无线传感器网络中影响能源消耗的因素的研究

在传感器网络中,电源能量是各个节点最宝贵的资源。为了使传感器网络的使用时间尽可能地长,必须合理有效地利用能量。该文从无线传感器网络的体系结构出发,对影响网络能源消耗的因素进行了研究。     

Towards a Mobile Code Management Environment for Complex,Real-Time,Distributed Systems

We present a novel mobile code management environment,currently under design and development. Our design employs anopen architecture, suitable for ``plug-and-play' with COTS andother groups' tools. While we have studied new algorithms, costand objective functions, and other fundamental issues, the maincontribution of this experimental research work is in the environmentitself. It should be noted that networked platforms, such asthe World Wide Web, are inherently not suitable for traditional,predictable real-time applications. Thus, real-time concernsnecessarily need to be blended with others concerns, and thetarget applications, making use of our environment, will toobe a blend of partially hard real-time and partially (or mostly)soft-real- time ones. The prototype environment will thereforesupport performance-based analysis and management focusing notonly on predictability but also on compilation, efficiency, safetyand other tradeoffs. We have selected the Java language and itsbytecode format as a representation for mobile code as well asa language for our implementation.     

Selective Idling: Experiments in Transport Layer Energy Conservation

In this paper we consider the potential of using an aggressive form of energy conservation for mobile computing environments. The estimators for the round-trip time and round-trip time variance used by TCP are used to direct the transceiver of a mobile node to idle over extended periods of time when packet activity is not anticipated. In addition, we consider data link layer extensions that provide additional control information allowing the mobile to be further selective as to when to idle and when to activate the network interface device. Simulations are conducted to examine the performance of the proposed scheme under various levels of congestion in the fixed part of the network, from completely unloaded to fully congested. The simulations reveal that the technique is promising but its effectiveness depends crucially on the control of the maximum window size used by TCP and on accurate knowledge of the congestion conditions in the network.     

一个农户生态经济系统的分析

对沈阳市桃仙镇荒山子村一个农户生态经济系统进行分析,结果表明：该农户正处于从传统农业向现代农业的过渡阶段,经济效益较好,整体技术水平和生态效益低,后两了该农户的进一步发展,以目前的生产水平,应采取户与户联合,取得规模效益,以当前农业产业化的发展。     

A base62 transformation format of ISO 10646 for multilingual identifiers

ISO 10646 Universal Character Set (UCS) is a 31‐bit coding architecture that covers symbols in most of the world's written languages. Identifiers in programming languages are usually defined by using alphanumeric characters of ASCII, which represent mainly English words. An approach for working around this deficiency is to encode multilingual identifiers into the alphanumeric range of ASCII. For case‐sensitive languages, an encoding that utilizes [0–9][A–Z][a–z] can be more space‐efficient for multilingual identifiers. This paper proposes a base62 transformation format of ISO 10646 called UTF‐62. The resulting string of UTF‐62 is within a [0–9][A–Z][a–z] range, a total of 62 base characters. UTF‐62 also preserves the lexicographic sorting order of UCS‐4. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Estimation of energy expenditure in a work environment: Comparison of accelerometry and oxygen consumption/heart rate regression

The aim of this study was to compare estimation of energy expenditure (EE) in working environments, either from accelerometry or from an individual oxygen consumption/heart rate ([Vdot]O₂/HR) regression curve. The study participants were 46 volunteer workers aged 27±6 years old. A significant correlation between EE predicted by the [Vdot]O₂/HR curve and the accelerometer was observed (r=0.78, p <0.01). However, more disparities were observed between the two methods when the mean job intensity was not within 16% and 23% higher than resting HR. The accelerometer overestimated by a mean of 34.4% the prediction by [Vdot]O₂/HR regression if the intensity of the task was lower than a total of 1000 kcal/shift and underestimated the prediction by a mean of –24.9% if EE estimation of the work shift was higher than a total of 1500 kcal/shift. Despite a high correlation between both methods in the whole group, EE evaluated by accelerometry does not correspond to EE predicted by the [Vdot]O₂/HR regression curves when evaluated individually.     

电解法合成高铁酸钠的实验研究

通过改变传统电极设置位置,评定影响电解效率的各因素以实现电流效率的最大化.在简化电解装置的同时,不影响电流效率的提高.实验结果表明,将传统左右式设置电极改为上下式设置电极,阴极距液面2cm,阳极距底面4cm,电流密度2mA/cm2,NaOH浓度14mol/L,温度60℃,电解1.5h,并加入搅拌的情况下电流效率最大达到58%.     

基于龙虎山水电站水轮机选型设计

根据龙虎山水电站的工程概况,对该电站的设计参数进行选择分析,综合考虑各种因素,对比国内能量指标较优的转轮,从各个方面对各型号进行了比较,确定了“4大+1小”为最优方案,选择了最适合于本电站的水轮机的机型.     

Energy flux characteristics of seismic waves at the interface between soil layers with different saturations

Based on the multiphase poroelasticity theory describing the propagation of waves in the unsaturated fluid-saturated porous medium, the reflection and transmission coefficients of the seismic waves at the interface between soil layers with different saturations are obtained. Our unsaturated model consists of a deformable skeleton in which two compressible and viscous fluids (i.e., water and gas) flow in the interstices. Three compressional waves (i.e., P1, P2, and P3 waves) and one shear (i.e., S wave) wave exist in the unsaturated soils. The expressions for the energy ratios of the various reflected and transmitted waves at the interface during the transmission and reflection processes are presented in explicit forms accordingly. At last, numerical computations are performed and the results obtained are respectively depicted graphically. The variation of the energy ratios with the incident angle, wave frequency and saturation degrees of the upper and lower soil layers is illustrated in detail. The calculation results show that the allocation of incident seismic waves at the interface is influenced not only by the angle and frequency of the incident seismic waves, but also by the saturations of the upper and lower soil layers. It is also verified that, at the interface, the sum of energy ratios of the reflected and transmitted waves is approximately equal to unity as was expected. This study is of importance to several fields such as geotechnical engineering, seismology, and geophysics.     

数字式三相智能电能表的研制

介绍了一款基于单片机Atmega128的三相数字式智能电能表的研制,从电路硬件选型、电路设计及制作进行论述。所设计的智能电能表与同类产品相比具有集成度高、功能强、成本更低廉、抗干扰能力强、功耗低等优点。随着未来电能智能化管理及电能表集抄需求,该款表具有很大的应用前景。