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11.
Using the SiO2 and Al2O3 components of the amorphous phase in coal fly ash (Fa), Fa was converted to Na-X zeolites in NaOH-NaAlO2 solutions by stirring at 35°C for 72 hr and then aging at 85°C for a given period. The molar ratio SiO2/Al2O3 of the starting materials was controlled from 2.0 to 13.2. The resulting materials were characterized by various means. Increasing the SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of the starting material increased the degree of crystallinity of faujasite, exhibiting a maximum at SiO2/Al2O3 = 8.0. The faujasite formed was identified as Na-X zeolite with Si/Al = 1.20. The amorphous phase in Fa was dissolved during the stirring to form a precursor of zeolite, such as amorphous aluminosilicate. The Na-X zeolite was formed by aging for 24 hr, and the degree of crystallinity of this material was increased with the increasing aging period. The cation exchange capacity and specific surface area were increased with the increasing degree of crystallinity of the Na-X zeolites. 相似文献
12.
This is the first time an extensive investigation has been carried out regarding the effects of riser exit geometry on pressure drop and solid behaviour inside the Internal Circulating Fluidized Bed (ICFB) riser, using different riser exit geometries at several operating conditions.The Radioactive Particle-Tracking (RPT) technique was used for solid concentration measurements and solid residence time distribution at the exit zone. Experiments were conducted using Geldart B particles, in the gas superficial velocity range of 4 to 10 m/s. Axial solid hold-up, solid residence time distribution in the exit zone, and the reflux ratio factor km, (defined earlier by [E.H. Van der Meer, R.B. Thorpe, J.F. Davidson, Flow patterns in the square cross-section riser of a circulating fluidized bed and the effect of riser exit design, Chem. Eng. Sc. 55 (19) (2000) 4079-4099]), were the main criteria used to investigate the impact of gas-solid separator devices implemented at the ICFB riser exit.Solid residence time distribution results and axial solid hold-up profiles provided clear evidence that the separator device at the riser exit strongly influences the hydrodynamic structure of the ICFB riser. The V-shaped riser exit geometry was found to be the optimum of all the configurations studied. 相似文献
13.
Chun Yang Yin Sharifah Aishah Syed Abdul KadirYing Pei Lim Sharifah Nawirah Syed-AriffinZurinawati Zamzuri 《Fuel Processing Technology》2008
Ash derived from combustion of Malaysian oil palm biomass (empty fruit bunches consisting of fibers) was physically and chemically characterized in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of its specific properties in terms of toxicity, compositions and reusability. Principal analyses conducted include particle size distribution, scanning electron microscopy, elemental dispersive X-ray, elemental analysis, toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) as well as thermogravimetric, X-ray diffractometry and Fourier-transform infrared analyses. TCLP result indicated that the oil palm ash (OPA) should not be classified as toxic wastes in terms of heavy metal leachability since leachable copper, cadmium, lead and nickel concentrations were detected below the stipulated leachability limits. It was determined that the OPA contained high amount of potassium as well as presence of silica which implied its suitability to be reused as crude fertilizer or cement replacement material. 相似文献
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对直径280mm、扩大直径500mm、外循环管直径65mm、总高2900mm的外循环型鼓泡式反应器,在气体空塔线速Ug为0.04-0.55m/s时,用静压差法和脉冲示踪法测定了不同部位的气含率Eg,Epg和循环液速率u1,并获得了它们的关联式:对反应段,Eg=0.4556U^0.3198g〔Ug/(Ug+U1)〕^0.7396;对反应器扩大段,Eug=0.9389U^0.4431ug;对循环管,E 相似文献
16.
程银芳 《精细石油化工进展》2007,8(6):28-30
用壳聚糖和粉煤灰对含间甲酚的废水进行吸附处理,考察了壳聚糖的用量、振荡时间、振荡速度以及粉煤灰与壳聚糖的混合比对处理效果的影响.结果表明:在常温下,对于初始质量浓度为56 mg/L的间甲酚,当壳聚糖用量为3 g/L,以170 r/min的转速吸附振荡0.5 h,去除率可达到88%以上;在上述条件下,加入质量比4:1的粉煤灰与壳聚糖混合物5g/L时,间甲酚的去除率可达到91%. 相似文献
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18.
The removal of Cu(II) by adsorption on fly ash has been found to be concentration, pH and temperature dependent. The kinetics of adsorption indicates the process to be diffusion controlled. The Langmuir constants have been calculated at different temperatures, and the adsorption has been found to be endothermic (ΔH = 15.652 kcal mol?1). The maximum removal is observed at pH 8.0, and variation in adsorption with pH has been explained on the basis of surface ionisation and complexation. 相似文献
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20.
张印国 《石油化工腐蚀与防护》2003,20(2):14-16
空气预热器运行的好坏直接影响到加热炉的热效率 ,文章结合焦化装置加热炉空气预热器的使用、维修、改进等 ,论述了预热器存在的露点腐蚀问题。同时提出从设计、操作、设备等方面采取有效措施 ,保障预热器的长周期高效运行。 相似文献