直流±250 kV海底电缆J型管段载流量提升研究北大核心CSCD

J型管作为新型电力系统中新能源海上风电送出系统海底电缆的保护装置,其存在会阻碍海缆对外散热,制约整条风电送出线路的载流量。为了提高J型管段海缆载流量,文中建立了典型J型管段流体—温度耦合数值模型,仿真分析了环境风速、太阳辐射、环境温度对直流±250 kV海底电缆封闭J型管系统温度场的影响规律,确定J型管载流量瓶颈位置,提出了一种J型管外壁开孔配合平台开孔引入外界风的J型管载流量提升方法,验证了仿真模型与算法的正确性。结果表明与全封闭J型管系统相比,J型管外壁开孔配合平台开孔能有效降低海缆温度,环境风速较低为1 m/s时载流量可有效提升13.98%。研究结果为指导J型管设计提升J型管段海缆载流量提供了新的解决方案。     

电压互感器手车复合绝缘失效及电场分布的研究北大核心CSCD

复合绝缘是空气绝缘开关设备小型化设计的一种重要绝缘方式。复合绝缘结构的PT(电压互感器)柜运行情况表明,该类型产品的绝缘故障率较高,特别是在湿度和污秽联合影响下,因绝缘结构设计不当的产品很容易产生局部放电,进而引发相间短路。究其原因,绝缘隔板是相间短路的"桥梁"。文中对一起24 kV PT手车三相短路事故原因进行了详细分析,通过电场仿真结果可以看出:在复合绝缘结构中,高压对绝缘板之间的距离是复合绝缘结构设计的关键。文中的故障分析以及电场分析为新产品开发与故障诊断提供了有益的参考。     

基于间隙度量的多模型过热汽温预测控制

针对火电机组主汽温被控对象所具有的大惯性、大迟延以及其随机组负荷变化而发生的参数时变性,为解决传统串级控制方案在机组深度调峰情况下控制品质恶化的问题,提出了一种基于间隙度量的多模型过热汽温预测控制策略。引入间隙度量理论来确定各模型输出的权值。首先选取若干个典型工况设计局部预测控制器;再运用间隙度量理论,计算各个局部预测控制器的输出权值,进而加权求出控制器的输出值。仿真研究表明,该方法可以很好地应对机组负荷变化时被控对象参数变化的问题;与使用常规的串级控制以及单模型预测控制方案相比,主汽温的动态和稳态性能得到了改善。     

冷绝高温超导电缆绝缘层设计研究

通过对冷绝缘高温超导电缆绝缘层的设计、评测及研制工艺过程分析,总结了绝缘失效的原因及研制工艺的缺陷,提出绝缘层研制工艺优化改进的措施及操作方法,可为冷绝缘高温超导电缆的研究提供一定的参考。     

一种轴向风冷结构对高速永磁电机转子温升的抑制研究

在变频器驱动方式下,高速永磁电机具有较大的转子涡流损耗,由于其转子的散热能力较差,易使永磁体温升较高,而发生不可逆失磁现象。采用机壳水冷结构可以有效地带走电机定子侧的热量,但是对于高速永磁电机的转子部位,水冷结构的冷却效果有限。以一台15 kW、30 000 r/min的高速永磁电机为例,设计了一种风、水混合冷却结构,基于流固耦合的计算方法分析了水速、风向以及不同风道截面积对电机永磁体部位温升的影响,并得出了相对的最优值。与仅采用水冷结构相比,增加该风冷结构可使永磁体温升降低了18.1 K,该结构可对大功率高速永磁电机的冷却系统设计提供一定的参考。     

基于IGBT选型的整流器、逆变器损耗计算新方法研究

随着“双碳”概念深入人心,为满足企业对于节能减排、绿色发展的要求,以1 140 V/75 kW变频调速系统为研究对象,提出一种新颖的整流器和逆变器IGBT计算损耗方法,用于IGBT的选择和电力电子散热装置的设计。在实现过程中,考虑栅极驱动电阻和直流母线电压对损耗的影响,给出IGBT的导通损耗、总开关损耗、效率和结温的分析方法。基于IGBT损耗与结温的相互作用,得出IGBT结温曲线。并对IGBT进行了选择校核,仿真及实验验证了所提方案的正确性。     

原子层沉积低温生长α-MoO3薄膜

以六羰基钼和氧气为前驱体,通过等离子增强原子层沉积技术（PE-ALD）在硅基片上实现了α-MoO₃薄膜的低温制备。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜、X射线光电子能谱仪等手段对薄膜的晶体结构、表面形貌及薄膜成分进行表征和分析。研究发现衬底温度和氧源脉冲时间对MoO₃薄膜的晶体结构和表面形貌变化起关键作用。当衬底温度为170℃及以上时所制备的薄膜为α-MoO₃;适当延长ALD单循环中的氧源脉冲时间有利于低温沉积沿（0k0）高度择优取向的MoO₃薄膜。根据对不同厚度MoO₃薄膜表面的原子力显微图片分析,MoO₃薄膜为岛状生长模式。     

Comprehensive summary of solid oxide fuel cell control: a state-of-the-art review

A thermoelectric generation (TEG) system has the weakness of relatively low thermoelectric conversion efficiency caused by heterogeneous temperature distribution (HgTD). Dynamic reconfiguration is an effective technique to improve its overall energy efficiency under HgTD. Nevertheless, numerous combinations of electrical switches make dynamic reconfiguration a complex combinatorial optimization problem. This paper aims to design a novel adaptive coordinated seeker (ACS) based on an optimal configuration strategy for large-scale TEG systems with series–parallel connected modules under HgTDs. To properly balance global exploration and local exploitation, ACS is based on ‘divide-and-conquer’ parallel computing, which synthetically coordinates the local searching capability of tabu search (TS) and the global searching capability of a pelican optimization algorithm (POA) during iterations. In addition, an equivalent re-optimization strategy for a reconfiguration solution obtained by meta-heuristic algorithms (MhAs) is proposed to reduce redundant switching actions caused by the randomness of MhAs. Two case studies are carried out to assess the feasibility and superiority of ACS in comparison with the artificial bee colony algorithm, ant colony optimization, genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, simulated annealing algorithm, TS, and POA. Simulation results indicate that ACS can realize fast and stable dynamic reconfiguration of a TEG system under HgTDs. In addition, RTLAB platform-based hardware-in-the-loop experiments are carried out to further validate the hardware implementation feasibility.     

Metal Micropatterning by Triboelectric Spark Discharge

Metal micropatterns play critical roles in flexible electronics. However, the lack of versatile strategies for micropatterning of diverse metal materials on various thin, flexible or stretchable substrates has limited the rapid development of flexible electronics. Here, a metal micropatterning method by triboelectric spark discharge under atmospheric environment is developed, where a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is employed to precisely and safely control the voltage, current, and frequency of the spark discharges. Micropatterns of metal films like gold, silver, copper, aluminum and platinum are successfully fabricated on substrates of polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polydimethylsiloxane, paper or latex, even on ultrathin substrates (5 μm thick) without damage, where the feature sizes of metal patterns are controllable from 20 μm to 1 mm. Experimental insights into the triboelectric spark discharge behaviors and the pattern feature sizes control are discussed. A straightforward fabrication of metal patterns on the balloon surface or human skin through “handwriting” by a pencil as discharge electrode is realized. Besides metals, extended processibility of conductive materials like carbon nanotubes, graphene, MXene, graphite, carbon fibers, and conductive polymers are also demonstrated. This work proves the possibility of microfabrication by TENG, which is of simplicity and attractiveness for flexible electronics.     

氩放电检测器气相色谱仪在高纯氩气检测中的应用

氩放电检测器(Argon Discharge Detector)是一种用氩气做载气的气相色谱仪专用检测器,因其具有独特的检测能力,在氩气检测领域应用较为广泛。采用AGC仪器公司生产的Nova CHROM2000搭载氩放电检测器(ADD)气相色谱仪,对该检测器的检测能力进行评测。