PLC控制系统在CCPP中的应用

本文主要介绍了重钢集团股份有限公司的CCPP（燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电机组）特点和PLC控制系统在这个项目中应用。PLC控制系统完成了CCPP工程中的燃气轮机、煤压机、余热锅炉、汽轮机等主体系统的主要功能和控制逻辑,在整个项目中起到了举足轻重的作用。     

天然气离心式压缩机组特性仿真

为解决某天然气压缩站离心式压缩机组特性评估问题,分析了离心式压缩机组的热力过程,深入研究了压缩机的多变效率、喘振裕度以及燃气轮机效率的计算方法,建立了离心式压缩机组特性仿真的数学模型并编制了仿真程序.通过使用VC 语言和Fortran语言混合编程,开发了人机界面友好、操作简单的离心压缩机组特性仿真软件.通过对实际离心压缩机组特性仿真,表明仿真程序具有很高的精度,开发的仿真软件能够方便地对天然气离心压缩机组的特性进行准确合理的评估.     

跨音速轴流压气机叶片造型及数值仿真

针对跨音速轴流压气机的多圆弧叶片.提出了一种基于锥面展开面的叶片造型方法.设计了某型压气机第一级转子,通过三维粘性流计算软件NUMECA对此孤立转子进行了性能仿真,仿真结果与实验结果符合较好;分析了叶型厚度分布对转子性能的影响:采用标准厚度分布对叶片重新生成,并与多圆弧叶片进行了对比,结果表明用标准厚度生成的叶片更薄一些,性能也更佳;同时当叶型最大厚度的位置后移时,转子的稳定工作范围变宽,效率略有降低.     

Stirling-type pulse tube refrigerator (PTR) with cold compression: Cold compressor,colder expander

This research paper focuses on the performance prediction and its validation via experimental investigation of a Stirling-type pulse tube refrigerator (PTR) equipped with a cold linear compressor. When the working gas is compressed at cryogenic temperature, the acoustic power (PV power) can be directly transmitted through the regenerator to the pulsating tube without experiencing unnecessary precooling process. The required PV power generated by the linear compressor, furthermore, can be significantly diminished due to the relatively small specific volume of the working gas at low temperature. The PTR can reach lower temperature efficiently with higher heat lift at the corresponding temperature than other typical single-stage Stirling-type PTRs. Utilizing a cryogenic reservoir as a warm end and regulating the entire operating temperature range of the PTR will enable a PTR to operate efficiently under space environment.In this research, the experimental validation as a proof of concept was carried out to demonstrate the capability of PTR operating between 80 K and 40 K. The linear compressor was submerged in a liquid nitrogen bath and the lowest temperature was measured as 38.5 K. The test results were analyzed to identify loss mechanisms with the simple numerical computation (linear model) which considers the dynamic characteristics of the cold linear compressor with thermo-hydraulic governing equations for each of sub components of the PTR. All the mass flows and pressure waves were assumed to be sinusoidal.     

Simulation of rotating stall in a whole stage of an axial compressor

Aerodynamic instabilities that naturally occur in compression systems, such as surge and rotating stall, largely reduce the life duration and performance of system components. The prediction of the compressor operating range is thus a key parameter for the design of gas turbines. This paper investigates the ability of an unsteady flow solver to simulate the rotating stall phenomenon in the full annulus of an axial compressor stage. A comparison with experimental data indicates that the simulation correctly estimates the stability limit. However the rotating stall flow patterns are different. While measurements show only one full span rotating stall cell (40 Hz), the simulation shows first a part span stall with 10 cells (790 Hz) that evolves then towards a full span stall with three cells (170 Hz). A spectral analysis based on numerical results underlines the role of rotor-stator interactions in the development of rotating stall. The effects of downstream volumes and inlet distortions are also discussed, showing the necessity to consider the whole geometry to correctly predict the rotating stall frequency.     

大型压缩机组设备群的故障预测与健康管理

介绍了压缩机组设备群—复杂系统的故障预示和健康状态管理技术和系统的研究。融合早期故障预示、综合故障诊断和远程专家诊断技术,研究设备群的健康状态管理技术,并研发了压缩机组设备群故障诊断和健康状态管理系统,实现主辅机故障诊断和健康状态管理一体化、监测控制信息利用共享化、生产企业和设备制造企业知识资源利用最大化,为石化生产企业和设备制造企业提供一套全生命周期的压缩机组设备群故障诊断和健康管理的系统解决方案。     

Solar or surplus heat-driven actuators using metal hydride alloys

A metal hydride (MH) actuator provides mechanical work by applying the hydrogen pressure transition that originates from the reversible reaction of the MH alloy as it absorbs and desorbs hydrogen gas. The MH actuators that have been reported employ a Peltier element or an electrical heating resistance wire as a heat source. This paper describes the design of an MH actuator that is driven by low-quality heat sources, such as solar heat or surplus heat. A certain composition of a LaNi₅-based alloy that produces desorbing and absorbing reactions through a low-temperature difference is specified. This alloy composition can provide a large amount of hydrogen desorption using solar heat or surplus heated water and a large amount of hydrogen absorption by natural air cooling in an adequate reaction time. To improve the moving speed and to control the performance, a reciprocating air compressor that applies this solar or surplus heat-driven MH actuator is proposed. These findings support the efficacy of an MH actuator operating without electric or fossil fuel energy consumption.     

基于虚拟仪器的压缩机性能测试系统的研究与实现

依据GB/T3853-1998《容积式压缩机验收试验》的国家标准,采用NI公司的LabVIEW虚拟仪器技术,对空气压缩机性能试验进行了自动测试研究;针对该测试系统中喷嘴系数选择具有强非线性,通过插值算法实现了喷嘴系数的自动选择.主要介绍了自动测试系统的构成及试验流程的计算方法,实际应用表明,该测控系统具有快速、开放性好...     

基于冷量阈值的整流罩空调控制策略研究

针对某航天发射场整流罩空调机组经常出现前级蒸发器结霜和送风温湿度波动问题,进行问题机理分析,结合新风与表冷后目标露点的焓值差提出了一种基于冷量阈值的压缩机PID控制方法;该方法首先根据新风和目标露点的焓值差计算出处理空气所需的实际冷量,然后将该冷量作为基于露点PID控制压缩机输出的上限值;冷量阈值的使用一方面使PID控制一直保持欠调节状态,避免了压缩机投入比的上下跳变而导致送风温湿度波动的问题;另一方面有效解决了压缩机投入冷量过多而导致的蒸发器结霜问题;实践证明,优化后的空调机组运行稳定可靠,温湿度控制精度得到有效提升,分别达到了±0.5 ℃和±3%,满足航天器产品保障需求。     

基于 NSGA-Ⅱ的无油涡旋空压机动定盘的选配

针对无油涡旋空压机零部件装配的特点和存在的问题,采用快速非支配排序遗传算法,根据动定盘选配问题的特点,对遗传基因进行十进制的编码,设计选择、交叉、变异等各个遗传算子,用C＃语言完成整个算法的编写,并以04 A型主机动定盘选配为实例,验证选配算法的可行性和有效性。