翅柱式IGBT水冷散热器的数值模拟

翅柱的细节特征尺寸很小,限制了网格的尺寸,制约了对水冷散热器进行完整模型的仿真分析。采取先对流体区域进行流场计算,再利用对称性来建立热仿真模型进行散热性能仿真的方法,得到了水冷散热器在不同入口流量下的芯片最高温度和IGBT元件安装面最高温度变化结果。同时通过对比分析有、无泄压槽对3个支路流量分配的情况,发现泄压槽方式可以有效调节3个支路的压力和流量,使得3个支路的流量基本上相等。研究方法可以有效解决和实现复杂问题的仿真计算,研究结果可为IGBT水冷散热器的设计工作提供指导。     

变加热功率下不同形状微肋阵热沉内的对流换热

为探索变加热功率下微肋阵热沉内的对流换热规律,采用精密机械加工获得圆形、菱形和三角形微肋阵热沉,建立一体式加热试验系统,测试了微肋阵热沉的压力降、流动阻力系数、热阻等对流换热参数,研究Re为0~1 000时微肋阵内阻力及对流换热受加热功率的影响规律。研究结果表明,微肋阵内阻力系数先随加热功率增加而增大,圆形和菱形截面微肋阵中该现象在Re>400时消失,而三角形微肋阵在Re>250时消失。加热功率的增加强化了圆形和菱形截面微肋阵内的对流换热,三角形微肋阵的Nu在Re<250时随加热功率的增加而增大,当Re>250后则有所降低;加热功率对于圆形和菱形微肋阵热沉热阻的影响在Re<600时较为明显,而对于三角形微肋阵当Re>250后加热功率对于热阻的影响基本可以忽略。     

锂离子电池组翅片-空气协同冷却的数值模拟

热管理是维护锂离子电池组安全运行、延长电池组使用寿命的重要手段。为有效抑制电池组在大倍率放电过程中的温升,提出了翅片-空气协同冷却新方法,并采用数值模拟对其控温效果进行了分析。结果表明,与传统空冷方法相比,翅片-空气协同冷却法能有效抑制电池的温升,并大幅度减小空冷散热的能量损耗。对翅片强化传热机理的分析表明,翅片的导热能力是决定翅片-空气协同冷却效果的关键因素。     

填充多级相变材料的套管式储热器性能研究

提出一种填充三级相变材料的水平套管式储热器,并建立该储热器的综合性能评价指标,基于该指标数值预测和研究了分隔壁面、翅片布置和方向等参数对系统综合性能的影响。结果表明：分隔壁面对PCM的自然对流有明显的抑制作用,且相变温度越高,抑制效果越显著;相对于无翅片结构,在各级PCM中布置翅片的储热器的综合储热效率提高了约2.27倍;不同翅片布置方向下PCM液相率的变化可分为两个不同阶段,且均匀布置的翅片结构（Case2）具有较优的综合性能;各级PCM间熔化速率的不均匀性是制约系统整体储热性能的关键因素;Case5的翅片布置方式使各级PCM间熔化速率的均匀性明显改善,与Case2相比,其综合储热效率提高了28.30%。     

微肋阵通道流动沸腾换热与压降特性

为探究不同截面微肋阵通道内的流动沸腾换热机理,以去离子水为工质,在质量流速为96～224 kg·m^-2·s^-1,有效热通量为10～240 W·cm^-2的范围内,对圆形、菱形、椭圆形微肋阵通道内流动沸腾换热及压降特性进行了实验研究,同时对微通道内流动沸腾的不稳定性进行了分析。通过实验发现：在低热通量下,核态沸腾占主导地位,而在中高热通量下,薄膜蒸发对流换热为主要沸腾机制;沸腾传热系数随着热通量和出口干度的增加而减小,两相压降随着热通量和出口干度的增加而增大;微肋阵肋间形成的次级通道宽度对换热和两相压降有很大的影响,次级通道越宽,气泡越容易脱离,换热效果越好,压降越大;微肋的存在抑制了气泡的反向流动,减小了沸腾不稳定性,推迟了临界热通量的发生,椭圆形微肋阵通道的流动沸腾稳定性最好,而圆形微肋阵通道的流动沸腾稳定性最差。     

微肋阵通道内流动沸腾CHF特性

以去离子水为工质,在质量流速G为96～224 kg·m^-2·s^-1,入口过冷度为20～50℃,有效热通量为10～240 W·cm^-2的范围内,对圆形、菱形、椭圆形微肋阵通道内流动沸腾临界热通量（critical heat flux,CHF）特性进行了实验研究。临界热通量是通道出口壁面干涸造成的,而出口壁面的干涸是由于流动沸腾向通道上游的反向流动。出口壁温的剧增和两相压降的剧减标志着CHF的发生。此外研究发现质量流速、入口过冷度、微肋形状等实验参数对CHF也有着很大的影响。实验结果表明：在相同的实验工况条件下,微肋片的存在大大减小了沸腾的反向流动和流动沸腾的不稳定性,微肋阵通道的CHF比光滑微通道更高,且椭圆形微肋阵的CHF最大,菱形微肋阵次之,圆形微肋阵最小;CHF随着质量流速和入口过冷度的增大而增大,但随着出口干度的增大而减小。最后将实验数据文献中的关联式进行了比较验证,结果表明该实验数据与关联式吻合良好。     

Heat transfer analysis of lateral perforated fin heat sinks

In this article fluid flow and conjugate conduction-convective heat transfer from a three-dimensional array of rectangular perforated fins with square windows that are arranged in lateral surface of fins are studied numerically. For investigation, Navier–Stokes equations and RNG based k − ε turbulent model are used. Finite volume procedure with SIMPLE algorithm is applied to coupled differential equations for both solid and gas phases. Computations are carried out for Reynolds numbers of 2000–5000 based on the fin thickness and Pr = 0.71. Numerical model is first validated with previous experimental studies and good agreement were observed. Based on a valid numerical model, numerical solution is made to find fluid flow and temperature distribution for various arrangements. For each type, fin efficiency of perforated fins is determined and compared with the equivalent solid fin. Results show that new perforated fins have higher total heat transfer and considerable weight reduction in comparison with solid fins.     

Biochemistry Department,University of Oxford

Howard Watson describes how Hawkins\Brown's new Biochemistry Department for the University of Oxford represents an innovative new model for scientific research institutes. Spatially, its interior not only positively embraces and encourages social interaction and the fertilisation of ideas, but also brings art, architecture and science together under a single roof. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

增强石蜡相变材料传热性能的实验研究

添加高导热颗粒和增大换热面积是当前增强石蜡相变材料传热性能的主要研究方向。以此为基础搭建试验台结合数据采集系统对石蜡在圆管外的熔化凝固过程进行了实验测试,并对各测点的温度变化趋势进行分析,研究了添加不同纳米颗粒和加入金属肋片对换热过程的影响。结果表明:在石蜡溶液中添加纳米颗粒能够起到减小过冷度的效果同时有效增强相变材料的传热性能,添加纳米氧化铜颗粒的传热性能增强效果要优于添加氧化锌颗粒和二氧化硅颗粒;在储热系统中加入肋片能够显著提高相变储能系统的热性能,强化换热过程。     

Research on melting and solidification processes for enhanced double tubes with constant wall temperature/wall heat flux

Latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) improves the energy utilization efficiency between energy supply and energy demand of heating storage in buildings and liquid desiccant air conditioning systems. The present work is focused on validated numerical investigation of the thermal performances of LHTES inside enhanced double tubes. The effects of the number of fins ranging from 2 to 10 and boundary conditions of the inner tube wall on the melting and solidification processes are examined. The results indicate that number of fins and wall boundary conditions play an important role in the thermal performances of LHTES. It is noted that recirculation flow in the liquid phase change material region is formed remarkably. The enhancement ratio for constant wall temperature is more significant than that of constant wall heat flux during the melting process. However, the discrepancy of the enhancement ratio for different inner wall temperatures is limited during the solidification process.