Numerical simulation study on the influence of the ground stress field on the stability of roadways

We adopt the concept of generalized plane strain to model a roadway in a stress field.This can avoid limitations caused by simplifying the stress analysis as plane strain.FLAC3D was used to investigate the maximum tensile stress and displacement of a roadway in a known stress field for angles,α,between the roadway axial direction and the maximum principal stress of 0°,30°,45°,60° and 90°.This theory was applied to the analysis of an engineering case.The results indicate that stress and displacement of the surrounding rock increase as the angle,α,increases.This provides some significant guidance for a reasonable layout of roadways in a known stress field.     

软岩巷道破裂特征与分阶段分区域控制研究

解决软岩巷道维护问题的关键在于准确把握该类巷道围岩内部裂隙发展演化规律和破裂特征.以某矿典型的软岩巷道为研究对象,实验研究了巷道围岩组份及微结构的特征;现场测试了巷道围岩内部破裂发展过程和规律,得到了典型软岩巷道围岩内部裂隙扩展贯通具有阶段性和非均匀性的破裂特征;根据巷道破裂发展的时间效应和区域特征,提出了分阶段、分区域控制的关键技术,包括:分阶段喷射混凝土、锚杆(索)强力支护、围岩注浆加固的过程控制和重点部位的加强支护技术.现场工程实践表明,针对软岩巷道破裂特征的分阶段控制技术可以有效控制软岩巷道的围岩变形破裂的发展,实现该类巷道的围岩稳定.     

深基坑工程安全评价的尖点突变模型

为评价深基坑工程失稳的突变特征,采用突变理论建立了深基坑工程尖点突变安全评价模型.根据工程安全监控理论,引入突变理论,以基坑水平变形为例,考虑深基坑土体的流变特性,建立了基于时效影响因子的深基坑工程尖点突变安全评价模型.实例分析表明,尖点突变安全评价模型克服了采用常规设置监控值评价时参数选择困难,并能反映基坑失稳突变性的特点,可以量化评价基坑安全程度,正确评价安全状态,具有适应性强、精度高的优点.     

两郧断裂带十漫高速公路隧道围岩稳定性研究

应用非线性有限元法和施工过程力学的基本原理,研究十漫公路隧道的开挖、支护的原理,根据两陨断裂带的岩体特征,采用分步加载和荷载释放的原理,对隧道的整体稳定性以及围岩和支护结构的受力特征进行了详细分析.由数值模拟结果可知:隧道环向处产生应力集中,且初次衬砌和二次支护结构应力较大;局部断裂破碎带对二道垭隧道的影响较大.因此需要在施工中采用合理的开挖支护方法,确保隧道的施工期及正常运营期的稳定性.     

Comprehensive assessment on dynamic roof instability under fractured rock mass conditions in the excavation disturbed zone

The damage process of fractured rock mass showed that the fracture in rocks induced roof collapse in Yangchangwan Coal Mine,China.The rock mass was particularly weak and fractured.There occurred 6 large-scale dynamical roof falls in the excavation disturbed zone (EDZ) with the collapsing volume of 216 m3.First,the field detailed geological environment,regional seismic dy-namics,and dynamic instability of roadways were generally investigated.Second,the field multiple-index monitoring measurements for detecting the deep delamination of the roof,convergence deformation,bolt-cable load,acoustic emission (AE) characteristic pa-rameters,total AE events,AE energy-releasing rate,rock mass fracture,and damage were arranged.Finally,according to the time-space-strength relations,a quantitative assessment of the influence of rock-mass damage on the dynamic roof instability was accomplished.     

Deformation characteristics of surrounding rock of broken and soft rock roadway

A similar material model and a numerical simulation were constructed and are described herein. The deformation and failure of surrounding rock of broken and soft roadway are studied by using these models. The deformation of the roof and floor, the relative deformation of the two sides and the deformation of the deep surrounding rock are predicted using the model. Measurements in a working mine are compared to the results of the models. The results show that the surrounding rock shows clear rheological features under high stress conditions. Deformation is unequally distributed across the whole section. The surrounding rock exhibited three deformation stages: displacement caused by stress concentration, rheological displacement after the digging effects had stabilized and displacement caused by supporting pressure of the roadway. Floor heave was serious, accounting for 65% of the total deformation of the roof and floor. Floor heave is the main reason for failure of the surrounding rock. The reasons for deformation of the surrounding rock are discussed based on the similar material and numerical simulations.     

巷道组过断层围岩控制技术研究

以深井巷道组过特大型断层（落差大于100m）破碎带为工程背景,采用数值模拟的办法对比分析了正常地层和断层破碎带中巷道组围岩的力学特征以及相互影响;结合断层破碎带围岩的实际情况,建立了＂早预测、短进尺、弱爆破、强支护、紧封闭、勤量测、防突水＂的断层带施工技术和综合保障体系,形成超前物探、超前加固、微震开挖、分步动态支护等综合配套技术,保证了巷道的施工安全。     

拉森钢板桩基坑支护施工工艺

文章介绍了拉森钢板桩基坑支护施工工艺、沉桩措施;指出了拉森钢板桩支护是切实可行的.     

硐室爆破技术在鹅头厂铁矿的应用

说明了鹅头厂铁矿露天采场延深采用硐室爆破的理由,分析了爆破参数选择、硐室爆破参数计算、边坡安全的要求、导硐及药室布置、药室堵塞及起爆网路等,并对爆破效果进行了评价。     

深部巷道围岩破裂模型试验变形量测研究

针对地质力学模型试验内部变形难以精确量测的难题,以深部巷道围岩破裂模型试验为基础,在模型中布置了布拉格光纤光栅应变传感器和光栅尺位移传感器,对巷道围岩内部的应变和位移进行监测,并布置了电阻应变砖进行对比分析.研究成果表明:1)电阻应变砖、布拉格光纤光栅应变传感器和光栅尺位移传感器测得的围岩内部变形规律基本一致,将光纤光栅应变传感器和光栅尺位移传感器应用于模型试验的内部变形量测是可行的;2)光栅尺位移传感器精度可达到0.001 mm,且具有制作简单、稳定性强、不易损坏等优点,在模型试验中具有广泛的应用前景;3)3种量测手段均揭示出深部巷道围岩内部变形呈现波峰与波谷交替变化,这与模型断面出现的破裂区与非破裂区交替破裂现象相吻合.