northern France was undertaken by private construction companies, often contracted to general‐purpose co‐operatives.     

申遗背景下的中国自然遗产潜力评估

参照世界自然遗产地学、美学、生物生态过程和濒危物种栖息地4项申遗评选标准,依据地貌景观、生物景观等价值构成,建立美学价值评估方法;依据世界遗产13类地学主题评价框架、地质演化过程、典型类型地貌等价值构成,建立地学价值评估方法;依据生态系统过程、物种多样性、栖息地等价值构成,建立生物生态学价值评估方法。利用全球对比的方法提取和评估突出普遍价值,将中国自然遗产潜力区分为青藏高原区、西北干旱区、东部季风区等生态环境基本单元,筛选我国世界自然遗产潜力区。重点提出海洋类世界自然遗产和西部北部地区申遗的可能性,提出中国申报世界自然遗产突出普遍价值的评估策略与优先原则。     

2010年上海世博会场内人流模拟分析

以网上世博会参观调查的数据为基础,建立参观者参现行为的离散选择行为模型,对参现者的行为特征进行定量分析和归纳,并运用模型进行模拟,揭示了参观行为的规律,规划方案可能产生的参观人次、人流在空间上的不均衡,进而提出改进的建议。     

小说艺术的自由王国评《天伦之爱》的叙事策略

《天伦之爱》显示了作家鲁迪.威伯在运用叙事策略方面的卓越才能。作品通过自由式的多角度叙事,多种文体融合杂糅,叙事者的自我表现代替了有限视角的印象记录,叙事者的风格化介入代替了叙事者的隐蔽,多层次地展示出人物性格,增强了故事的真实感,也突出了主题,增强了艺术感染力。     

新、旧世界国家葡萄酒氧稳定同位素时空分布特征研究进展

氧稳定同位素是葡萄酒真实性检测的重要指标之一,其比值在自然因素(葡萄品种、地理环境、气候条件)和人为因素(栽培管理、酿酒工艺)影响下,在不同产地显示出不同时空分布特征。欧盟等旧世界国家已率先建立葡萄酒水中氧稳定同位素的测定方法及数据库,并将其应用于葡萄酒真实性检测中。然而,国内外在葡萄酒氧稳定同位素时空分布特征方面的研究较少,尚未形成统一数据平台,难以实现数据共享。本文总结了新世界(中国、美国、澳大利亚、智利等)和旧世界(西班牙、法国、意大利、奥地利等)国家葡萄酒中水的氧稳定同位素数据分布及鉴别应用,概述了影响该比值的因素,并阐述了目前存在问题和今后发展方向,目的在于明确氧稳定同位素比值在世界主要酿酒国家的分布特征,为我国建立葡萄酒氧同位素数据库及真伪鉴别提供数据支持。