我国商业银行如何应对外资银行的挑战

通过对中外商业银行竞争优势的对比分析 ,提出我国商业银行入世对外资银行的涌入应采取的对策。     

上海世博会信息安全保障

简要介绍了上海世博会信息安全保障工作,针对上海世博会面临的信息安全威胁,分析了信息安全保障的需求,明确了信息安全保障的目标。依据信息系统安全等级保护相关标准和要求,从管理和技术两个方面加强信息安全建设,建成了完备的信息安全管理责任体系和完善的信息安全技术防护体系,成功保障了上海世博会的安全有序运行。信息安全保障工作成功经受了上海世博会184天的运行考验,实践证明是非常有效的可靠的。     

世界杯会徽设计风格演变与整合传播创新

目的 分析历届国际足联世界杯会徽设计风格演进,以丰富世界杯会徽设计的专题研究,也为相关体育会徽设计提供一些借鉴。方法 梳理国际足联世界杯会徽各个阶段的设计风格及其特点,探究国际足联世界杯会徽设计风格演进。结果 国际足联世界杯会徽设计经历了从写实、图腾风格,到简约、人文风格为主的四个阶段,并在不同历史背景中逐渐具备艺术价值、文化价值和商业价值。结论 体育会徽设计在定位、设计、应用及传播进程中,既要突破传统的平面设计语言,又要把握语言钉和视觉锤的匹配,在多维感知整合、新媒体下动态呈现,还要展示共创体验等,全方位传递赛事价值。     

《WTO政府采购协议》对政府工程招标采购的影响

随着我国加入世贸组织,全球经济一体化的要求使WTO政府采购协议必然会对我国政府工程采购产生深远的影响。在介绍政府采购协议基本原则、适用范围和采购方式的基础上分析了加入政府采购协议对我国政府工程招标采购的影响,并提出了促进我国政府工程招标采购发展的几点建议。     

五台山文化景观遗产突出普遍价值及其保护探讨

世界文化景观遗产的申报,是近年来国内越来越关注的话题,作为中国第一个成功以文化景观列入世界遗产名录的案例,五台山的申报过程为中国的文化景观遗产申报与研究提供了很多线索,尤其在突出普遍价值的认识及其保护管理方面,更是积累了一定的经验,同时也引发了新的思考。经过申报前后对遗产价值标准的对比研究及对保护管理的重新思考,认识到文化景观必须将自然、文化作为一个整体加以认知和保护,尤其要研究人与自然之间的作用机制,重视其中活态遗产的保护和展示。     

世界中央空调设备的现状和发展(一)

本文综述了近期全世界中央空调冷水机组与空气末端设备的生产现状和发展趋势,主要的资料来自中国制冷空调工业协会(CRAA)和日本空调、供热和制冷新闻(JARN).     

THESUS: Organizing Web document collections based on link semantics

The requirements for effective search and management of the WWW are stronger than ever. Currently Web documents are classified based on their content not taking into account the fact that these documents are connected to each other by links. We claim that a pages classification is enriched by the detection of its incoming links semantics. This would enable effective browsing and enhance the validity of search results in the WWW context. Another aspect that is underaddressed and strictly related to the tasks of browsing and searching is the similarity of documents at the semantic level. The above observations lead us to the adoption of a hierarchy of concepts (ontology) and a thesaurus to exploit links and provide a better characterization of Web documents. The enhancement of document characterization makes operations such as clustering and labeling very interesting. To this end, we devised a system called THESUS. The system deals with an initial sets of Web documents, extracts keywords from all pages incoming links, and converts them to semantics by mapping them to a domains ontology. Then a clustering algorithm is applied to discover groups of Web documents. The effectiveness of the clustering process is based on the use of a novel similarity measure between documents characterized by sets of terms. Web documents are organized into thematic subsets based on their semantics. The subsets are then labeled, thereby enabling easier management (browsing, searching, querying) of the Web. In this article, we detail the process of this system and give an experimental analysis of its results.Received: 16 December 2002, Accepted: 16 April 2003, Published online: 17 September 2003     

Third World energy policies The urban-rural divide

This article investigates the differences in energy consumption generally found in the urban and rural sectors of Third World nations. Energy policies in these nations are generally found to reflect the dualism of developing economies with a widespread neglect of rural energy problems. A quantitative model is developed using simple functions to represent a household's allocation of time, explicitly including market as well as non-market activities and commercial and non-commercial energy. On this basis, it is inferred that situations of extreme fuel scarcity in rural areas can best be managed by governments organizing emergency supplies of fuel in compensation for productive work. Specific reference is made to the food and fuel problems of Sahelian Africa in this context. Directions for further empirical research using the model developed are suggested, with the example of work already done in India.     

Progressive mobilization of oil resources a factor in ensuring moderate price rises part 1

The first part of this paper aims to establish the regional distribution of ultimate resources of conventional oil and to assess the size of future discoveries and their share in the renewal of world oil resources. The authors use a synthesis of seven recent studies as their starting point. This analysis suggests that in the long run it will be difficult to bring about a significant and durable reduction in the importance of the Arabo-Persian Gulf on the international petroleum scene. The study also presents a tentative breakdown of ultimate oil resources in terms of production costs, proven reserves, future discoveries and additional quantities, directly arising from technical and cost progress in enhanced oil recovery methods. The authors conclude that the Middle East and planned economy countries account for nearly 60% of ultimate oil resources exploitable at a cost of less than $20/bbl and that more than half of the resources available in the rest of the world are exploitable at more than $12/bbl.