一类含指数函数的Bézier型曲线的构造

曲线的设计与修改是CAD/CAM和数控技术研究的一个重要课题,具有广泛的应用背景.为了满足表示和设计复杂自由曲线的需求,论文构造了一类基于指数函数的曲线-E曲线,给出了基函数及E曲线的定义与性质.通过研究发现,所构造的E曲线具有Bézier曲线类似的一系列优良性质.     

On the stability issues of switched singular time‐delay systems with slow switching based on average dwell‐time

The issue of exponential stability analysis of continuous‐time switched singular systems consisting of a family of stable and unstable subsystems with time‐varying delay is investigated in this paper. It is very difficult to analyze the stability of such systems because of the existence of time‐delay and unstable subsystems. In this regard, on the basis of the free‐weighting matrix approach, by constructing the new Lyapunov‐like Krasovskii functional, and using the average dwell‐time approach, delay‐dependent sufficient conditions are derived and formulated in terms of LMIs to check the exponential stability of such systems. This paper also highlights the relationship between the average dwell‐time of the switched singular time‐delay system, its stability, exponential convergence rate of differential states, and algebraic states. Finally, a numerical example is given to confirm the analytical results and illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Distributed control of nonlinear diffusion systems by input–output linearization

This paper addresses the distributed control by input–output linearization of a nonlinear diffusion equation that describes a particular but important class of distributed parameter systems. Both manipulated and controlled variables are assumed to be distributed in space. The control law is designed using the concept of characteristic index from geometric control by using directly the PDE model without any approximation or reduction. The main idea consists in the control design in assuming an equivalent linear diffusion equation obtained by use of the Cole–Hopf transformation. This framework helps to demonstrate the closed‐loop stability using some concepts from the powerful semigroup theory. The performance of the proposed controller is successfully tested, through simulation, by considering a nonlinear heat conduction problem concerning the control of the temperature of a steel plate modeled by a nonlinear heat equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种新的紫外光自组织通信网络MAC层避退算法

紫外光自组织通信网络是把紫外光与自组织网络相结合的,能够利用自组织网络的多跳特性来克服紫外光距离有限性的通信网络。为了使紫外光自组织通信网络中各个节点能够对有限的信道资源进行充分与公平的利用,需要对网络协议栈中的第二层——媒介接入控制层上的传统算法进行优化。本文以媒质接入控制层(MAC,Media Access Control)传统上采用的二进制指数退避算法为基础,以提高公平性为目的,提出了依据退避计数器值的随机选取是否合理,继而采取相应的奖励惩罚机制的新算法。研究结果表明:新算法提高了无线紫外光自组织通信网络中各节点接入信道的公平性,并在信道吞吐量和信道接入公平性之间达到了一个较好的折衷。     

单片机控制的开环NC加、减速方法的实现

介绍了指数加、减速法,并采用等幅均匀的离散型,将指数形式离散化处理来实现步进电动机升、降速控制,给出了程序流程图和相关代码.     

印度应对能源需求的生态友好能源生产（英文）

全球能源需求增长显著,并且初级化石能源消耗已经呈现出很高的正增长.讨论不同的初级能源消耗情况,以及预测未来煤炭将继续作为主要能源.讨论印度的能源需求前景,以及预测未来印度对石油、天然气、煤层气和地下煤气的需求情况,同时还讨论当今国家的石油和石化工业的情况,以及在未来几年内的新能源来取代初级化石能源的最新进展.发展经济和缓解贫困取决于能否获得廉价的能源和国家的能源安全.在石油石化行业等能源行业,有必要通过政府政策的扶持,发展最新先进技术.设计这些行业路线图,规范能源企业在印度和海外的最佳实践.文中还讨论通过现代管理手段使其有效定位环境与社会的挑战,应对经济增长,并且满足能源需求的战略,但是这样的能源应当更多关注环境退化问题.结论指出能源安全可以引导能源自主是有可能的,并且可以通过规划方式来实现.     

测量值量化的时滞系统的输出反馈控制

为了解决无线网络带宽限制的问题,信号在传输之前需要进行量化,但是量化器的引入会给信号带来一定的误差.针对时滞系统,研究测量值量化的基于观测器的输出反馈控制问题.考虑对数量化器,为了研究量化器对系统的影响,引入上行界的方法,将对数量化问题转化成鲁棒不确定问题.为了讨论系统的收敛速度,采用带有衰减系数的Lyapunov函数,得到了闭环系统的指数衰减率.采用线性矩阵不等式(LMI)的方法给出了系统满足指数稳定的充分条件以及控制器和观测器增益的表达式.应用数值仿真证明了本文算法的有效性.     

复杂动态网络的牵制同步控制

研究了复杂动态网络的牵制同步控制。首先,阐述了一个新的动态网络,这个网络具有不同的节点结构,而且每个节点都是具有相同维数的动力系统。通过设计合适的控制器,此网络的状态将指数同步到一个稳定的状态。其次,给出了一些同步准则和一个例子去验证理论结果。MATLAB仿真结果表明,在整个网络被控制到平衡点时,在网络中随机地选择两个节点施加牵制控制,甚至仅对网络中度最大的那一个节点施加牵制控制,都能使网络的状态在很短的时间内达到同步。MATLAB仿真结果与理论分析相一致。     

古木建筑榫卯连接M-θ相关曲线模型研究

通过对木结构榫卯连接模型试验及其试验结果分析,得出影响连接刚度的主要因素是替木尺寸,榫头尺寸和卯孔对柱的削弱程度.利用最小二乘法对试验数据进行处理,得出榫头尺寸及卯孔对刚度影响的规律.在原有的3参数幂函数模型的基础上,建立适合木结构榫卯连接的4参数幂函数弯矩-转角的相关曲线模型.本文基本结论可以为古木结构的研究和修缮工作提供一些理论帮助.     

HTTP-SoLDiER: An HTTP-flooding attack detection scheme with the large deviation principle

HTTP-flooding attack is a much stealthier distributed denial of service （DDoS） attack, challenging the survivability of the web services seriously. Observing the web access behavior, we find that the surfing preference of normal users is much more consistent with the webpage popularity than that of malicious users. Based on this observation, this paper proposes a novel detection scheme for HTTP-flooding （HTTP-SoLDiER）. Specifically, HTTP-SoLDiER first quantifies the consistency between web users surfing preference and the web- page popularity with large-deviation principle. Then HTTP-SoLDiER distinguishes the malicious users from normal ones according to the large-deviation probability. In practice, the webpage popularity plays a key role in attack detection of HTTP-SoLDiER. Due to the never-ending updating of the webpage content and the disturbance induced by attackers, the webpage popularity often varies over time. Thus, it is critical for HTTP-SoLDiER to dynamically update the webpage popularity. We design a reversible exponentially weighted moving average （EWMA） algorithm to solve the problem. Finally, we evaluate the effectiveness of this scheme in terms of true positive （TF） and false positive （FP） probabilities with NS-3 simulations. The simulation results show that HTTP-SoLDiER can detect all random HTTP-flooding attackers and most of the perfect-knowledge HTTP-flooding attackers at little false positive.