基于融合理论的车用柴油机失火在线诊断

为避免车用柴油机失火故障发生,基于信息融合理论,制定了柴油机失火诊断策略和失火率预测模型;利用轻型车排放转鼓循环的动力与排放等试验数据,对柴油机失火及失火率进行了判别与预测.根据国Ⅳ的OBD系统项目试验条款,通过失火控制器设定失火故障,进行了车用柴油机失火诊断、失火率预测和排放测试等试验.结果表明:诊断训练误差为0.08％,失火诊断的准确率为99.92％,失火率的诊断误差为0.05％,证实了制定的柴油机失火诊断策略是切实可行的;表明了信息融合方法是柴油机失火诊断、失火率预测的理论基础,为车用柴油机满足OBD排放规定提供了保障.     

A technical method to improve NOx/NH3 mixing ratio in SCR system and its engineering applications

A technical method for diagnosing the distribution of NO_x flux within the cross-section area in front of ammonia injection grid (AIG) was proposed for guiding the valve-tuning of AIG branch-pipes, in order to optimize the NO_x/NH₃ mixing ratio in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system of power plant. The weight coefficient of each branch-pipe in AIG system can be quantitatively determined with regard to the distribution of NO_x flux in the corresponding sub-zone of the cross-section area. The control strategy of the valves for different AIG branch-pipes can be achieved for guiding the NH₃ injection and improving the NO_x/NH₃ mixing ratio within the whole cross-section area in front of AIG. The technology has been applied on one side of the SCR system flue-gas tunnels (normally two tunnels for the SCR system called as A-side and B-side) of a 660 MW plant for more than one year. The ammonia consumption rate of the SCR system was reduced about 12.62% and the uniformity of outlet NO_x distribution was estimated to be greatly improved by about 79.01% with regard to the standard deviation. The rising rate of the flue gas resistance of the air preheater was slown down by 39.18% compared to that of the other flue-gas tunnel of SCR system. This implied that the formation of the sticky ammonium bisulfate (ABS) on air preheater was significantly inhibited through the application of this technology.     

采用废气再循环降低柴油机NOX排放

本文论述了EGR降低柴油机NOX 排放的原理和采用该技术的必要性 ,探讨了柴油机NOX 和EGR率的测量方法 ,以及EGR的控制方法 ,并指出了与EGR相匹配的旨在全面控制柴油机排气污染物的技术。     

Optimum performance of a heat engine‐driven combined vapour compression–absorption–ejector heat pump

Optimum performance of an endoreversible heat engine‐driven heat pump cycle, based on a combination of an absorption cycle with a vapour and ejector compression cycles is investigated. This combination increases the performance of the conventional ejector and absorption cycles and provides high performance for heating. The analysis show that the combined heat pump cycle has a significant increase in system performance over the heat engine‐driven vapour compression or absorption heat pump cycle and heat engine‐driven combined vapour compression and absorption heat pump cycle. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

火花点火式天然气发动机燃烧系统的研究

本介绍了天然气发动机预燃室燃烧系统的研制过程，新设计的燃烧系统工作可靠、性能优良。试验结果表明：预燃室内混合气着火稳定、火焰传播迅速；主燃室燃烧速度高、持续期短、无后燃现象，整机性能比原机有较大的提高。     

排气门正时对柴油机冷起动性能的影响

通过在一台单缸直喷柴油机上进行实验,分析了不同排气门正时条件对柴油机冷起动过程燃烧及排放性能的影响.结果表明,通过调节排气门关闭正时,适当增大缸内残余废气量,可显著改善起动过程初始着火循环的着火燃烧性能和提高起动过程缸内燃烧的稳定性.不同排气门关闭条件对起动过程的排放有着非常重要的影响.适当提前排气门关闭时刻,可以显著降低冷起动过程的烟度排放,特别是降低冷起动过程初始阶段的烟度排放.而对于NO2排放,由于残余废气具有很强的热效应,随着排气门关闭时刻提前,Nox排放呈上升趋势.     

HCCI柴油机燃烧过程数值模拟研究

均质压燃(HCCI:homgeneous charge compression ignition)燃烧方式已成为发动机领域的硬件研究热点。针对CA4D32-09型柴油机,对HCCI燃烧过程进行了计算模拟,并利用统计的方法对影响HCCI燃烧特性的因素进行分析,通过计算得出HCCI发动机燃烧过程的影响因素及发动机主要参数对混合气均质特性的作用。     

辛置煤矿10#煤综采工作面防灭火技术研究与应用

针对辛置煤矿10#煤综采工作面煤层自然发火的特点,采用现场实测分析及注胶防灭火的方法,对工作面煤体漏风情况、回采巷道内风流温度、CO及CH4浓度进行了监测,并应用了注胶防灭火的技术。针对工作面煤体内多处漏风严重,应用粉煤灰、高分子胶体注胶技术进行防治后,各监测点风流温度及煤层温度均得到有效降低,保证了工作面安全推进。     

Effect of Kollidon VA®64 particle size and morphology as directly compressible excipient on tablet compression properties

The study evaluates use of Kollidon VA^®64 and a combination of Kollidon VA^®64 with Kollidon VA^®64 Fine as excipient in direct compression process of tablets. The combination of the two grades of material is evaluated for capping, lamination and excessive friability. Inter particulate void space is higher for such excipient due to the hollow structure of the Kollidon VA^®64 particles. During tablet compression air remains trapped in the blend exhibiting poor compression with compromised physical properties of the tablets. Composition of Kollidon VA^®64 and Kollidon VA^®64 Fine is evaluated by design of experiment (DoE). A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of two grades of Kollidon VA^®64 exhibits morphological differences between coarse and fine grade. The tablet compression process is evaluated with a mix consisting of entirely Kollidon VA^®64 and two mixes containing Kollidon VA^®64 and Kollidon VA^®64 Fine in ratio of 77:23 and 65:35. A statistical modeling on the results from the DoE trials resulted in the optimum composition for direct tablet compression as combination of Kollidon VA^®64 and Kollidon VA^®64 Fine in ratio of 77:23. This combination compressed with the predicted parameters based on the statistical modeling and applying main compression force between 5 and 15?kN, pre-compression force between 2 and 3?kN, feeder speed fixed at 25?rpm and compression range of 45–49?rpm produced tablets with hardness ranging between 19 and 21?kp, with no friability, capping, or lamination issue.     

Performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine operated on plastic pyrolysis oil with exhaust gas recirculation

The objective of this research was to study the performance and emission characteristics of using waste plastic pyrolysis oil in diesel engine without any engine modification. The engine used in this study is a four-stroke single-cylinder naturally aspirated diesel engine (compression ignition). In the present work, the engine fuelled with blends of diesel fuel (DF) with plastic oil in the ratio of 90:10 (blend10%), 80:20 (blend20%), 70:30 (blend30%), and 50:50 (blend50%) are experimentally measured the efficiencies and emissions, analysed the performance, and compared results with that of DF.