干耦合超声波测试技术及其岩石动静参量测试应用

岩体非线性特征随深度增加不断凸显,其力学参量现场实时精确测量及长期监测,为地应力解除过程中岩体变化特征及应力监测提供了必要的基础。然而目前岩石力学参量测定多基于室内力学试验,时效性及拟合方法都会对测试结果带来误差。传统耦合超声波发射、接收探头对接触面平整性要求高,无法实现布置于现场钻孔内的长效监测。基于干耦合点接触声波探头测速技术,通过对声波发射、接收探头设计,电路板稳定性及去噪算法研究,研发出具有瞬时采集、无线传输功能的数字化波速采集系统。通过对同一区域取自现场加工的?50 mm×100 mm花岗岩岩样及地应力解除岩芯,分别进行室内力学试验及波速测定,以计算获取相应静态、动态弹性模量。结果表明:首先,自研发基于干耦合点接触声波测速采集系统,对不同工作接触面适应性较好,数据误差在规范允许范围内。其次,对于同一区域相同岩性不同尺度、形态的岩样,其动态、静态弹性模量关系彼此间具有适用性。这就为现场基于干耦合点接触声波测速计算获得的岩体动态弹性模量,推算其静态弹性模量提供了依据。进一步的,基于干耦合点接触声波测速数字化采集系统,岩体动、静态力学参数在现场地应力岩芯解除过程及岩体长期监测过程中的实时采集及分析研究,具有一定的可行性。     

Microparticles containing erlotinib-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with sensitizing mutations in the exons 18–21 of the epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene show increased kinase activity of EGFR. Hence, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as erlotinib (ETB) have commonly been used as the second line therapeutic option for the treatment of metastatic NSCLC. While the ETB is available as an oral dosage form, the local delivery of this TKI to the diseased cells of the lung may ameliorate its therapeutic impacts. In the current study, we report on the development of ETB-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) based formulation of dry powder inhaler (ETB-SLN DPI). ETB-SLNs were formulated using designated amount of compritol/poloxamer 407. The engineered ETB-SLNs showed sub-100?nm spherical shape with an encapsulation efficiency of 78.21%. MTT assay and DAPI staining revealed that the ETB-SLNs enhanced the cytotoxicity of cargo drug molecules in the human alveolar adenocarcinoma epithelial A549 cells as a model for NSCLC. To attain the ETB-SLN DPI, the ETB-SLNs were efficiently spray dried into microparticles (1–5?μm) along with mannitol. The ETB-SLN DPI powder displayed suitable flowability and aerodynamic traits. The Carr's Index, Hausner ratio and Next Generation Impactor (NGI) analyses confirmed deep inhalation pattern of the formulation. Based on these findings, we propose the ETB-SLN DPI as a promising treatment modality for the NSCLC patients.     

农药剂型加工企业干制剂加工环境污染浅析

通过分析农药干制剂中的代表性品种可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂在加工过程中产生的污染,经采取环保措施处理后,污染物对环境影响进行分析可知,只要农药企业以清洁生产为原则,采取可行的环保措施,农药企业的许多污染是可以控制的,对环境影响较小。     

太原市干粉砂浆发展初探

分析了太原市发展干粉砂浆的有利条件,阐述了干粉砂浆的发展前景,对太原市的资源综合利用和发展循环经济进行了探索.     

Effect of dry heat stabilisation on the functional properties of rice bran proteins

Rice bran was stabilised by dry heat method at 120 °C for 10–60 min, and then, protein was extracted from stabilised rice bran using weak alkali method. The storage characteristics of stabilised rice bran and the influences of dry heat pretreatment on the physicochemical properties of rice bran protein isolate were also evaluated. The results indicated that dry heat pretreatment could not only prevent rancidity of rice bran effectively, but also improve some functional properties of rice bran proteins, such as emulsifying properties, oil holding capacity, and water holding capacity. However, foaming properties and protein solubility were slightly destroyed because of heating. Rice bran was pretreated at 120 °C for 10 or 20 min and then extracted at pH 9.5, and the protein yields were 50.09% and 46.98%, respectively. Therefore, the dry heat treatment at 120 °C for 10 or 20 min was a suitable alternative process in stabilisation of rice bran.     

The physicochemical parameters during dry heating strongly influence the gelling properties of whey proteins

In this study we determined the composition (proportion of native proteins, soluble and insoluble aggregates) and quantified the gelling properties (gel strength and water holding capacity) of pre-texturized whey proteins by dry heating under controlled physicochemical conditions. For this purpose, a commercial whey protein isolate was dry heated at 80 °C (up to 6 days), 100 °C (up to 24 h) and 120 °C (up to 3 h) under controlled pH (2.5, 4.5 or 6.5) and water activity (0.23, 0.32, or 0.52). Gelling properties were quantified on heat-set gels prepared from reconstituted pre-texturized proteins at 10% and pH 7.0. The formation of dry-heat soluble aggregates enhanced the gelling properties of whey proteins. The maximal gelling properties was achieved earlier by increasing pH and water activity of powders subjected to dry heating. An optimized combination of the dry heating parameters will help to achieve better gelling properties for dry heated whey proteins.     

抚河中下游流域缺水情况及典型年研究

抚河水量支撑着抚河流域的用水安全,尤其是人口密集、工农业较为发达的抚河中下游流域。通过对水文资料以及其他资料的整理分析,当前抚河中下游流域的缺水干旱呈现以下情况:近10 a来的降雨量有所偏少,干旱缺水频发;年内枯水期和后汛期(农业用水高峰期)均出现缺水问题;持续的社会发展使得对用水的需求保持高位,水资源供需问题不容乐观;年内最低水位下降的现象反映缺水干旱问题有所加重;流域内水利工程调节能力有所提高,但仍显不足。另外,对缺水期抚河径流量和降雨量进行频率分析,分别得出了频率曲线和典型年,2种方法得出的规律较为一致,因土壤前期含水量差异的原因,部分典型年有所差异。     

两条2500t／d熟料生产线的比较与分析

对山西中条山新型建材有限公司和新绛威顿水泥有限公司的2500t／d熟料生产线热工标定数据进行了比较与分析。采用废渣配料，既可以提高熟料产量，又能大幅度降低熟料热耗，具有很好的发展前景，但在生产中应注意其对烧成系统的影响。     

纯环氧酸酐树脂体系配套用国产少胶粉云母带的性能研究

主要对国产含促进剂少胶粉云母带DECJX的电气绝缘性及包扎工艺性等方面进行研究,采用该云母带制作试验定子线圈,并对定子线圈的各项性能进行测试分析。结果表明:该国产含促进剂少胶粉云母带DECJX的各项性能均达到国外同类产品的技术指标要求,生产的定子线圈各项性能优异,可逐步在高压交流电机上推广应用。     

The in vitro and in vivo investigation of inhaled migraine therapies using a novel aerosol delivery system consisting of an air pressurized capsule device (APCD) in combination with a pMDI spacer for endotracheal dosing into beagle dogs

Abstract

Context: Aerosol delivery to animals in preclinical settings has historically been very challenging, requiring the use of techniques, such as intratracheal instillation and dry powder insufflation, that are somewhat invasive, inefficient and not representative of clinical inhalation.

Objective: The objective of this work is to develop a system to deliver dry powder to dogs in an efficient and effective manner for the study of new anti-migraine compounds in development.

Materials and methods: The new device uses a metered aliquot of a dry gas to force dry powder drug from a pre-filled HPMC capsule into an AeroChamber® spacer for subsequent inhalation by the animal.

Results: The delivery of two invesigational migraine drugs via the new device was assessed in vitro using abbreviated Andersen cascade impaction and showed the device is capable of generating a reproducible delivered dose of up to ～68% with more than 50% of the dose in the respirable range. In vivo studies have also been performed showing that this device effectively delivered the migraine drugs to spontaneously breathing dogs using a proprietary validated dog inhalation model.

Discussion: Results confirmed that the air pressurized capsule device (APCD) was effective in delivering the APIs to lungs of the animals. The in vivo data verified the advantages of inhaled delivery over oral delivery for this class of drugs and were used to establish the cardiopulmonary and respiratory side effect liability profile for these compounds.

Conclusions: This work has demonstrated the utility of this device for quick and accurate screening of prospective drug candidates, representing a significant improvement in ease of use and reprodicibility over current delivery methods.