针对通过噪声的空滤器声学特性研究与改进

通过实验方法分析研究了一种中型乘用车通过噪声的特性,比较该车进、排气两侧通过噪声的声级和频谱特性,确定了进气噪声对车辆进气侧通过噪声的重要影响.为了解决该车进气噪声的问题从而达到整车降噪的目的,应用实验与边界元法计算两种手段,对该车空滤器的频率响应特性进行了研究.研究发现空滤器声系统的第一阶声固有频率与进气噪声基频相耦合是造成该车辆进气侧通过噪声高于排气侧的重要原因.基于这一研究结果,在计算和实验的基础上利用Helmholtz共振腔对空滤器的声学特性进行了改进,改进后的空滤器对降低车辆进气侧通过噪声有很好的作用.     

基于改进LMD和能量相对熵的主动配电网故障定位方法

针对配电网发生单相接地故障且分布式电源（distributed generations, DGs）大量接入后,配电网结构和运行方式复杂多变、故障后电气量不明显、故障特征弱等特点,提出一种基于改进局部均值分解（improved local mean decomposition, ILMD）和能量相对熵的主动配电网故障定位方法。首先,利用镜像延拓将信号在两端延拓,消除LMD存在的端点效应,同时,在信号中加入自适应噪声,克服LMD存在的模态混叠问题,对各区段暂态零序电流进行ILMD分解;然后对分解后所有乘积函数（product function, PF）的能量相对熵进行计算,所有PF分量的相对能量熵之和即为区段间的相对能量熵,通过所设置的定位判据,对故障区段进行判断。仿真结果表明,所提算法在10 kV小电流接地系统和改进的IEEE33节点系统中,在不同的仿真条件下故障定位结果准确率高,验证了所提方法的准确性。     

Studying the formation process of chromate conversion coatings on aluminium using continuous electrochemical noise resistance measurements

A unique electrochemical technique, namely continuous noise resistance calculation (CNRC), was used to obtain electrochemical kinetic information from the formation process of chromate conversion coatings (CCC) on aluminium electrodes. It was found that the noise resistance (R_n) of aluminium electrodes remained almost unchanged during electrodes' immersion in a chromate containing acidic solution where the CCC films were supposed to form rapidly. This result indicates that the formation of CCC was associated with continuous corrosion of the aluminium electrodes and that the CCC films formed on aluminium surface were not intact barrier films, but most likely porous layers. The CCCs became protective only after they were aged in the environment. Based on these findings, the formation and inhibition mechanisms of CCC have been discussed.     

基于群延时信息的超声信号处理方法

充分利用超声信号的群延时信息，结合短时傅里叶变换，给出了群延时对频率导数在时一频域中的分布，以此来反映时一频域中局部信噪比的强弱。在此基础上，进一步利用超声信号的群延时信息，极大地增强了缺陷信号。     

Characterization of angular dependence of macroscopic magnetic properties in ASTM 36 steel using magnetic Barkhausen noise

Angular-dependent magnetic Barkhausen noise measurements were performed on ASTM 36 steel samples for various values of applied uniaxial stress. The maximum differential permeability and the coercive field are obtained from this Barkhausen signals. The angular dependence of these macroscopic magnetic properties is studied. The tension for which the magneto-elastic energy balances the anisotropic energy is estimated. The results are discussed based on the domain wall theory.     

Evaluation of tempering induced changes in the hardness profile of case-carburised EN36 steel using magnetic Barkhausen noise analysis

The effect of tempering on the magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) signal profile was studied in case-carburised EN36 steel using a range of magnetic excitation frequencies and a number of frequency ranges for analysis of the MBN signal. The MBN level generally increases with tempering due to coarsening of the microstructure. With higher values of excitation frequency, f_EX, the MBN profile exhibits a single peak, but with low values of f_EX, double peaks are observed. The MBN peak obtained with higher f_EX was found to correlate well with hardness changes in a region, down to 100 μm below the surface. The analysis of the MBN signal produced with low f_EX, in narrow frequency ranges selected by software frequency filtering, showed variations in the extent of changes in the relative height of the two MBN peaks in the profile. After taking into account the skin depth-frequency relation for the MBN signal, variations in the values of the two MBN peaks in different analysing frequency ranges were found to correlate well with hardness variations at different depths down to 425 μm below the surface. An empirical relationship has been established between the hardness-depth profile and the MBN measurements.     

A continuous-time framework for least squares parameter estimation

This paper proposes a continuous-time framework for the least-squares parameter estimation method through evolution equations. Nonlinear systems in the standard state space representation that are linear in the unknown, constant parameters are investigated. Two estimators are studied. The first one consists of a linear evolution equation while the second one consists of an impulsive linear evolution equation. The paper discusses some theoretical aspects related to the proposed estimators: uniqueness of a solution and an attractive equilibrium point which solves for the unknown parameters. A deterministic framework for the estimation under noisy measurements is proposed using a Sobolev space with negative index to model the noise. The noise can be of large magnitude. Concrete signals issued from an electronic device are used to discuss numerical aspects.     

炭素厂的消烟除尘和噪声控制

针对炭素制品生产过程产生的粉尘、沥青烟气、噪声等主要涉及工业卫生及环境保护等方面的问题进行剖析，并对治理方法做了简要的介绍。     

Experimental design in soap manufacturing for optimization of fuzzified process capability index

In manufacturing industries, the quality of a product depends on the combined effect of multiple input variables working singly or together and therefore attention has been given on process capability indices to shift from single to multivariate domain. In case of multivariable domain the capability to incorporate uncertainties at the time of decision making becomes necessary. Fuzzy system is introduced to take care of this requirement. In this article the process parameters of soap manufacturing industries have been analyzed. The process capability is determined using Fuzzy Inference System rule editor based on a set of justified if then statements as applicable for the process. The data has been collected in linguistic form to derive its process capability, using a set of justified rules and the effect of each factor has been determined using Design of Experiments (DoE) and analysis of variance technique (ANOVA) for improving the soap quality from perspective of its softness. This article ventures to propose a new methodology by integrating Fuzzy with DoE providing better result followed by DoE and Fuzzy Inference system in isolation.     

一次风机节能改造

为解决一次风机出口风压低、火焰无力度、系统功耗高等问题,采用空气悬浮风机对其进行节能改造。拆除原有的一次风机备用风机,在原有底座上安装空气悬浮风机,整体设计安装悬浮风机出口管道。改造后,一次风机出口风压明显增大,煤粉燃烧充分,火焰调整灵活,每小时可节电30kWh,两处对空排放管道加装消声器,降噪效果显著。