公路工程无机结合料击实试验研究

从取料、制料以及对试验各环节的控制等方面,对如何获得准确的无机结合料击实试验数据进行了探讨。     

焦化厂干熄焦提升机控制系统

结合莱钢焦化厂4#干熄焦的现场实际，介绍了4#干熄焦提升机控制系统的构成、主要功能、提升和走行速度曲线，重点对提升机控制系统的PLC构成和控制做了介绍，整套系统自动化程度高，控制稳定、可靠。从目前的生产情况看，4#干熄焦提升机控制系统的设计完全满足干熄焦系统工艺安全、自动、高效的设计要求。     

Electromyography applied to sport ergonomics

Abstract

The improvement of electromyographic (EMG) devices for the detection of electric potentials produced in voluntary complex movements and the evolution of methodological approaches to data acquisition and computerized analysis of patterns, are responsible for the increased applications of EMG in bioengineering, rehabilitation, sport and occupational biomechanics, physiology and zoology and to a lesser extent in ergonomics. This paper describes three different EMG applications related to a sport environment using three different EMG registration and data acquisition approaches.

The first study examined the relation between the swimming action in water and its simulation using training equipment on land. It was found that with respect to the mechanical aspects of dry-land equipment and to the biomechanical differences in the execution of the front crawl action on dry land and in water, based on EMG activity of the propulsion muscles, the best results were found when using devices with accommodating resistance. Recovery muscles were best imitated using isokinetics, but despite the greater effort on land, lower EMG activity was recorded than in water. It was generally observed that whenever the swimmer acted against a mechanical resistance an important pattern deviation was noted.

Second, a study to determine the influence of ski materials on the EMG muscle activity of skiers showed systematic differences between the use of racing, soft and compact skis. The results supported the idea that the soft ski should be more highly recommended than the compact or racing ski for both general and competive use.

Finally, in a third study we found that there was a very high degree of similarity in the pattern and intensity of muscle activity in both free swimming and swimming against a mechanical resistance (MAD swimming), even though the kinesiological aspects of the movement trajectory were proved different beforehand.     

泉州湾跨海大桥填海路基防护设计

根据工程所在地的特点,在填海路基迎水面采用干砌条石防护,并利用条石凹凸码砌的消浪机理,防止了海水的侵蚀,波浪爬高相当有限,并且在条石防护的基础上设置了压顶及护脚,增加了坡面防护的稳定性,取得了良好的防护效果。     

Micronized drug powders in binary mixtures and the effect of physical properties on aerosolization from combination drug dry powder inhalers

Objectives: To evaluate physicochemical properties of two micronized drugs, salbutamol sulfate (SS) and beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) prepared as dry powder inhalation physical blends. Methods: Five different blends of SS:BDP ratios of 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 100:0 (w/w) were prepared. Aerosolization performance was evaluated using a multistage impinger and a Rotahaler® device. Results: The median SS particle diameter was larger than BDP (4.33?±?0.37 µm compared to 2.99?±?0.15 µm, respectively). The SS appeared to have a ribbon-like morphology, while BDP particles had plate-like shape with higher cohesion than SS. This was reflected in the aerosolization performance of the two drugs alone, where SS had a significantly higher fine particle fraction (FPF) than BDP (12.3%, 3.1% and 2.9%, 0.2%, respectively). The study of cohesion versus adhesion for a series of SS and BDP probes on SS and BDP substrates suggested both to be moderately adhesive, verified using scanning Raman microscopy, where a physical association between the two was observed. A plot of loaded versus emitted dose indicated that powder bed fluidization was significantly different when the drugs were tested individually. Furthermore, the FPF of the two drugs from the binary blends, at all three ratios, were similar. Conclusions: Such observations indicate that when these two drugs are formulated as a binary system, the resulting powder structure is altered and the aerosolization performance of each drug is not reflective of the individual drug performance. Such factors could have important implications and should be considered when developing combination dry powder inhalation systems.     

高活性干酵母生产的干燥设备和工艺介绍

采用流化床快速干燥工艺进行高活性干酵母的生产,产品水分含量从67%干燥到5%,参数控制准确,活性保持良好。系统配套CIP和自动化控制,减少人工干预,保证工艺稳定。     

Multi-breath dry powder inhaler for delivery of cohesive powders in the treatment of bronchiectasis

A series of co-engineered macrolide–mannitol particles were successfully prepared using azithromycin (AZ) as a model drug. The formulation was designed to target local inflammation and bacterial colonization, via the macrolide component, while the mannitol acted as mucolytic and taste-masking agent. The engineered particles were evaluated in terms of their physico-chemical properties and aerosol performance when delivered via a novel high-payload dry powder Orbital^? inhaler device that operates via multiple inhalation manoeuvres. All formulations prepared were of suitable size for inhalation drug delivery and contained a mixture of amorphous AZ with crystalline mannitol. A co-spray dried formulation containing 200?mg of 50:50?w/w AZ: mannitol had 57.6%?±?7.6% delivery efficiency with a fine particle fraction (≤6.8?µm) of the emitted aerosol cloud being 80.4%?±?1.1%, with minimal throat deposition (5.3?±?0.9%). Subsequently, it can be concluded that the use of this device in combination with the co-engineered macrolide–mannitol therapy may provide a means of treating bronchiectasis.     

某工程基础及钢围堰设计与施工

水中基础施工是桥梁施工中控制工期的重要节点,该文阐述了在枯水期通过先旋挖钻孔施工桩基础再进行钢围堰施工,可避免常规施工方法在钢围堰上搭设钻孔平台进行水上钻孔施工的安全风险,为类似工程提供一定的参考。     

Performance of porous European mix (PEM) pavements added with crumb rubbers in dry process

Crumb rubber modifier, made from scrap tires, has been introduced into the production of different types of hot mix asphalt in either wet or dry process. To determine if the rubberised asphalt mix performs as well as polymer-modified asphalt cement (PMAC), test sections of rubberised and control PMAC porous European mix (PEM) in Georgia were examined through a visual inspection and laboratory testing. The results indicated that the performance of rubberised PEM pavements from visual inspection was almost equal to that of PMAC PEM (as the controls) with no rutting or cracking being found, except that the Cantabro test showed a higher mass loss after 3 years' service. After 5 years' service in I-75 Perry, the rubberised PEM still performed a little better rutting resistance, although the rubberised section experienced about twice cumulative traffic as compared to the control; the other visual inspections remained the same.